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Part 2, Surya Gupta 21 Taras: meditating on virtuous body of Tara; distinct embodiments of Tara’s Compassion and Wisdom

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

“As Tara did, we develop the potential of our minds to attain full Enlightenment through meditation. Meditation is a process of focusing our mind on a virtuous object.” — From Tara in the Palm of Your Hand [1]

Part 2 in our series on Surya Gupta 21 Taras [Part one found here>>]

In Vajrayana Buddhism — specifically here in the Surya Gupta 21 Taras practice — we engage the path with meditation that involves all of Sacred Body, Speech and Mind. In meditation on the 21 Forms of Tara, we explore in our minds, the rich symbolism of all the aspects of Tara in visual form. Of course, Tara, and all Enlighteneds Buddhas transcend appearances. But for the unenlightened, the meditator seeking enlightenment, its is supremely effective to embody Tara various aspects as a virtuous object of our visualization. By involving all three of Body, Speech and Mind, the meditation is more intense.

For “Body”, we  learn to project the “virtuous object” in our mind. For Speech, we engage with mantras, among other methods. In the Surya Gupta method of meditation, each of the Taras has Her own mantras (although the main mantra Om Tare Tuttare Ture Soha is fine for each as a focus.) For mind, we contemplate her “Praise”, her virtues, her symbolism, and her powers.

 

The 21 Taras according to the Surya Gupta visualizations.

 

Ultimately, the object of “Body” meditation can be anything (if we are advanced). In Tara in the Palm of Your Hand”, H.E. Zasep Rinpoche pointed out the example of great Asanga and the maggots:

Zasep Tulku Rinpoche is the author of Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, a commentary and practice of the 21 Taras in the tradition of Surya Gupta. The book is available on Amazon>>

“There is a story about Asanga, a great Buddhist teacher from the fourth century CE who founded the Yogacara or Mind Only School of Tibetan Buddhism. He attained a realization of loving kindness through having a maggot as his object of meditation. For 12 years Asanga had been doing a solitary meditation retreat on Buddha Maitreya, the Buddha of Loving Kindness.

“Though Asanga devoutly wished to see Maitreya, Maitreya had not appeared to him. Asanga was ready to give up. With a heavy heart, he left his retreat.

As he was walking along the road, he saw a dying dog being eaten by maggots; he was filled with compassion for the dog, and cut off a piece of his own flesh to feed it. Then he decided to further ease the dog’s suffering by removing the maggots. But he suddenly had a realization: the maggots were sentient beings too, no different from the dog; there was no inherent difference between the dog and the maggots because all sentient beings have Buddha Nature. Both were worthy of compassion.

Dogs also have Buddha Nature — as do maggots (story of Asanga.)

“Initially, Asanga had been going to use his fingers to pluck the maggots from the dog, but now he was afraid he would hurt the maggots if he did that. So he decided to use his tongue. Kneeling by the dog, he bent his head down, ready to do what would seem to the ordinary person to be a completely repugnant act. As he bent his head towards the maggots, the dog and maggots suddenly disappeared; in their place was Maitreya. He told Asanga that the compassion Asanga had felt for both the dog and the maggots had so purified his Karma that he could now see him, Maitreya.”

For those of us less advanced than great Asanga, it is best to meditate on the Enlightened Forms of the Body of the Buddhas. Tara, especially in her 21 aspects, has many forms.

Here are the remaining fourteen: [See part 1 for the first seven, and, of course, Rinpoche’s book, “Tara in the Palm of Your Hand” for much more detail, including the mantras for each Tara.]

Surya Gupta 21 Taras 8-14, including “principal Green Tara”

In this feature, we cover Taras 8-14, the second set of seven Tara manifestations. These Taras are according to the Mahasiddha Surya Gupta’s rich system — where each of the 21 Taras has a unique name and praise, with deeply profound symbolism, attributes and practices.

In this system, Tara 9, Tara of the Khadira Fragrant Forest, is the Green Tara we all know and love. [Part 1 of this series, with the history/introduction to Surya Gupta’s rich system of 21 Taras and a detailed description of the first seven Taras is here>>]

Tara 8 Tara Who Gives Supreme Spiritual Power

 

Mara Sudana Vasitottama Da Tara / Wang Chug Terwe Drolma

Power or Rite: completion stage practices; destroyer of Maras (demons) and the two obstructions

  • Seed syllable TU
  • Colour: ruby black
  • Number of arms: four
  • Peaceful or wrathful: wrathful

Praise

Homage to you, TURE, the Great Fierce One,
Who totally destroy the leaders of the maras,
Whose lotus face forms wrathful wrinkles,
And who annihilate all enemies without exception.

 

 

 

Tara 9 Tara of the Khadira Fragrant Forest (Principle Green Tara)

 

Khadiravana Tara / Seng Ding Nag Che Drolma

NOTE: In the Surya Gupta system, the sadhana for the 9th Tara, Green Tara, also includes her principle two attendants: Marici and Ekajati.)

Power or Rite: Principle Green Tara

  • Seed syllable TAM
  • Colour: green
  • Number of arms: 2
  • Peaceful or wrathful: peaceful

Praise

Homage to you whose fingers, held at your chest,
Are in the mudra of the Three Jewels;
The gathered light from your hands,
Decorated with wheels, extends in all directions.

 

 

 

 

Tara 10 Tara Who Dispels All Suffering

 

Soka Vinodana Tara / Na Nyen Me Pi Drolma

Power or Rite: Her rite is entering the mandala

  • Seed syllable SA
  • Colour: red
  • Number of arms: 4
  • Peaceful or wrathful: peaceful

 

Praise

Homage to you who are so joyful,
With a garland of light around your crown,
And whose great laughter of TUTTARA
Overpowers all the worlds and maras.

 

Tara 11 Tara Who Summons All Beings and Dispels Misfortune

From the book Tara in the Palm of Your Hand.

 

Jag Vasi Vipan Nirbarhana Tara / Dro Wa Gug Pa Am Pungpa Sel We Drolma

Power or Rite: Increasing enjoyments and accomplishing activities through the ten guardians

  • Seed syllable HA
  • Colour: black
  • Number of arms: 2
  • Peaceful or wrathful: wrathful

Praise

Homage to you, endowed with the power
To draw the assembly of worldly guardians,
The One who with the HUM of wrathful wrinkles
Rescues completely from all poverty.

 

Tara 12 Tara Who Grants Prosperity and Brings about Auspicious Circumstances

 

Kalyana Da Tara or Manga Laloka Tara / Tashi Nang We Drolma

Power or Rite: Her rite is the fire offering

  • Seed syllable AH
  • Colour: yellow
  • Number of arms: 8
  • Peaceful or wrathful: peaceful

Praise

Homage to you who are crowned with a crescent moon,
And whose ornaments shine brightly,
With Amitabha Buddha seated in front of your ushnisha
Eternally sending forth beams of light.

 

Tara 13 Tara the Complete Ripener

 

Pari Pacaka Tara / Young Su Min Par Zed Pi Drolma

Power or Rite: Her rite is for subduing hindrances

  • Seed syllable DRUM
  • Colour: red
  • Number of arms: 4
  • Peaceful or wrathful: wrathful

Praise

Homage to you who dwell within a garland of flames
Like the fire at the end of the aeon;
With your right leg outstretched and your left bent with joy,
You destroy all enemies.

 

Tara 14 Wrathful, Shaking and Frowning Tara

 

Bhrkuti Tara / Tro Nyer Yo We Drolma

Power or Rite: Her rite is the protective circle

  • Seed syllable AH TA
  • Colour: black
  • Number of arms: 6
  • Peaceful or wrathful: wrathful

 

Praise

Homage to you who strike the ground with the palm of your hand
And trample it with your foot;
With a wrathful, wrinkled face and the sound of HUM,
You subdue all seven levels of the world.

 

 

 

NOTES

[1] Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, by H.E. Zasep Tulku Rinpoche

Book Details

The post Part 2, Surya Gupta 21 Taras: meditating on virtuous body of Tara; distinct embodiments of Tara’s Compassion and Wisdom appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.


Naked wisdom for degenerate times: Vajrayogini, enlightened wisdom queen, leads us to bliss, clear light and emptiness, despite modern obstacles

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

The great Lama Yeshe said, “The Vajrayogini yoga method is extremely powerful. It is just what we need in these degenerate times, with our delusions running rampant and our minds grasping at concretized sense pleasures. Therefore, a method such as this, which has the wisdom to transform delusions, is of the utmost need, especially as it has the profound property of becoming more powerful as delusions become stronger.”

Of all the Vajrayana meditative deities, Vajrayogini is credited with being the one practice for our busy, hectic, terrifying times which can lead us, in one lifetime, to Enlightenment. (See full “teaching” video with Garchen Rinpoche on Vajrayogini, embedded below.)

Note: some nudity in the thangkas.

Vajrayogini meditational devotional satue.

 

[NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Feature by Josephine Nolan,

Contributing Editor

Beautiful Vajrayogini, Naropa lineage.

Vajrayogini has been called the “Buddha for our times.” There’s an old Tibetan saying: “Practicing any Buddha is practising all Buddhas.” The great Atisha, when he first came to Tibet, was horrified to find Tibetans practicing many deities at once. He admonished them that they only have to practice one. The Enlightened qualities of one Buddha — including Vajrayogini — are no different from the qualities of another Buddha, even if we sometimes say, Tara specializes in “protection” and “Medicine Buddha” in medicine. So, why is Vajrayogini “the Buddha for our times?”

 

The Buddha for our time?

Simply put, Her visualization, Her appearance, Her mantra, Her sadhana, are all designed to counter our modern obstacles — especially the obstacles of our degenerate times. In our modern age, when we have no time, when life is always in the way of practice, when we struggle with many fears — terrorism, global warming, wars, paying the bills, healing our sickness — these are all the reasons to consider Her practice. Vajrayogini manifests in her fiery red, passionate, stunning beautiful and energetic form. Fast action. Fast practice. An appearance that is instantly modern and relatable.

 

Vajrayogini’s mandala featuring the double tretrahedran (reality source) and the four pink bliss swirls. All of the images and symbols convey a precise and powerful message.

Vajrayogini is not superior to any other Buddha. They are all perfect. They are all Oneness. But, She specifically manifests for these times — She is at once more intimate, closer to us, and more relatable than, for example, a serene peaceful Buddha. The serene, peaceful Buddha conjures the feeling of six years of renunciation under a tree meditating. In today’s world, how can anyone contemplate such a commitment?

In violent, fast-paced times, we sometimes can more easily relate to the ferocious energy of the Dakini Queen, who delivers realizations in a dervish of dancing energy, blissful realization and sudden glimpses of Shunyata.

Video 2018 teaching from Garchen Rinpoche on Vajrayogini:

 

Is Vajrayogini real or a symbol?

The 11 Yogas of Vajrayogini comprise a most concise but complete Highest Yoga Tantra practice.

It is fashionable in the west to embrace deities, but to rationalize them as symbols, psychological constructs, or meditational visions designed to help us overcome “ordinary appearances.” While all of this is true, it is also true, relatively speaking, that Vajrayogini, and other deities, exist as described here by His Holiness Sakya Trizin:

“In Buddhist tradition, we have two truths: the relative truth and absolute truth. In absolute truth, there’s no deity. There’s nothing. It’s inexpressible. In other words, it is something that is completely beyond our present way of thinking and being. But relatively, we have everything existing. We have “I,” and “you,” and all this. Empty it is, also. All these deities are different, with different categories. Some deities are called yidams, some deities are called dharmapalas. It is not just an idea that we have created. They are all truly like this. They protect you and they bless you, they help you…” [5]

 

NOTE: Although the practices themselves are secret, discussing the benefits of practice is not. Vajrayana deity practices are widely available online, however just because they are available does not mean they should be practised without authorization or empowerment from a qualified teacher. However, any student, for example, in a temple, can make offerings and praise Vajrayogini.

An “easy” Higher Yoga practice?

Another form of Vajrayogini.

Although Vajrayogini is a Highest Yoga Tantra practice, her meditation is relatively simple. Visualizing her is easy — she’s simply so stunningly beautiful it’s hard not to think of her appearance. She is also profoundly accomplished in every way:

“Vajrayogini/Vajravarahi ranks first and most important among the dakinis. She is the “Sarva-buddha-dakini” the Dakini Who is the Essence of all Buddhas.” [1]

Vajrayogini pratice has led to Enlightenment of many great masters. “Of the 84 Mahasiddhas of ancient India, many gained their attainments through the practices of Heruka Chakrasamvara and Vajrayogini” [3] Traditionally, this is because the Chakrasamvara Vajrayogini mandala actually still exists in our physical world — most mandalas are absorbed back into emptiness at the end of meditations. This makes Her practice ideal for these chaotic times.

Above all, she is relatively “easy” from a visualization point-of-view. She is among the most vivid in imagery, yet the easiest to imagine.

His Holiness the Sakya Trizin explains:

“Vajrayogini has many different forms, but the one we normally use is in between wrathful and peaceful. She is usually in the red color, with one face and two hands holding a curved knife and skull cup filled with nectar and she is adorned with bone ornaments. All these different ornaments and objects have many very deep meanings. The curved knife usually represents the fact that she cuts all defilements. The cup represents what in Sanskrit is called mahasukha, which means “the great bliss.” She is in a complete state of great bliss all the time.”

Spiritual benefits: countless

Although there are mundane benefits as well (see below), Her practice is especially known for higher spiritual attainments:

“She is the Anuttarayoga Tantra Istadevi (the only and the first Deity) and Her practice includes methods for preventing ordinary death, intermediate state (bardo) and rebirth (by transforming them into the paths to enlightenment), and for transforming all mundane daily experiences into spiritual paths.” [4]

 

Vajrayogini’s practice is the path to understanding Shunyata (Emptiness) and Clear Light — the luminosity of the nature of mind.

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Ten benefits of practice according to root Tantra

Another form of Vajrayogini.

The source Tantra, in the Condensed Root Tantra of Heruka, explains there are ten key spiritual benefits to practice, many not available from other practices:

  1. Easy to practice: although a Highest Yoga Tantra practice, the visualitions of the mandala are “relatively” easy, the sadhanas are “relatively” short and the mantra is “relatively” easy. Relatively being the key word.
  2. Ideal for this “degenerate” age: Unlike other practices, Vajrayogini brings fast benefits, since Heruka and Her mandalas are closer to us than other deities.
  3. Vajrayogini’s mantra is supreme for attainments. Although somewhat long, it is easy to memorize. It is said that Vajrayogi’s mantra alone is all a practitioner would ever need, provided they have faith.
  4. Powerful blessings: not just blessings, but quick blessings.
  5. Can accomplish all attainments: many of the great Mahasiddas accomplished Enlightenment and other realizations from Her practice.
  6. Can practice both generation and completion stage together: if you don’t know what this means, teacher guidance is best.
  7. Overcomes attachments: Vajrayogini’s sensuous nature and red colour signify she is suitable for overcome desires and cutting attachments (hence, her flaying knife!)
  8. Although a short practice, Vajrayogini’s practice contains the essence of ALL practices.

There are also two relatively more secret (due to complexity) benefits; in other words benefits that aren’t easily understood unless you are already a practitioner. We won’t explain them here, since they are too profound as topics to cover here, but we list them for reference:

  • Uncommon Yoga of Inconceivability
  • Special body mandala practice

11 Yogas — “preventing ordinary appearances”

His Holiness Sakya Trizin explains, in summary why Vajrayogini practice epitomises Vajrayana:

Robert Beer’s beautiful Vajrayogini mandala. (Low resolution: please visit their website for information on high resolution images)

“The main method that is used in Vajrayana is to stop seeing things as ordinary. So you should see all these things as transcendental wisdom and oneself in the form of a deity, and all sounds as mantra, and every thought that comes as transcendental knowledge. Although at the moment you are just visualizing, you are just imagining, gradually your attachment to the ordinary vision loosens and you strengthen your path in the Vajrayana tradition.” [5]

This is especially emphasized in daily Vajrayogini practice through a beautiful, elegant, complete and precise 11 Yogas, beginning with “Sleeping Yoga” and “Waking Yoga” and “Tasting the Nectar Yoga” right through the entire day. From sleep, to first taste of nectar in the morning, to going through our daily lives, we attempt to maintain the visualization of our form as Vajrayogini, our speech as Her mantra, and the world around us as Her Mandala. Of course, most practitioners struggle with these advanced Yogic methods, but the effect is profound. Known as the 11 Yogas of Vajrayogini, they are descsribed precisely, in a manner which describes each step (Here, we only use the topical Yoga names, the method can only be taught by your Guru):

  1. Sleeping Yoga: Sleeping while maintaining the visualization of Vajrayogini
  2. Rising Yoga: Waking, still in the form of Vajrayogini
  3. Experiencing Nectar Yoga: tasting the nectar after rising
  4. The Yoga of the Immeasurables
  5. The Yoga of the Guru
  6. The Yoga of Self-Generation
  7. The Yoga of Purifying Migrators
  8. The Yoga of Being Blessed by the Heroes and Heroines including a special Body Mandala
  9. Yoga of Verbal and Mental Recitation of the Holy Mantra
  10. The Yoga of Inconcievability
  11. The Yoga of Daily Activities

The entire practice involves every moment of the pracitioner’s day — and is the ultimate, complete practice.

 

Cognitive benefits

Vajrayogini’s seed syllable in her double triangle mandala. Although this appears to be a double triangle, it is actually visualized in three dimensions, as a double tetrahedron.

Vajrayana Buddhists rely on symbols and visualization, activating mind, body and speech simultaneously with visualization (mind), mudra (body) and mantra or ritual (speech) respectively. Science has proven the relationship between Vajrayana meditation and cognitive benefits due to this massive activation of brain matter (See our story “Research Proves Vajrayana Meditation Improve Cognitive Performance and Promising for Brain Disorders>>)

The visual symbols, often including wrathful deities with fangs, animal heads, and the naked feminine, is usually misunderstood — which is why practices are normally secret.  The astonishingly beautiful and naked Vajrayogini, especially in sexual union, probably provokes the deepest misunderstanding.

NOTE: Although the practices themselves are secret, discussing them is not. Vajrayana deity practices are widely available online, however just because they are available does not mean they should be practised without authorization or empowerment from a qualified teacher. However, any student, for example, in a temple, can make offerings and praise Vajrayogini.

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Activating 280 million neurons

In seeing an image of some Enlightened deities, non-practitioners often see sex and demons — where there is actually nothing more than visual language that activates massive frontal volumes of brain matter:

“The underlying anatomical correlates of long-term meditation: Larger hippocampal and frontal volumes of gray matter.” — Science Direct [2]

 

Mindfulness meditation has shown measurable increases in the thickness of the pre-frontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for higher level thinking.

 

In addition, visualization may active the visual cortex of our brains — over 280 million neurons. (For more on Vajrayana visualization, see our earlier story>>)

Interestingly, there is a visual cortex in both hemispheres of the brain, right and left. In scientific studies, visualization of Vajrayana deities in this way, has proven to be effective for growing cognitive abilities, and even beneficial for people with dementia. (Please see our earlier story: Peer-reviewed studies prove daily meditation increases cognitive function>>)

 

The great Mahasiddhi Naropa and his Yidam Vajrayogini.

 

Wisdom and compassion united

Vajrayogini (Wisdom) in union with Heruka Chakrasamvara (Compassion).

H.H. Sakya Trizin explains the symbolism of wisdom and method:

“Actually these deities are the symbol, or the manifestation, of the ultimate truth. The female deities are more on the wisdom side and the male deities are more on the method [compassion] side. But the ultimate, actual transcendental knowledge of wisdom is the complete union of these two things. So they are not really separate. And this great Dharmadatu, or transcendental wisdom, is actually with everyone, within every sentient being. But we haven’t realized this, so we are thinking in an ordinary way about everything that we see, everything we do. Therefore we cling to this present scene that we have.” [5]

In Higher Tantra the two symbols, male and female, wisdom and compassion, are never separated. Even in Vajrayogini’s case — although she may appear alone — she always carries a Katangha staff on her shoulder. This is the symbolic form of the male deity. In the inset picture, she is in union with Chakrasamvara, but in solitary poses she might have the Katangha to represent the male deity.

In broad strokes, the symbolism divides (and yet is never divided) into two themes: capital-C Compassion (symbolized in male Englightened Buddhas) and capital-W Wisdom (symbolized by female Enlightened Dakinis.) The combination of the two, visualized as the union of the male (compassion) and female (wisdom), brings a bliss and intensity to daily meditations — the faster-path to helping us understand Shunyata (Emptiness) and Clear Light.

The Dakini is often said to be the “bringer of bliss and wisdom.” Vajrayogini, the Queen of the Dakinis, is the best known of the Enlightened Feminine — after, perhaps, Venerable Tara. Vajrayogini is none other than an emanation of Tara (or vice versa, it doesn’t matter.)

Psychology of Dakinis

Noted psychologist, Rob Preece, in The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra, describes the power of Dakini symbols:

“As an archetypal symbol of the feminine, the dakini brings fiery wildness and deep instinctuality of feminine… As an aspect of Anima, she is at the heart of our relationship life. The Dakini is known as a messenger, a bringer of profound intuitions, and insight into the deepest aspects of the psyche.”

He goes on to describe Vajrayogini as the “most potent validation of this quality.”

“Her fiery red, dancing form reflects a quality similar to the flamenco dancer — proud, undaunted, powerful and erotic. She carries a curved knife to cut through the ignorance and stupidity she encounters, and, holding a skullcup of blood, she drinks a blissful nectar of the essence of her feminine power. Across her shoulder is a staff, called a khatvanga, symbolizing her integration of the masculine. She is adorned with bone ornaments and a crown of skulls and around her neck she wears a necklace of skulls.”

“She is the dance or play of emptiness, like the play of light rippling on the surface of water. Her appearance is manifest, yet illusory.”

A beautiful newari (new-style) take on Vajrayogini.

Vajrayogini, dancing wisdom

In a recent story honoring Dakini Day, we described the feminine wisdom deities this way (story here>>):

“Dakinis are portrayed as elusive, playful and often fierce and naked to symbolically convey how elusive true Wisdom encompassing “Emptiness” can be.”

But why is Vajrayogini not only naked, but so exquisitely (almost distractingly) beautiful. Not just beautiful, but sexual, unabashed, carefree, youthful and passion-inspiring.

It’s a difficult concept to describe. Basically, in Vajrayana, the deities appear in a form that aligns with obstacles we are trying to overcome. Vajrayogini is so desirous, that she almost appears to challenge us to overcome our silly craving for sensual pleasures. “See, there’s nothing special about being naked and dancing around,” she almost seems to say.

Of course, the message is not so superficial. Her nudity expresses how we must shed not only our cravings but our pre-conceived notions of how things are — if we are to understand the true nature of the universe, which is Emptiness (Shunyata.)

Vajryogini’s Appearance

Vajrayogini in her blue form as consort of the great Hayagriva, Heruka aspect of Amitabha Buddha. In this form she has a sow’s head (symbolizing overcoming of ignorance) and Hayagriva has a horse head signifying the activity of Dharma Speech (most important of the three jewels.) For a story on Hayagriva Vajrayogini see here>>

Vajrayogini is not always red. In union with Hayagriva she is blue. She is not always in union, sometimes she is alone and dancing with a Katvanga (which represents her consort). Often, as Vajravarahi, she is seen with a sow’s head (pig) sprouting from her wild hair — symbolic of overcoming ignorance.

“Although there are a number of visual representations of Vajrayogini, certain attributes are common to all: She is mostly shown as young, naked, and standing in a desirous or dancing posture. She holds a blood-filled skull cup in one hand and a curved knife (kartr or dri-gug) in the other. Often she wears a garland of human skulls or severed heads; has a khatvanga staff leaning against her shoulder; her usually wild hair flowing down her neck and back; her face in a semi-wrathful expression. Her radiant red body is ablaze with the heat of yogic fire and surrounded by the flames of wisdom.” [1]

Practicing Vajrayogini

Although Vajrayogini is a Highest Yoga Tantra, requiring both permission and empowerment, anyone can honor, pray to, or meditate on her as an “external deity.” It is not permitted to visualize the self as Vajrayogini without initiation, and probably not to chant the mantra, but one can come closer to Vajrayogini’s enlightened qualities through praise, offerings and prayers without empowerments.

Unlike other meditations, however, the very energetic nature of Vajrayogini’s meditation — designed as it is to cope with the high pace of our “degenerate times” — requires some guidance. The best path to Vajrayogini is through a qualified teacher, with proven lineage.

 

 

 

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

 

NOTES

[1] Vajrayogini.com 

[2] “The underlying anatomical correlates of long-term meditation: Larger hippocampal and frontal volumes of gray matter.” Science Direct

[3] “Vajrayogini” page of Dechen Choekhor Mahaviraha

[4] “Vajrayogini” 

[5] Interview with HH. Sakya Trizin on Tricycle.

 

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Angry Wisdom: Yamantaka, the Destroyer of Death; Vajrabhairava, the wrathful Dharamapala Heruka manifestation of Manjushri, the Buddha of Wisdom

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

Yamantaka and consort. For those who already have initiation.

“When the tantric wrathful deity is understood and related to skillfully, it has the necessary qualities to be a catalyst of transformation. One deity that embodies the power to transform the destructive, agressive aspect of the Shadow is Yamantaka. Vajrabhairava, as he is also called is practiced to overcome emotional and karmic obstacles, in particular the violence of anger and hatred.” — The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra, Rob Preece

No deity is more misunderstood, than the buffalo-headed deity Yamantaka [Sanskrit Vajrabhairava], yet this is one of the main higher practices of the Gelug tradition, and practiced extensively by other traditions. [See “Different forms of Yamantaka” section below.]

Yamantaka is, perhaps, most famous in the West because of the intricate and elaborate sand mandalas of Yamantaka:

 

Temporary sand mandala of Yamantaka. After endless hours of intricate work, the entire beautiful mandala is swept away to demonstrate impermanence.

 

H.E. Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche is the spiritual head of Gaden for the West.

It is said that when President Nixon was considering aid for Tibet, he saw an image of Yamantaka, complete with horns, and judged that the Tibetan people were primitive demon-worshipers. Of course, modern understanding of the symbolism makes it clear that Yamantaka is a wrathful but compassionate Yidam, whose terrible power is turned against the obstacles to our practice, especially anger, hate, and death.

“Lama Tsongkhapa said, Yamantaka is the most powerful practice in terms of transforming the mind and purification, ” explained H.E. Zasep Rinpoche during teachings at Nelson B.C. on Yamantaka. “It is a very powerful and important practice in this degeneration age.”

NOTE: Yamantaka practice is a Highest Yoga Tantric practice and REQUIRES initiation to practice safely.

 

According to some accounts, one of the reasons then-President Richard Nixon denied aid to Tibet was an image of Yamantaka in union with his Wisdom Consort. The horns might have been too much for that era, but equally the “sex” played a role.

 

Not only is Yamantaka the most ferocious of the Tibetan meditational deities, everything about him is fierce and almost deliberately “over the top” in scope and scale:

  • His name “Bhairava” means “terrifier.”
  • In his name Yamantaka, contains the name “Yama”, the Lord of Death — although when combined with “antaka” it actually means the “Destroyer of Death”
  • He is visualized in an underworld, a charnal ground filled with demons, spirits, cannibals — but all of whom he brings under his power
  • He is the “horned” god, and many Westerners see resemblance to Satan’s horns — although they are more akin to the Greek Minotaur or the nature god Kernunos, or Pan.
  • He is brimming with invulnerable life-force, symbolized through his potently erect penis.
  • His “shock and awe” imagery is meant to convey unshakable power that cannot be resisted.
  • He has many arms, legs and faces (depending on which form), his arms holding many weapons, ripe with symbolism.
  • He stamps on bodies — not as a killer, but as a force that brings all things under his control.
  • He is surrounded by flames — but not hell-flames; these are the flames of wisdom — for he is none other than the Buddha of Wisdom, Majushri, in his wrathful form.

Yamantaka, among the most wrathful of the wrathful Enlightened deities.

The many faces of wisdom

Wrathful barely begins to describe Yamantaka. In one of his forms he has nine heads (the central one being a “buffalo”), all with three eyes, fangs and ferocious expressions. In this form he has thirty-four hands, each with symbolic weapons, and sixteen legs. He can also appear solitary, or in union with his consort Vajravetali. He can have two-arms or many. He is normally blue-black, symbolic of many things. Atop his crown, we normally visualize the head of Manjushri, the Buddha of Wisdom.

To the uninitiated, seeing his ferocious image for the first time — just imagine, for example, the early Christian missionaries arriving in Tibet and seeing a near-demonic deity in the temples — he seems frightening, the stuff of nightmares. This is, as it should be. Yamantaka (Vajrabhairava in Sanskrit) is meant to be so fearsome that even the demons — whether you view them as metaphorical inner demons or external entitites — tuck tail and run. Even Yama bows down (the ancient equivalent of Satan or Hades).

Ultimately, death itself is conquered by this towering, wrathful deity, Yamantaka. Conquering death, and the cycle of samsaric suffering, is at the very heart of Buddhism. As the “death destroyer” Yamantaka symbolizes this aspiration, and his meditational deity practice is designed to achieve that goal.

 

Yamantaka, destroyer of death.

 

Yamantaka — overcoming anger and hatred

Yamantaka’s ultimate mission is “destroyer of death” (see below)— in the same way, for example, Medicine Buddha’s main mission is “healing” — but, as with all manifestations of the Enlightened, Yamantaka embodies all of the qualities of a Buddha. He does, however, have other well known “specialties.” His practice is famous for overcoming “emotional and karmic obstacles, in particular the violence of anger and hatred.”

Dr. Alexander Berzin explains: “What is it that is going to prevent us from attaining that state of a Buddha? Our own confusion, our own laziness, our own bad temper and anger, our own attachments. This is the real enemy – it’s all these disturbing emotions and negative attitudes in our own minds. So we really need some very, very strong force not to just give in and let ourselves be ruled by this confusion.”

He continues: “We need a combination of compassion – we want to help others – and force and strength that “I’m not going to let all this junk that’s going on in my mind prevent me from being able to help others,” like laziness: “I don’t feel like doing it. I don’t feel like going and helping somebody.” You have to cut through that.”

 

Yamantaka with Manjushri head.

 

Destroying death?

How does Vajrabhairava “destroy” death? By helping us to understand the true nature of reality.

Dr. Alexander Berzin explains why an assertive Yidam, such as Yamantaka, can help us break through: “In order to overcome that confusion and laziness, we need the full understanding of reality – in Buddhist terms, voidness – that things don’t exist in the impossible ways that our minds project. So with understanding, we want to cut through these grosser levels with all the confusion – with a lot of strength – and get down to the subtlest level.

As a Highest Yoga Tantra practice it includes generation and completion stage practices, which are the ultimate meditational practices for helping us see reality as it truly is. The assertive and complex imagery of the “destroyer of death” requires us to really concentrate on the task of “creating” (generating) the visualization. Where softer, gentler meditational deities might allow us to relax and coast, Yamantaka’s sheer ferocious complexity demands full attention. Then, just as we master this awesome and frightening imagery — suddenly, we are guided to deconstruct our hard work, to dissolve away the intensely real visualization.

 

Yamantaka and consort.

 

In what way can this possibly “destroy death”? It has nothing to do with immortality, or staying young for ever. Destroying death means to understand that we are already Empty of inherent existence, that our egos are a construct. When ego is stripped away, we are no more than part of the whole — but that, in itself, is an amazing truth and joy. And, that whole that we are a part of, Shunyata, is eternal and timeless. Understanding this concept is a deep and vast topic, not explainable in a book or a simple feature article. This is why we have great teachers to guide us. [For a story on Shunyata, or Emptiness, see>>]

We destroy death, in this case, by deconstructing the ego, the bringer of our pain and suffering. It is ego’s clinging to pleasure and aversion to pain that causes our suffering. The moment our parents put a label on us (as children) — we became that label. The ego naturally followed. In its extreme form, the narcissistic personality, ego is everything. In it’s subtlest form, that of a humble monk who has renounced most of the pleasures of so-called reality, the ego is very unimportant. Compassion for others takes precedence, taking us yet another step towards Enlightenment.

 

Yamantaka with 9 heads, 34 arms, 16 legs.

 

Highest Yoga Tantra  — understanding Emptiness, overcoming death

Alexander Berzin explains Highest Yoga Tantra, such as Yamantaka practice, and how it helps us understand Emptiness (Voidness) and, with practice, ultimately overcome death, for the benefit of all beings:

“Now, normally we get down to that subtlest level when we die. During that period of death – what’s called the clear light of death – before the bardo (the in-between state) and rebirth, we are just experiencing that clear-light level. (Pardon the dualistic way of saying that – that we are experiencing it, as if there’s a separate me. There’s no separate me experiencing it.) In other words, our mental activity during that short period of death is just this subtlest, subtlest level. I think that’s a clearer way of saying it.

“But normally when we experience death, we’re totally unaware of what’s going on – we don’t recognize the potentials and abilities of that subtlest level of mind. We have all these habits of our confusion – all these habits of compulsive behavior based on confusion and disturbing emotions – and because of the momentum of so many lifetimes of being under the influence of these habits, what happens? New rebirth – samsaric rebirth – with another cluster or configuration of these habits being activated and generating the next samsaric life filled with the same types of compulsive behavior and confusion. That’s our ordinary type of death.

“So what we want to do is to be able to overcome that kind of death and instead be able, in our meditation, to get to that subtlest level of mental activity. And we’ve used great force to get down there. But now it’s with a totally calm understanding of reality that we can apply in meditation at this time of clear light in order to be able to get:

  • That clear-light state to have the understanding of voidness or reality
  • The subtlest energy of it to transform and appear in the form of a Buddha.

“If we do this often enough and strongly enough, we’re able to stay like that forever. So this is basically the tantra path of the highest class of tantra.”

Of course, as a Highest Yoga Tantra practice, Yamantaka requires huge dedication and commitment. It comes with practice commitments, Tantric commitments and Guru commitments. It’s not for dabblers. It takes daily practice for years to master — and it always requires a teacher, to answer those tough questions that will inevitably arise.

Always at Yamantaka’s heart, we visualize Manjushri, with his sword of wisdom. A stunning thangka of Lord Manjushri by Jampay Dorje. See our previous story on Jampay Dorje’s work>>

 

 

The benefits of Vajrabhairava practice

Yamantaka (Vajrabhairava) is treasured in the Gelug tradition because the great sage, Lama Tsongkhapa, himself an emanation of Manjushri, recommended the practice as “most important.”

Yamantaka is treasured, in part, because it’s a “container practice.” You can wrap other practices around Yamantaka practice. For instance, if you invite protectors, you first visualize yourself as Yamantaka. It incorporates Guhyasamaja and Chakrasamvara practices. Yamantaka practice incorporates both Father and Mother tantra. Father tantra is the practice of the “illusory body” and Mother tantra is the practice of “clear light.”

Dr. Alexander Berzin explains: “You remember I said that Vajrabhairava is the container within which you combine Guhyasamaja practices and Chakrasamvara practices in the Gelugpa way of practicing? He has thirty-four arms, right? The second of the five special features is that in two of his hands he holds intestines and a triangular fire stove. This represents two types of practices in Guhyasamaja: illusory body and clear light. So that means that he incorporates the Guhyasamaja type of practices.”

The main feature of Yamantaka practice is “overcoming the obstacles” or “defeating the maras.” Those include:

  • The mara of death: by understanding, with the clear-light mind, emptiness, you come close to experiencing death, without dying. As you understand the illusory nature of reality, and the reason for our suffering, you come closer to escaping samsara.
  • The mara of disturbing emotions: anger to fight anger, wrath to fight wrath, using the psychology of wrathful deities to supress the mara of disturbing emotions.
  • The mara of aggregates: Once we learn how to transform the clear light of death into the Wisdom of Emptiness, the aggregates of samsara can no longer affect us.
  • The mara of the sons of gods: With the Wisdom of Emptiness we overcome doubt and incorrect views.

 

Father-Mother Combined?

Gelek Rimpoche explains: “Yamantaka basically falls into the father tantra category, Heruka/Vajrayogini into the mother tantra. Heruka is known as the ‘jewel tip’. If you have the mandala you put the important jewel on the roof top and the queen of England does so with the crown jewels. In that sense Heruka male and female is the outstanding mother tantra, and likewise, in the Gelugpa tradition, the Guhyasamaja tantra is consid-ered the outstanding father tantra.”

Even though it is considered primarily “Father Tantra”, the symbolism and attributes and practice do incorporate elements of Mother Tantra. Since Yamantaka is the wrathful aspect of Manjushri, this shouldn’t be too surprising. Usually, Highest Yoga practices are either Father practice — emphasizing “illusory body”, compassion and “blissful awareness” — or Mother Tantra — emphasizing “illusory mind” (rather than body) clear light (or brilliance) and wisdom. Heruka Chakrasamvara and Vajrayogini practices, for example, are Mother Tantra primarily; Guhyasamāja is the classic example of Father Tantra. [See symbolism of implements below.]

Yamantaka has elements of both Father and Mother Tantra — although his practice is generally considered Father Tantra — as indicated by the symbolism of their visualized implements: the Khatvanga (Mother Tantra and suggestive of Tummo practice, see below) and Yamantaka specifically carries the triangular stove and intestines, standing for illusion body and Father Tantra practice.

Mother Tantra Khatvanga carried by Vajrayogini has three heads and topped with a Vajra. Yamantaka also carries this Khatvanga.

Gelek Rimpoche: “The method of developing the illusion body. If you look at Yamantaka’s hand implements, out of his thirty-four hands, one is holding the intestines of a human being and another one is holding a stove. He is not going to make a barbecue, but stove and intestines symbolize something … Human intestines is a sign of the illusion body. So showing that, is telling: ‘I also carry the quality of Guhyasamaja – developing the illusion body’. So the second quality is that the Yamantaka practice has the whole complete method of developing the illusion body.”

Illusion body  is associated with “Father Tantra” by definition. However, Gelek Rimpoche explains the “Mother Tantra” aspects as well:

“Again, if you look at Yamantaka’s hand implements, you see he carries a khatanga. What is a khatanga? There are different kinds of these sticks they carry around. One is the trident [tib. katvang tse sum], normally known in the west, then there is the one with the single pole, and the mother tantra deities carry a khatanga which has a vajra on the top and then [three] skulls. The khatanga normally is the exclusive sign of the mother tantra, but Yamantaka carries a khatanga, too. That gives you another message: just like the Heruka or Hevajra tantras have a method of developing the psychic heat power [tib. tummo], burning and melting the source of joy from the head, Yamantaka has that too.”

 

Symbolism of Yamantaka

Yamantaka carries many implements, which are the most direct symbols of his practice, benefits and completeness — and it is here we have suggestions of the blend of Father and Mother Tantra. From Gelek Rimpoche’s “Solitary Yamantaka Teachings” the symbolism is defined as:

Right side (his right):

First right hand: skin of an elephant – victory
over narrow-mindedness

Yamantaka, a ferocious emanation of Manjushri, conquered Yama, Lord of Death.

“Remaining right hands:
I . curved knife (in front!) – cutting through ignorance
2. dart – piercing conception of subject and object
3. pestle – destroying degenerated mindfulness
4. fish knife – cutting off cyclic existence
5. harpoon – destroying the faults of body, speech, mind
6. axe – cutting imprints of obscurations of sentient beings
7 spear – piercing wrong views
8. arrow – transfixing pain of preconception
9. hook – keeps spirits and demons away
10. skull-headed club – destroying the obstacles of karma
11. khatanga – transforming into nature of great practice too – tummo)
12. rimless wheel – turning the wheel of Dharma
13. five-point vajra – being in the nature of the five wisdoms
14. vajra-hammer – destroying avarice
15. sword – bestowing the eight siddhis
16. hand-drum – invoking the buddhas

“Under the right feet: eight siddhis
1. human – pill
2. buffalo -eye lotion
3. bullock – underground movement
4. donkey – sword
5. camel – flying in space
6. dog – becoming invisible
7. sheep – immortality
8. fox – destruction of sickness

NOW, the LEFT (his left):

First left hand: skin of an elephant – victory over narrow-rnindedness

Remaining left hands
1 . skull-cup filled with blood (in front!) restoring degenerated commitments
2. head of Brahma – working with great compassion
3. shield – victory over the 4 maras
4. leg – practitioner proceeding to enlightenment
5. lasso – enveloping the mental continuum with pure wisdom
6. bow – victory over the 3 worlds entrails -possibility of developing illusion body (YT holds method of father tantra)
8. bell – sound of Prajnaparamita
9. hand – performing the four activities
10. cotton shroud – eliminating the veil of obstacles to wisdom
11. man impaled on a stick – directly realizing emptiness by penetrating all things through voidness (YT practice not easy, but forcefully
you get through.)
12. brazier (stove) – possibility of developing clear light (YT practitioners quicker chance to develop wisdom) 
13. scalp – mental continuum being filled with compassion
14 threatening mudra – threatening the demons: ‘You should give priority of bestowing siddhihood on my practitioners’.
15. trident with flags – understanding the emptiness of the three doors as being one entity
16. fan – indicates that all things are like illusions

Under the left feet: eight powers
1. vulture – power of body
2. owl – power of speech
3. crow – power of mind
4. parrot – power of miracles
5. hawk – power of going anywhere
6. kite – power of abode
7. mynah bird – power of wish-fulfillment
8. swan – qualities (be of use for others)

The legend of Yamantaka — a story of anger and death

Yamantaka, a ferocious emanation of Manjushri, conquered Yama, Lord of Death.

Legend and myth are the language of the subconcious, according to various schools of psychology. The legend of Yamantaka is no different. It’s essence, of course, is that Manjushri, the Buddha of Wisdom, took on a form more terrible than Yama himself — Yama being the personification of death — and prevented Yama from decimating Tibet. At that level, the symbolism is clear.

Deeper into the legend you gain a lot more in terms of mysterious symbolism and messaging. The story is told of a monk, a hermit really, who was in his fiftieth year of isolated meditation in a cave in the mountains. Just as he was about to achieve a profound insight, two thieves burst into his cave, with a stolen Water Buffalo. Despite the monk’s pleas to stop — just for a few minutes until he finished his meditation — the thieves beheaded the poor buffalo. Then, out of spite, the two thieves also beheaded the monk.

The monk, who had attained great siddhis, became suddenly very angry and, using his great powers, arose bodily with the head of the bull in place of his own. He killed the two thieves, then — even more furious, now, that his bloodlust had risen — he went on a killing rampage all over Tibet, as Yama, personification of Death.

Alexander Berzin, from a lecture on Yamantaka, finishes the story: “So the people of Tibet were afraid for their lives, and they prayed to Manjushri to listen to them. And Manjushri transformed himself into Yamantaka, looking very similar to Yama but ten times more powerful and horrible, and Manjushri as Yamantaka then defeated Yama and made him into a protector for Buddhism.

“So what do we learn from this story? It’s very interesting. Don’t just look at these things as little fairy tales to tell children. There’s this whole thing that you get in the study of mythology – to see what are the lessons behind the mythology, and is there a deeper psychological thing that is going on, and so on. You get that in Jungian psychology, for example.

Of course, there’s anger and hate, to be tamed by our practice. Anger and hate arise from ego and clinging. The monk was so attached to his achievement, his anger could not be stopped — except by the wisdom of Manjushri. The Buddha of Wisdom used fierce appearance to fight fierce appearance, manifesting as Yama with a bull head, only many times more ferocious. All to say, in Yamantaka practice, we can overcome anger — and, ultimatley, death — by understanding appearances are deceptive, attachment is the root of samsara, and escape lies in Emptiness.

 

Yamantaka YabYum with Wisdom consort. The YabYum represent Father (Yab) Mother (Yum) in union: compassion and wisdom together as one.

 

Different forms of Yamantaka

There are three very popular forms of Yamantaka, all of which have a main “buffalo head” with Manjushri head on top (on the crown) except for Black Yamari and Red Yamari, who have no buffalo head:

  1. Vajrabhairava with 9 heads, 34 arms, 16 legs: this form can appear in any of three mandalas: solitary (single-deity), 49-deity mandala and 13-deity mandala
  2. Vajrabhairava with 6 heads, 6 arms, 6 legs (found in the Kalachakra text).
  3. Vajrabhairava with 4 heads, 8 arms, 4 legs.

Yamantaka himself has many forms, some solitary, some in union with consort, and all requiring empowerment from a lineage teacher:

  • 5-Deity Rakta Yamari (Virupa)
  • 13-Deity Rakta Yamari (Shridhara)
  • 13-Deity Manjushri Krishna Yamari (Rwa Lotsawa)
  • 21-Deity Sanmukha Manjushri Yamari (Rwa Lotsawa)
  • Vajrabhairava w/ 8 Vetalas (“ghouls”) and 32 Ayudhas (ritual objects) (Rwa Lotsawa/Ngor)
  • Vajrabhairava w/ 8 Vetalas and 32 Ayudhas (Mal Lotsawa)
  • 13-Deity Vajrabhairava (Rwa Lotsawa/Tsongkhapa/Gelug)
  • 17-Deity Vajrabhairava  (Kyo Lotsawa)
  • 49-Deity Vajrabhairava (Chang Lodru Sherab Lama; zhang lcog-gru shes-rab bla-ma)
  • Ekantanayaka (Ekavira) Vajrabhairava w/ 32 Ayudhas (Buton)
  • Ekantanayaka (Ekavira) Vajrabhairava (Rwa Lotsawa/Tsongkhapa/Gelug) [Source: Yamantaka.com]

 

NOTES
[1] Yamantaka teachings, Gelek Rimpoche

The post Angry Wisdom: Yamantaka, the Destroyer of Death; Vajrabhairava, the wrathful Dharamapala Heruka manifestation of Manjushri, the Buddha of Wisdom appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Tantra Helps “Stop Ordinary Perception”, and is the Fast Path to Enlightenment. But How Do Modern Buddhists Relate to Deities?

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The much revered Guru Lama Yeshe. The second st

The much revered Guru Lama Yeshe.

The great teacher Lama Yeshe once asked: “Why are there so many different deities in tantra?” [1] On one hand, Mahayana Buddhism speaks to universality, emptiness, oneness and the illusion of “I” or interdependent nature. On the other, Vajrayana Buddhism — often referred to as the “lightning path” and holding out the hope of realizations in one lifetime — includes the practice of deity yoga. These numerous deities appear contrary to the doctrine of emptiness/oneness — particularly from a Western cultural perspective.

Lama Yeshe answers this paradox: “Each deity arouses different feelings and activates different qualities … The whole point of doing meditation is to discover this fundamental principle of totality.” [1]

Although Vajrayana Buddhist practice begins on the universal Buddhist foundations of renunciation, refuge and contemplation, advanced practitioners are taught to visualize deities ­— and not just to imagine the deities, but to become them, merge with them or absorb them. Where foundation practices emphasize simplicity — notably, mindfulness meditation and contemplation of emptiness — Tantric Buddhism practices can seem overwhelming in the complexity of visualization and commitments.

 

Probably the most popular meditation deity is Avalokitesvara, renowned around the word as the very embodiment of compassion. Lovely and peaceful Chenrezig practices are easy visualizations for most meditators.

Probably the most popular meditation deity is Avalokitesvara, renowned around the word as the very embodiment of compassion. Lovely and peaceful Chenrezig practices are easy visualizations for most meditators.

 

Why Deities?

How does a modern Buddhist relate to this apparent contradiction? Western practitioners, in particular, can be quite put off by the apparent pantheon of deities.

One of my Buddhist friends asked, “Don’t all these deity practices foster superstition?” Which led to a long, spirited discussion—Buddhist debate being an honoured tradition—on what deity practice and visualization are really all about. Later, as I tried to explain to her the elegant concept of creation and completion stages, she said, “Then why bother creating what you’re going to dissolve into emptiness? Why not just accept emptiness?” My lame answer was something like, “Because it’s one thing to intellectualize the concept, another to engage in it. Otherwise, emptiness is just another label.” Hardly, a satisfactory answer, but the best a novice practitioner could offer at that time.

 

 

Sarah Harding, in Machik’s Complete Explanation, describes the underlying purpose much more eloquently:

“All visualized symbols, whatever other significance they hold are… understood as embodiments of the empty essence or primordial purity that is considered their true nature. Engagement with these symbols is aimed primarily at gaining access to this reality, which the practitioner learns to recognize as the actual substance of all symbols.” [7]

 

Stunning visualizations such as deities in yabyum—symbolic of the union of wisdom (female) and compassion (male) — were often misunderstood. The symbolism is profound and universal. Deity yoga visualization is growing in popularity in the West.

Stunning visualizations such as deities in yabyum—symbolic of the union of wisdom (female) and compassion (male) — were often misunderstood. The symbolism is profound and universal. Deity yoga visualization is growing in popularity in the West. Depicted here is Heruka in an embrace with Vajrayogini.

 

Loosening Preconceptions: Psyche and Soma

Rob Preece, a practising psychotherapist, explains it from a different, more Westernized perspective: “When we enter the world of Tantra, we may need to loosen some of our preconceptions about the nature of reality. We begin to inhabit a twilight world where the distinctions between the material and the symbolic are less defined. We discover that psyche and soma, the unconscious and matter, are in an interrelationship. The tantric view of reality does not make such solid differentiation between them; they are simply two reflections of the same ultimate nature. In the West, we habitually make a clear distinction between spirit and matter, whereas in the East these two are not separated.” [2]

 

Unique to Vajrayana are advanced and highly detailed visualizations of the "Field of Merit." The meditator tries to create and hold a vision of the lineage of buddhas, bodhisattvas, lamas, sages and mahasiddhis right back to Shakyamuni Buddha (here shown in the centre.) Then, mentally, we prostrate and make offering to the visualized gurus and deities. Such strenuous visualization trains and disciplines the mind, while also creating the conditions for positive merit.

Unique to Vajrayana are advanced and highly detailed visualizations of the “Field of Merit.” The meditator tries to create and hold a vision of the lineage of buddhas, bodhisattvas, lamas, sages and mahasiddhis right back to Shakyamuni Buddha (here shown in the centre.) Then, mentally, we prostrate and make offering to the visualized gurus and deities. Such strenuous visualization trains and disciplines the mind, while also creating the conditions for positive merit.

 

Which brings me back to the great Lama Yeshe, who taught that once deity yoga is mastered, “The pure penetrative awareness cuts through relative obstacles and touches the deepest nature of human existence. At that moment of experience there is no conceptual labeling by the dualistic mind; at that moment there is no Buddha or God, no subject or object, no heaven or hell.” [1]

If the goal is to glimpse the “ultimate” and help use comprehend emptiness, why actually foster the practice of visualizing deities?

 

The very embodiment of emptiness — Prajnaparamita.

The very embodiment of emptiness — Prajnaparamita.

 

 

Rising Popularity of Deity Practice

Therefore, the question is, why is deity visualization rising in popularity in the modern, scientific age? One common answer, overly simplistic, is that the language of mind, and particularly subconscious, is a symbol. Deities are visualized (created) as symbols. In the language of Carl Jung, deity symbols are part of the “collective unconscious” of society.

Carl Jung, the great psychiatrist made extensive references to the powerful symbolism in Vajrayana, and religion generally: “Metaphysical assertions, however, are statements of the psyche, and are therefore psychological. … ” [3]

Jung summarized his own thoughts on universal symbols, subconscious and deities this way:

“We are so captivated by and entangled in our subjective consciousness that we have forgotten the age-old fact that God speaks chiefly through dreams and visions.” [4]

 

Vajrakilaya is a popular Yidam

Vajrakilaya is the fierce aspect of Vajrasattva, and is treasured for very powerful karma purification practices. Here, Vajrakilaya is shown with consort.

 

Stopping Ordinary Perception

A defining characteristic of Vajrayana and Tantra, and one of the many goals of Deity Yoga is “stopping ordinary perception.” Brian Hafer, Department of Religion Duke University, put it this way: “The Vajrayana school of Buddhism has been characterized as stopping perception… This is done by adopting a standpoint of having already achieved the goal and of one’s already being a Buddha as opposed to striving along the path towards enlightenment. Practices involving the adopting of the goal as the path are called Tantrayana, or the Effect Vehicle… The practices of Tantra are referred to as deity yoga because of the adoption of the viewpoint of having already achieved the goal (i.e. one’s already being a enlightened deity.)” [5]

 

One of the most popular deity practices is Green Tara, the mother of all Buddhas. The female emanations of deity represent wisdom. Thangka by Jampay Dorje. (See our story on Jampay Dorje here>>)

 

Still, to scholars, or other Buddhists, Tibetan Buddhism might appear superstitious, especially given that “in Tibetan Buddhism, there is far more literature describing how to appease gods and demons, than there is on how to recognize them as nonexistent.” [7] Sarah Harding, introducing Machik’s Complete Explanation, clarifies:

“Are these two approaches contradictory, or meant for different elements of society: the ‘simple folk and the lamaist elite’ as David Neel calls them? I think not. Rather, these two approaches reflect the universal Buddhist instruction on dealing with all perception: to recognize it as inherently empty, and to apply skilful means…”

Deity yoga is not the only visualized method used to “stop ordinary perception.” Chod practice visualizes demons, spirits, and ghosts. “This is because all humans, each of us, must come to terms with the demons of fear, aggression, temptation, ignorance, and their cohorts if we are to live a free and sacred life, ” according to Jack Cornfield in his introduction to Tsultrim Allione’s Feeding Your Demons. [8] Where Chod “makes friends with your demons”, deity yoga asks you to “become the deity.” Both practices engage and stimulate Mind.

 

Vajrasattva is a foundation deity practice renowned for purification of body, speech and mind.

Vajrasattva is a foundation deity practice renowned for purification of body, speech and mind.

 

 

“Only in the Mind”?

It is easy to jump to the conclusion that deity visualization is strictly in the realm of dreams or “only in the mind.” In fact, another underlying purpose of deity visualization is to come to understand that “these two separate worlds… internal and external were one continuous seamless whole” [7] and that even mind itself is empty of inherent existence.

To help facilitate this understanding, a key goal of deity yoga is to cultivate bodhicitta, particularly “ultimate bodhicitta” that “perceives the emptiness (sunyata) of inherent existence of all phenomena.” [5] Emptiness is one of the most important teachings of Buddhism, and also one of the most difficult to understand. Deity visualization takes the practitioner beyond intellectualizing the concept of Emptiness.

 

A stunning thangka of Lord Manjushri by Jampay Dorje.

 

“The deities of the Tantric Vehicle’s extensive pantheon, the male and female personifications of psychic processes as herukas and dakinis, are ‘produced’ by the yogi through the practice of controlled visualization until their reality overshadows that of the superficial apparent world,” according to the commentary in In Songs of Tibet’s Beloved Saint Milarepa. [6]

In fact, the yogi transforms not just the self to deity, but also the environment into the mandala (divine realm) of the deity. Divine pride develops as the visualization as deity becomes more and more vivid until it seems “real.”

 

Vajrayogini practice is a highest yoga tantra practice, suitable for advanced practitioners.

Vajrayogini practice is a highest yoga tantra practice, suitable for advanced practitioners.

 

The commentary continues: “When the reality of the apparent world has been overshadowed by the intensity of his realization, the yogi then enters the completion phase, where the illusory nature, or voidness, of his visualization, can be realized, and with it, the [emptiness] of the ordinary, apparent world. This is due to the fact that the apparent world is by nature an illusory ‘visualization’ derived from compulsive attachment to ingrained perceptions about the nature of things.”

The nineteenth century Tibetan guru Jamgon Kongtrul explained it this way:

“All phenomena of cyclic existence or transcendence, included within both appearance and mind, have no reality whatsoever and therefore arise in any way whatsoever.” [7]

The great Yogini Machik, the founder of Chod further clarifies: “When you realize that everything is mind, there is no object to be severed elsewhere. When you realize the mind itself as empty, severance and severer are nondual.” [7]

Other Benefits of Deity Practice

These lofty goals of Deity practice often overshadow the more mundane, but helpful benefits. “Visualizing yourself as a deity, as Tara or any deity, is very powerful. It’s a healing,” explained Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, the spiritual head of Gaden for the West, and Gaden Choling Toronto. [8] Zasep Rinpoche said, “we are the creators of our own suffering. Everything depends on our own mind.” [10]

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche spiritual head of Gaden for the West and Gaden Choling Toronto.

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche spiritual head of Gaden for the West and Gaden Choling Toronto.

The healing, from a Buddhist perspective, has to do with engaging the mind in purifying negativities. Or, put another way, putting cutting suffering at the source. It is the mind that forms attachments. It is at the level of mind we cut attachments that trap us in the endless cycle of suffering.

Venerable Lama Phunstok, during a White Tara empowerment, said: “All problems—sufferings, sicknesses, and diseases arise from thoughts that are based upon attachment, aversion, and ignorance as to the way things really are. It is said again and again that the worst obstacle is the third—concepts and thoughts. We continually think that we want to be happy and be free from suffering; we therefore never stop wanting more and more and as a result increase our attachment and aversion.”

Deity practice, in part, helps us to purify our minds by identifying with the perfect ideal of the enlightened mind. The health benefits are supported by a recent study from the National University of Singapore concluded that Vajrayana deity meditation significantly improves cognitive performance and health. The study concludes that even one session of Vajrayana deity visualization meditation brings immediate cognitive improvements. (See full story here>>)

A related technique, Chod visualization practice also has significant health benefits. “It is a well-known therapeutic technique. Chod certainly functions at this level where it can be very useful as a therapy. It is currently being taught… as a psychological technique for working with fear.” [7]

Deity is You, You Are Deity

Although deity yoga seems complicated, and it does require a teacher to benefit, it is also one of the easiest ways to explore and tame our own minds. The language of the mind, ultimately, at the higher levels of conceptualization, and at the deeper levels of the subconscious, expresses in the language of symbols, not labels. Deity yoga seems both profound and simple. In the words of Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche:

“The deity is you and you are the deity. You and the deity arise together. Since samaya and wisdom are nondual, there is no need to invite the deity… self emanated and self-empowered, Awareness itself is the Three Roots.” [11]

NOTES

[1] The Bliss of Inner Fire: Heart Practices of the Six Yogas of Naropa, “Arising as a Divine Being” Lama Thubten Yeshe

  • Publisher: Wisdom Publications (June 10, 2005)
  • Publication Date: June 10, 2005
  • Sold by:Simon and Schuster Digital Sales Inc
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 086171136X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0861711369

[2] The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra, Robert Preece

  • Paperback: 276 pages
  • Publisher: Snow Lion; 1 edition (November 8, 2006)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559392630
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559392631

[3] Psyche and Symbol (1958), Carl Jung, p. 285

[4] The Symbolic Life (1953)

[5] Is Deity Yoga Buddhist? The Philosophical Foundations of Tantric Practice, by Brian T. Hafer, Duke University Department of Religion, Latin Honors Thesis, April 30, 1997.

[6] Drinking the Mountain Stream: Songs of Tibet’s Beloved Saint, Milarepa by Jetsun Milarepa. Wisdom Publications; Rev Sub edition (Feb. 8 2013) ISBN-10: 0861710630 ISBN-13: 978-0861710638

[7] Machik’s Complete Explanation: Clarifying the Meaning of Chod, Snow Lion; Expanded edition (May 14 2013)

  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559394145
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559394147
  • [8] Feeding Your Demons, Tsultrim Allione Little, Brown and Company; 1 edition (April 8 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 9780316013130
  • ISBN-13: 978-0316013130

[9] Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche speaking during a 10 day Tara retreat in Nelson, B.C.

[10] Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche at a 2013 Lojong Seven-Point Mind Training retreat at Gaden Choling Toronto

[11] Deity, Mantra and Wisdom: Development Stage Meditation in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra, by Jigme Linpa, Patrul Rinpoche and Getse Mahapandita. Snow Lion (May 11 2007)

  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559393009
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559393003

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Tsa Lung Trul Khor, Yantra Yoga and Qigong — supercharging Buddhist meditation (8 videos)

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The subtle body.

Tsa Lung Trul Khor is an ancient practice with a 4,000-year lineage that works with the “breath” and the energy subtle body. With similar benefits to health as Chi Gong (Qigong) — the Tibetan Buddhist practice of Trul Khor is profound — in a spiritual sense — since subtle mind rides on the “winds” or breath. The practices are typically thought of as the most advanced teachings — yet simplified versions of Qigong, Trul Khor and Yantra Yoga can be practiced by “everyone, independent of their views, ideals, aspirations, and capacities.” [2]

By working with breath, and energy — both vital aspects of most styles of meditation — these practices have the potential to “supercharge” your daily sessions. Watching the breath takes on new significance. Tantric visualizations become more intense and blissful. And, of course, the energy helps us avoid sleepy or unfocused meditations.

There are easy and difficult routines, suitable for any level of student. [See some video routines below, short and long, easy, and difficult.] There are health and mundane benefits, as well as profound meditational benefits (see list below, for the more mundane benefits.)

Qigong, of course, evolved from Daoist (Taoist) ancient spiritual practices — in the same way Tsa Lung Trul Khor and Yantra Yoga evolved from Vajrayana practices. Both work with the subtle energies and mind through movement, meditation, visualization and concentration.

 

Tsa Lung Trul Khor and Gigong both work with visualized Chi and energies and use a combination of movement, meditation, visualization and, sometimes, mantra.

 

Today, most modern practitioners do not work with the goal of “Enlightenment,” but rather, with the more mundane health benefits in mind. Since Qigong, and Tsa Lung Trul Khor, work with the same meridians and energy body as acupuncture, the health benefits are “built-in.” Yantra Yoga is no different in this respect. There is also a Nyingma tradition of “Tibetan Qigong” as taught by Zi Sheng Wang, and many similar yogas taught by other schools. [4]

Lama Tsultrim Allione, author of Feeding Your Demons, explains the deeper practices:

“Yantra Yoga is a profound movement practice that encompasses the coordination of the breath with movement in a way that creates flexibility and harmony within the whole being. Transmitted in an authentic lineage from an ancient tantra, this practice is amazingly beneficial.”[1]

The great Dzogchen teacher Chogyal Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche.

The great teacher Chogyal Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche who is perhaps the best-known teacher of Yantra Yoga [5] described the practice as “one of the oldest of this kind of teaching, because it comes from Vairotsana. Vairotsana was a student of Padmasambhava. So, it is a very old, and very important… it is not only at the physical level. Yantra Yoga is very much related to movement. Movement is very much related to our energy level… mind is dependent also on energy…” [3]

[Website for International Dzogchen Community Chogyal Namkhai Norbu>>]

Profound journey— or simple exercise? Both.

Tsa Lung Trul Khor — like Daoist qigong — can be a simple exercise with immediate health benefits — as evidenced by many simple-to-practice self-help videos (including some in this story) — or it can be pursued as one of the most advanced meditations in Tibetan Buddhism. There are also significant Tibetan Yogas from the Bon Tradition.

 

Body meridians mapped out according to TCM and acupuncture. Tsa Lung Trul Khor and Qigong work with this subtle body and channels, building up positive Chi and energy.

 

Inside a new book on Gelug Mahamudra by H.E. Zasep Rinpoche: Illustrations of inner body visualizations for advanced Tantric Mahamudra. Available on Amazon>>

To Dzogchen and Mahamudra practitioners, it is an advanced, penultimate practice, going beyond contrived and conceptual mind. To other Vajrayana Tibetan Buddhists, it is a superb way to energize and loosen up the body — whether you work with meridians and channels, or not — prior to a long seated session of Mahamudra or Deity Yoga, or other practices. And, for people simply in pursuit of age-friendly (i.e. all ages) vitality and stress-reduction practices — or the medical aspects of Yantra Yoga — it is a safe way to improve health, with benefits similar to Qigong.

With or without the profound Mahamudra and Dzogchen aspects, the relatively easy-to-practice Yantra Yoga — at least, at the beginner level — has immense health benefits. Like Chi Gong (Qigong), it works with Chi (in Tibetan “Lung”) with similar benefits in terms of collecting universal energies, cleansing impurities, and boosting health, longevity, and energy. The movements are slow, careful, meditative — much like Tai Chi — with mundane benefits such as good health, flexibility, muscle strength, balance and control. The breath aspects are unparalleled for stress-reduction.

An important teacher of Tsa Lung in the Bon tradition is Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, the founder of the Ligmincha Institute. He wrote many books, including Awakening the Sacred Body, Tibetan Yogas of Breath and Movement. Here is a demonstration of Tsa Lung from Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche who makes it look “easy”:

 

 

Like Qigong, Tsa Lung Trul Khor can be as simple as one or two exercises, or as complicated as the full 108 traditional asanas, complete with mantras, breath work (pranayana) and visualizations. It dates back thousands of years, like older roots than Qigong.

A very simple “Tibetan Buddhist Qigong” movement that almost anyone could manager, and which can be completed in six minutes, an excellent precursor to other Buddhist Meditations, here, presented by Kay Luthi, a student of Vajrayana Master Zi Sheng Wang:

 

 

Practicing simplified Tsa Lung Trul Khor — or Daoist Qigong — are beneficial as “workouts” leading to advanced practices such as the Six Yogas of Naropa, and Mahamudra, or Dzogchen practices.

The eight movements of Yantra Yoga

The “eight movements of Yantra Yoga” as taught by the great teacher Namkhai Norbu, could benefit anybody (a one hour video, with introduction by the teacher, and a full routine demonstrated from the Shang Shung Institute — although as demonstrated, this requires flexibility:

 

 

Daoist Qigong — easier to find routines and teachers

Tibetan Qigong.

It may be easier to find a teacher or online routine that resonates with your level of ability from Taoist lineage. Many meditators can find local Chi Gong (Qigong) classes, or can simply watch and learn from simple online videos. This is certainly highly beneficial to any meditative practice, Buddhist or otherwise. Increasing flexibility, energy, chi and concentration are all benefits of Qigong. A simplified Qigong 3-movement session — for example, the one below — is highly beneficial before a long seated meditation of any Buddhist tradition.

Note: as always, seek medical or health professional advice if you have any health conditions before engaging in a new physical practice. There are also specific versions of most routines for physically limiting conditions such as arthritis, such as seated Qigong. (See below.)

Wei Chi — protection practice

One helpful practice for anyone engaging in Deity Yogas or advanced Tantric Buddhism might be a short introductory Wei Chi routine.

Although it’s Chi Gong, the principles are universal. It works on building your “protective energy” for mind-protection — that bubble of Chi energy that can protect you. Here’s a helpful and easy-to-lear routine from Nick Loffree:

Qigong starter routines

A really great starter routine, or for someone less mobile —either with health restrictions, such as arthritis — might benefit from the short and very simple, clear, elegant videos of Jeffrey Chand — all of his videos are great and approachable — for example, this ten-minute video:

 

For example, this less-traditional westernized Qigong for Beginners video from the energetic Nick Loffree is a great twenty-minute warm up to meditation and should enhance chi and energy levels:

 

Full one-hour Qigong

Or, if you’re ambitious, here’s an easygoing, but long 1 hour Qi Gong class from the Qi Gong Chi School:

For someone with mobility limitations

For someone with knee or mobility issues, routines can be adapted to sitting in a chair; for example, this routine by Jeffrey Chand:

 

 

Source and Lineage

The lineage of the traditional Yantra Yoga teaching spans 4,000 years, predating Buddhism itself. Dzogchen Yoga or Trul-Khor is the system which came down unbroken through oral transmission from Zhang-Zhung Nyen Gyu lineages. The eminent Dzogchen teacher, Namkhai Norbu was, perhaps, the biggest western proponent of what he preferred to call Yantra Yoga (the Sanskrit term.) Of course, it derives from Vayu breath work and yogas of the early Indian Mahasiddas. Like all yogas, the roots are ancient, predating Buddhism. Likewise, Qigong in China has ancient lineage in Taoist traditions.

The more “westernized” Tibetan Qigong may have a shorter unbroken lineage, but is quite approachable for a western student. According to the Monterey Bay Holistic Alliance, the physical benefits of Tibetan Buddhist Qigong:

Benefits to the Physical Body

  1. Yantra Yoga from a video by Yantrayoga.net.

    Adjusts & balances the immune system

  2. Clears meridians
  3. Circulates and balances nutrients and minerals
  4. Purifies and expels toxins
  5. Increases strength and flexibility
  6. Corrects metabolism
  7. Improves blood circulation and heart function
  8. Prolongs life
  9. Restores youthful vitality
  10. Boosts energy levels and stamina
  11. Balances blood pressure
  12. Adjusts and improves the functioning of all organ, systems

Benefits to the Mind

  1. Modern-style Qigong with popular teacher Nick Loffree.

    Promotes relaxation to reduce stress

  2. Enhances intellectual power and concentration
  3. Increases creativity
  4. Diminishes disturbing emotions
  5. Achieves and maintains inner peace
  6. Improves meditation
  7. Strengthens self-discipline
  8. Promotes happiness & a positive outlook on life
  9. Awakens compassion
  10. Opens the mind to higher realms of consciousness and wisdom
  11. Elevates and strengthens the quality of one’s virtue
  12. Brings out unexpressed potential & supernormal abilities
  13. Elevates spirituality

An important source text for Trul Khor is:

Tibetan: འཕྲུལ་འཁོར་ཉི་ཟླ་ཁ་སྦྱོར་གྱི་དགོངས་འགྲེལ་དྲི་མེད་ནོར་བུའི་མེ་ལོང, Wylie: ‘phrul ‘khor nyi zla kha sbyor gyi dgongs ‘grel dri med nor bu’i me long

NOTES

[1] Review for Chögyal Namkhai Norbu’s book Tibetan Yoga of Movement: The Art and Practice of Yantra Yoga
[2] New York Journal of Books review of Chögyal Namkhai Norbu’s book Tibetan Yoga of Movement: The Art and Practice of Yantra Yoga
[3] From an interview (video) with BuddhaDoor.
[4] Tibetan Qigong by Master Zi Sheng Wang
[5] Yantra Yoga website from the Dzogchen tradition of Chogyal Namkhai Norbu.

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Tara, the Saviour, and Vajrayogini the Sarvabuddhadakini: how are they different, and how are they the one? The importance of Female Buddhas: Wisdom personified

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Vajrayogini “is the original and prototypical female Buddha of the Tantric pantheon… compassionate, all-knowing, and supremely blissful… Vajrayogini reigns supreme as the Sarvabuddhadakini, ‘Dakini Whose Essence is That of All Buddhas.’” [2]

On the other hand, Tara appears as the Divine Mother, the Female Buddha who can save sentient beings — who cares for us ferociously as our own mother would — the Saviour Buddha. Both are “action-oriented”: Green Tara with her one leg extended, ready to leap to the aid of her followers, and Vajrayogini who dances in the bliss of Shunyata, to show us the way to Enlightenment.

Most teachers and practitioners see Tara and Vajrayogini as different aspects of the same Enlightened Body, Speech and Mind — the same Ultimate Truth. The key differences are in visualized aspects, and practice emphasis. Vajrayogini, for example, embraces the important concept of “bliss.” [See section on bliss, below.]

His Holiness Sakya Trizin explains: “In order to help different types of people and situations, the Buddha takes different forms. Some yidams are in wrathful form, some yidams are in peaceful form, and some yidams are female deities, like Tara. Yidams are different forms of the Buddha.” [4]

Vajrayogini and Green Tara can be thought of as two aspects of the Wisdom Female Buddha.

Different aspects of Wisdom

In explaining the differences between these aspects of Buddha, His Holiness describes Green Tara:

Tara is a lower tantric practice, generally, although Chittimani Tara is a Highest Yoga practice. Lower Tantra does not imply it is less important than Higher Tantra. Tara is a beloved Female Buddha, the active protector.

“Tara is more for helping develop common siddhis [someone who has attained enlightenment or a paranormal power possessed by a siddhi], for instance, to prevent disasters and to protect you from evil on the path. If you use it for your own personal benefit, that is not the right way. It is for achieving the ultimate goal and helping all beings. You need a long life and wealth and health for that. If you are involved in Tara’s blessings for that reason, that is the right idea, but it is not just for the worldly benefits. It’s like asking a great emperor to sweep the house.”

On the other hand, they are also clearly the same. His Holiness explains:

“Actually these deities are … the manifestation, of the ultimate truth. The female deities are more on the wisdom side and the male deities are more on the method [compassion] side. But the ultimate, actual transcendental knowledge of wisdom is the complete union of these two things. So they are not really separate.”

It is the Female Buddha’s role as “wisdom personified” that not only makes Her practice important but also leads to the vast diversity of symbolism between Her many aspects.

Divine Mother or Blissful Wisdom?

Robert Beer’s beautiful Vajrayogini mandala. (Low resolution: please visit http://www.tibetanart.com for information on high resolution images)

While most Vajrayana Buddhists categorize the different aspects of Buddha as one of four classes of Tantra — described this way, in part, to emphasize the practice emphasis — scholars tend to categorize Tara as a Mahayana practice and Vajrayogini as a Tantric practice.

His Holiness Sakya Trizin points out that Tara can be found in all four classes of Tantra, “whereas Vajrayogini is only in Anuttara Yoga Tantra, which is the highest class of Tantra. They are both, in reality, Prajna Paramita, or the ultimate transcendental wisdom, but in form they are very different. The main emphasis of Vajrayogini, of course, is only achieving enlightenment for the benefit of others.”

Tara is unique, as she was the first Mahayana deity to explicitly be titled a “Female Buddha.” Scholars, such as Miranda Shaw tend to place Tara within the broader Mahayana practices, and Vajrayogini (Vajravarahi) within the Tantric Vajrayana influence. She draws a clear line of demarcation — one scholars are more likely to do, than practitioners:

“A clear line of demarcation can be drawn in the… two classes of female deities. The female divinities featured in Mahayana practice are primarily… divine mothers and Dharani (mantra) goddesses. They are… supplicated and invoked as saviouresses who are tremendously evolved and have extraordinary powers for helping and liberating others… In Tantric tradition, the sacred female completed her ascent and attained the highest stature possible in Buddhism, namely Buddhahood….”

Serene and motherly; or ferociously compassionate?

She goes on, in a scholarly way, to compare iconographic conventions: “The iconography of Vajrayoini, and indeed all Tantric Female Buddhas differs markedly from the goddess characteristic of the Mahayana… Mahayana divine females are usually shown in a regal seated posture, modestly and sumptuously clothed in silken raiment, draped with jeweled adornments, and elaborately coifed… Their faces glow with maternal warmth and compassion, while their attributes reflect their specific ministrations and liberative activities. The noteworthy exception to this pattern is Tara, who is explicitly recognized and titled as a Buddha…”

“In contrast, Tantric Buddhas such as Vajrayogini have a more dynamic passionate persona… Their faces exhibit intense concentration and even ferocity. Their bodies are unclothed, and their hair unbound in the fashion of female ascetics and yoginis. Their bone ornaments betoken a nondualistic outlook and familiarity with the charnel ground, while their handheld attributes allude to their attainment of supreme bliss and wisdom.”

His Holiness Sakya Trizin describes the symbolism

His Holiness Sakya Trizin

His Holiness the Sakya Trizin, describes them with similar language: “Actually, Vajrayogini has many different forms, but the one we normally use is in between wrathful and peaceful. She is usually in the red color, with one face and two hands holding a curved knife and skull cup filled with nectar and she is adorned with bone ornaments. All these different ornaments and objects have many very deep meanings. The curved knife usually represents the fact that she cuts all defilements. The cup represents what in Sanskrit is called mahasukha, which means “the great bliss.” She is in a complete state of great bliss all the time.

“Tara usually has her right hand in what we call the “giving gesture.” She is bestowing siddhis on all beings. The left one is holding the utpala flower, which represents the many qualities of the Buddhas.” [4]

Practice differences

The 21 forms of Tara include White Tara and Green Tara, among the most beloved deities in Tibetan Buddhism.

While Tara is famous for her many practice and meditational forms — 21 Taras, 108 Taras, White Tara, Green Tara, and her Highest Yogic aspect Chittamani Tara — Vajrayogini is equally diverse, but in a strikingly different way. She can be the consort (representing Wisdom) of many Buddhas: Chakrasamvara, Hayagriva, and many others. Tara can be found in all of the four classes of Tantra yogas, while Vajrayogini is only found in the Highest Yogic practices. Tara is famously associated with praises and supplications for aid in our daily lives and practices; Vajrayogini is, on the other hand, most notably associated with supreme practices such as the Six Yogas of Naropa, the Eleven Yogas of Vajrayogini, and, of course Tummo — all advanced practices.

Both Tara and Vajrayogini are also known for their mantras. Tara’s mantra, Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha, is chanted by millions around the world, and is well known for its effectiveness. A practice of Tara can be simply that — her mantra. Likewise, Vajrayogini is well known for the practice of her mantra — which is not published here, as it’s best to have initiation and instruction into her practice first. Vajrayogini’s practice is also considered a powerful, complete practice. This is somewhat unique amongst Highest Yoga Tantra deities. Chanting Vajrayogini’s mantra can lead to Enlightenment if chanted by a person of complete faith.

In other words, their mantras, just like their aspects, have different aspects and emphasis, but they are the same at the core. Tara, as a Buddha found in all four classes of tantra, is diverse, and can help us in many ways. Vajrayogini tends to be more focused almost on Enlightenment. Her dance transcends mundane concerns. But, she is still a mother, who loves her children, and there are countless stories of her saving and helping her followers. Her approach may be more dynamic and fierce, but she is still, in essence, the Female Buddha.

A different type of saviour

While Tara might save a man drowning in the river, Vajrayogini is seen as a saviour in a different way.

This complex thangka depicts the various lineage masters going all the way back to Buddha Vajradhara, who is actually Buddha Shakyamuni is tantric form. At the upper left are the main tantric deities – Yamantaka, Heruka Chakrasamvara and Guhyasamaja. At the upper right are the Buddhas of the past and present – Krakucchanda, Kasyapa and Shakyamuni. At the bottom left are the three long-life deities – Amitayus, Namgyalma and White Tara. At the bottom right are Chenrezig, Manjushri and Vajrapani, who, taken together can be said to represent Lama Tsongkhapa, the great 14th century Tibetan scholar and saint who is an emanation of these three great Buddhas. Below Vajrayogini are two Dharma Protectors – 4-faced Mahakala (a wrathful emanation of Heruka) and Citipati, the special Protector for Vajrayogini practitioners.

For example, there is the story of the novice monk Kusali who saw a leper woman unable to cross the Ganges river. All the other monks ignored the sick woman, afraid of contagion, but he had compassion and carried her on his back across the river. Half way accross the river, he suddenly found himself bodily dangling in the air, rising above the river. In fact, the leper woman had been Vajrayogini, and by showing compassion, She took him immediately to her Pure Land, Kechara. There are numerous stories of Vajrayogini coming to her followers, and immediately taking them to her pure land.

Miranda Shaw explains: “Vajrayogini is, first and foremost, an enlightened being. She has attained full awakening and manifests a divine body that expresses her spiritual realizations, providing a model on which others may meditate in order to attain the same goal. As an enlightened being, Vajrayogini has attained both transcendent wisdom (prajna) and supreme bliss (mahasukha)… She possesses the five transcendent insights of a Buddha and the essences of spontaneously arising bliss.” [2]

The goal of Enlightenment — and the role of Bliss

The ultimate goal of Enlightenment remains the same in all practices, Tara, Vajrayogini and others. However, the yogi or yogini who practices Vajrayogini intensely focuses on the goal of Enlightenment through the introduction of bliss to help us embrace Emptiness without nihilism.

Gelek Rinpoche explained [5]:

“Emptiness is not a specialty of Vajrayana. Yidam meditation is part of Vajrayana, but is not the special quality of the Vajrayana. The special quality [that enhances the practice] really is the bliss.”

The great teacher Pabongka, put it this way:

“Within that bliss, the subtle primordial mind observes the object, emptiness. This is the most difficult, very subtle point of Vajrayana, the union of bliss and void.”

The most venerable late Gelek Rimpoche explained it with a stage-play metaphor:

“Let’s say I am the Vajrayana, I am sitting on the stage. If there is no stage, I can’t sit on the stage, right? The stage of Vajrayana is bliss and void. If there is no void, you have no stage. Bliss and void are the Vajrayana stage, the Vajrayana base. All the performances that are done in Vajrayana are done on the stage of bliss and void.” [5]

The feeling of bliss overlays everything in Vajrayana practice. Even when we describe the Purelands — which many people think of as a state of mind — we often use the word “bliss” to describe it. It’s peaceful and blissful. Not just blissful, but the ultimate form of bliss — an ecstatic, perfect bliss. Not a temporary bliss, like that of an orgasm, but permanent, sustained bliss that only comes from realizations of the true nature of reality.

NOTES
[1] Buddhist Goddesses of India (Hardcover) by Miranda Shaw
[2] Ibid, Chapter 18
[3] Precious Human Rebirth
[4] Interview with His Holiness Sakya Trizin: Understanding the Tantric Tradition’s 3 Major Deities: Trike Daily
[5] Cittamani Tara Teachings Gelek Rimpoche Jewel Heart Sangha (PDF)

The post Tara, the Saviour, and Vajrayogini the Sarvabuddhadakini: how are they different, and how are they the one? The importance of Female Buddhas: Wisdom personified appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Padmasambhava, the Lotus Born: “giving up idling and laziness” the importance of practicing incessantly and the path to self-discipline ; as recorded by Lady Tsogyal

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Padmasambhava, Guru Rinpoche, the Enlightened Padmakara, once taught Lady Tsogyal how to practice perfectly with self-discipline — basically, the message: I can’t do it for you. In the teaching, “The Crystal Garland of Faultless Practice”, the great and perfect Buddha taught the importance of overcoming laziness and “practicing incessantly” and — preferrably — in seclusion during sessions.

“If you wish to attain enlightenment within one lifetime but do not enter the path of self-discipline, the practice will not be taken to heart. It is therefore essential to engage in self-discipline.” Guru Rinpoche [1]

The teaching to the Lady Tsogyal, delivered at the hermitage Pearl Crystal of Pamagong, also stressed the importance meditations in seclusion — away from distractions. Today that would mean a closed door and a turned-off cell phone. A handy meditation cave would be nice, too.

 

Guru Rinpoche stresses the importance of alone time. Even if you can’t get away to a handy “meditation cave” a closed door and a turned-off cell phone is sometimes the best we can do.

 

To begin the teaching — classically, the student always asks the teacher for the teaching — the Lady Tsogyal asked Guru Rinpoche: “How does one enter the path of self-discipline?”

No success for the lazy and pretentious

The great master replied, ” When first practicing the Dharma, if you do not practice with self- discipline but are indolent, lazy, and pretentious, you will have no success.” Among other things, he strongly discouraged the daytime nap: “Do not sleep during the daytime. This will bring numerous defects so give it up by all means.

“In general, if you desire happiness, carry through with your Dharma practice, undertaking self-discipline and accepting unpleasant conditions. Divide your days and nights into parts and practice in measured sessions. Your happiness will then be long lasting. Keep that in mind!”

In answer to a follow up question from the Lady, he answers: “give up idling. Engage instead in Dharma activities such as making offerings to the master and the Precious Ones, making supplications and presenting tormas to the yidam, dakinis, and Dharma protectors.”

 

“No useless chatter”

Temple statue of the great Buddha Padmasambhava, the Lotus Born Guru Rinpoche.

In this day of social media, his advice to avoid “useless chatter” will likely not resonate, although clearly for someone in retreat it’s a must:

“Of all the distractions, the greatest is useless chatter. Consequently, unconnected empty talk is fatal to spiritual practice.”

Of course, in today’s culture, this would mean turning off the cell phone and computer when doing  daily practice — even if you are not in retreat — and letting the family know not to disturb during your meditations.

 

Practice purification and offering “incessantly”

Even the most advanced of practitioners can never submit to laziness and give up the basics of daily purification and offerings. He advises:

“You should do what is called “taking Dharma activities as one’s path.” That is, you should transform into an unconditioned path the Dharma activities of meditation, making offerings, circum-ambulation, making tsa-tsa and tormas, reading aloud, chanting, copying texts, and so forth. Perform these activities incessantly. Through clinging, tiredness, and so forth, you do not accomplish the main objective.”

Importance of mantra recitation

When not in retreat, he stressed that during practice-time itself, silence from non-Dharma chatter is imperative, and advised the minimum sessions of mantra

Incessant practice and mantra recitation are recommended by Guru Rinpoche.

recitations to keep uninterrupted from daily chatter: “When doing recitations, designate each of the three or four parts of the day a session, and vow to recite both day and night, at best one thousand, at the second best five hundred, or at least one hundred and eight recitations. Until completing that number, keep silence and do not interrupt your recitation with ordinary talk. In this way no obstacles will arise.”

Guru Rinpoche advises “do not allow your lips to be idle but continuously gather even single syllables of mantra. This is most important. Then at some point there will be accomplishment.”

If you do not have any other mantra, or as an appendix to your mantras, the great teacher recommends OM AH HUNG: “Of all types of recitation, recite the three syllables, OM AH HUNG, which are the essence of body, speech, and mind of all the sugatas. They are the most profound and all-inclusive. Therefore it brings great blessings to pledge to recite them or to append them at the head of all other mantra recitations.”

 

Guru Rinpoche, the Lotus Born, the second Buddha who brought Dharma to Tibet.

 

 

Bringing practice into daily life

To help avoid excuses, laziness and to further progress in understanding, Guru Rinpoche explains the importance of making daily life a Dharma activity:

“If you cannot mingle the Dharma with daily life activities, you will be fettered by the meditation session.”

Lady Tsogyal from a tangkha by Laura Santi.

When the Lady Tsogyal asked for clarity, he answered: “The dharmata devoid of constructs that you experience in your being while resting evenly in meditation should be put into practice in every situation during postmeditation; whether walking, moving around, lying down, or sitting. By never separating from this Dharma practice no matter what daily activity you perform, you will always remain in the state of dharmata. Thus your meditation will transcend sessions. In general, the meditator who imprisons his body and mind without applying the vital points of meditation is fettered by a chain. Keep that in mind!”

 

Importance of solitary time and retreat

To progress on the path, it is important to take some time for solitary retreat as well. Most Vajrayana teachers today advise at least one major retreat before we die, and ideally one retreat a year for serious practitioners — even if they are home retreats.

Guru Rinpoche explains, during retreat in particular: ” In general, much talk that is not Dharma practice or concerning Dharma is meaningless. There is no need for that. If you do not strive toward unexcelled enlightenment with your voice engaged in reciting and chanting after stopping ordinary talk, you are anyway like a mute. Keep that in mind!”

This is why, the master explained, the successful student who develops realizations seek out seclusion. For those who can, he recommends ” go to a retreat place such as a charnel ground, a highland area, a snow mountain, a remote hermitage, the dwelling place of a siddha, or a forest in auspicious months such as the seasons of summer and autumn, or on auspicious days such as the eighth day or the new and full moon days.”

He explains the normal methods of creating a retreat space, such as sweeping, making the seat, preparing a mandala and offerings and a shrine with “representations of enlightened body, speech and mind.” This is followed by preventing tormas.

“Giving up idling”

The point of retreat is, perhaps, more valid today than ever. In a private, alone-time retreat space, you give up the excuses to be lazy, to put off practice, and all the distractions of samsara.

“In the daytime you should train in regarding your perceptions as being dreams. That is to say, rest naturally and relaxed without correcting what appears. Leave your experience spontaneously free and open. Rest wide awake and without fixation. During evening time you should take awareness as the path. That is to say, heighten awareness at the close of day and rest alertly and wakefully without falling subject to drowsiness and stupor. At midnight mingle the state of deep sleep with dharmata and sleep in the state of nonthought. Apply the strong determination of thinking, I will recognize my dreams to be dreams! Through that you will be able to remember dharmata while dreaming and be liberated from elation or nightmare. At morning time you should take dharmata as path. That is to say, when you awake from sleep and your body feels at ease, bring dharmata to mind and practice this self-existing mindfulness without fixating, meditating, or slipping away into drowsiness. Do not give in to indulging in sloth and indolence, but practice wide awake while keeping the right measure of self-discipline.”

 

NOTES

[1] Padmasambhava Guru Rinpoche. Dakini Teachings (p. 138). Rangjung Yeshe Publications. Kindle Edition.

 

The post Padmasambhava, the Lotus Born: “giving up idling and laziness” the importance of practicing incessantly and the path to self-discipline ; as recorded by Lady Tsogyal appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Tantra is esoteric rather than exotic: embracing Samsara and Nirvana, and transforming our cravings

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The inspiration for this feature is a reader who wrote in to ask:

“What does Buddhist Tantra have to do with love-making?”

The short answer is, it doesn’t. In Buddhist Tantra, sex is no more important than any other activity:

“Making love, as we like to call it, is in itself no more profound than any other activity,” writes Robin Kornman. [7]

The longer answer, we tackle below, including a little controversy: the infamous self-described “Omnipotent Oom” Pierre Bernard (October 31, 1875 – September 27, 1955) who abused his position as a self-described tantric, to promote sex. [He wasn’t a Buddhist Tantric, but he made the term Tantra famous in the West.] In Buddhism, specifically, Tantra is associated either with Vajrayana, or Zen — but as a method, not as a sect or school. The majority of Vajrayanists or Zen practitioners do not practice Tantra.

The Psychology of Tantra — It brings practice into everyday living

Psychologist Rob Preece describes the benefits and uniqueness of Tantric methods:

“Tantra is the unfolding of a creative process, which occurs moment by moment in the act of manifestation and transformation. In this sense, we continually experience the process of creative transformation in every aspect of our lives.

Padmasambhava and consort. Padmasambhava, the second Buddha in Vajrayana, brought Buddhism to Tibet. He taught Tantric methods, to help tranform our untamed minds. His consorts were “wisdom Dakinis” symbolizing the important pairing of Compassion (Male Buddha) and Wisdom (Female Dakini.)

When the process unfolds naturally, as an expression of our true nature, we experience a flow of vitality in all we do. But when this process becomes stuck or blocked, we experience varying degrees of dis-ease and suffering… Each of us has the innate potential to awaken fully, and to give individual expression to our true nature in our lives. This potential is the seed of our Buddha nature, which, once awakened and allowed to manifest, can creatively enrich our lives. [9]

Tantra is creative and transformative

Tantra, then, is both a creative art and experience — we develop our imaginations, and “role play” almost like actors — but also a transformative, psychologically-grounded method. (If properly guided by a teacher.) But, before getting into what Tantra is, it’s important to wrestle with this incorrect persona of “Tantra” as “sexual.” Where sex is involved, it’s in the context of either symbolism, or tranformative process of an ordinary samsaric craving.

It’s important to separate the metaphor from the literal — a perspective issue in Western thinking according to Robin Kornman:

“The problem Westerners have in reading Buddhist tantra is that they cannot tell allegory from literal speech. In the nineteenth century, the West discovered the existence of Hindu and Buddhist tantra—paths that like Western alchemy emphasize transmutation of the ordinary into the spiritual. Tantric iconography includes representations of fornicating deities, usually with multiple heads and limbs (although strangely enough, their sexual organs are always true to life), and it was perhaps for this reason that Western scholars thought tantra had something to do with sex.”

 

The symbolism of Tantric images showing sexual union is the union of Enlightened Compassion (symbolized as Male Buddha) and Enlightened Wisdom (symbolized as Female Buddha.)

 

Tantra is about transformation, rather than supression

Tantric methods are about “transformation” rather than subjugation of those very things that trap us in Samsaric suffering. Joy, bliss, anger, greed, fear, and sex can all become attachments, even addictions. [Aha! There is sex!] Suppressing our cravings doesn’t work for everyone — which tends to be where Tantra steps in. By recognizing Samsara and Nirvana are inseparable, we find we can transform the negative emotions. It is this aspect of transformation, versus suppression, that has led many psycho-therapists to study and use some tantric methods.

Chakrasamvara Heruka and Vajrayogini are also Highest Yoga Tantra practices. Their imagery conveys the union of Compassion (Father) and Wisdom (Mother).

The great Lama Yeshe described Tantra this way:

“The same desirous energy that ordinarily propels us from one unsatisfactory situation is transmuted, through the alchemy of tantra, into a transcendental experience of bliss and wisdom. The practioner focuses the penetrating brilliance of this blissful wisdom so that it cuts like a laser beam through all false projections of this and that and pierces the very heart of reality.” [8]

Again, quoting from Robin Kornman’s excellent article:

Zen archery is another famously disciplined ritualistic activity that is also about “transmutation.” 

“Of course, one can make a big deal out of sex by giving it special attention. There are special tantric yogas which can transmute the mundane act of fornication into a meditation practice, but of course, everything can be transmuted that way. There are contemplative approaches to eating, to walking, to calligraphy, to, in fact, everything. There is a yogic way of taking a nap and a yogic way of decorating a room. Anything can be turned into a yogic exercise if it is given special attention. Dogen Zenji’s Shobogenzo even lays down regulations for dental hygiene.”

 

Renunciation and Transformation

Buddhist monks renounce many “ordinary activities” yet they practice transformatively in meditation and visualization. Here, they chant mantras.

Buddhist monks renounce sex — but they also renounce all ordinary activities. It’s not about sex, it’s about attachments, including food, money, power, fashionable clothes. They might eat one meal a day, given to them by lay people, following the example of the Bikkhus. However, it is important to understand that in Buddhism, sex is not seen as evil, but, simply as a normal craving to be overcome with discipline, concentration and meditation. Or, in the case of Tantra, with transormative meditation.

The Lay (non-monastic) Tantric Buddhist embraces ordinary activities as the path. Instead of “overcoming” cravings for pleasure, or trying to calm our anger, Tantra transforms them. The classic Tantra example is transforming Anger into the energy to practice. In a wonderful teaching “Wheel of Sharp Weapons” by Gelek Rimpoche, her explained:

“Mother beings and innocent beings are not fit to be the object of hatred or anger at all. On the other hand, negative emotions that are creating suffering, in particular the imposter ego, is fit to be the object of your hatred or anger.”

Yamantaka, among the most wrathful of the wrathful Enlightened deities, is a practice focused on tranforming anger into the path. All Tantric practices are about tranformation or transmutation of base desireous energies into an energy that can be used in our practice.

In other words, we transform our fury and hatred towards an object that can virtuously benefit from that directed power — in this case our own ego. Rimpoche adds, “When you use your hatred, etc. on the right object, the recognized enemy, even though you will not get rid of anger and hatred completely, doing that is transforming anger-hatred into the path. Using anger-hatred on the negativities is using anger-hatred as the path, while using it against living beings is negativity.”

Tantra everyday examples of transformation

Tantra practice is not really about the one hour in front of your shrine at night, generating Bodhichitta with your Yidam’s Sadhana. It is about carrying the Buddha Dharma into every moment of every day life. This is why in Higher Yogic Practices we have Yogas that take us through the entire 24-hour cycle of daily Samsara:

  • Sleeping Yoga [For a related story on Dreaming Yoga, see>>]
  • Rising or Awakening Yoga
  • Tasting Nectar Yoga (When eating a meal)
  • Generating as Yidam and other practices
  • Everyday Activities as Yoga: where we try to subtly visualize ourselves as Enlightened Deities throughout the day, as the Tantric texts say: “All sounds are Mantras, all beings are Buddhas…”

Certainly, we aren’t really manifesting as a six-armed Hayagriva througout the day, except in our own mindstreams. Yet, that awareness — in the same way as mindfulness (only, perhaps, more actively) keeps us aware of our Buddha Nature in those times when we need to transform a craving or anger or hate.

What do we mean? Every day life examples — which is where we practice actually Tantra — might be:

  • An angry “boss” at work might redirect his anger, remembering his meditations on Yamantaka (representing the transformation of anger) — and feel his anger transform into energy to meet the deadline. He will not to vent on his team members, but rather turn that furious energy into the power to make the deadline.
  • A lazy person might meditate on the wrathful energy of Hayagriva to inspire renewed motivation. He might turn his anger on himself — incinerating the laziness with the flames of enthusiasm to practice.
  • A person having lustful thoughts and considering an affair might transform these dangerous cravings with Vajrayogini practices. The Yogas of Vajrayogini are particularly effective in daily life.
  • A fearful person, incapacitated by fears, can find strength in Tara and Prajnaparamita — and the solice of Emptiness.

These are skilled practices, taking years of training and guidance by a teacher, but they are very effective.

Tantra: “Every ride in the amusement park”

Tantric Buddhists embrace Samsara as practice and ride “every ride in the amusement park” as a transformative and learning practice.

It is the non-duality of Samsara and Nirvana that empowers Tantra and Zen both — in different ways. Sasha Manu explains: “the journey of a Tantrika is a transformative process of experiencing the realm of duality in its fullest, and then transcending it. Whereas the Zen journey immediately attacks the misconceptions of Samsara and aims to quickly transcend all forms of dualistic thinking. Zen is taught from the perspective of Nirvana, teachings are predicated on Buddhahood being inherent within us. While Tantra is taught from within Samsara, with mastery of the phenomenal world leading to transcendence of it. This leads to the Tantric path being gradual and immersive, while Zen is simple and direct.” [6]

He also uses the humorous anecdote:

“A Zen pupil walks directly from the entrance of an amusement park to the exit, while the Tantrika goes on every ride before exiting.”

The problem is, not everyone can absorb the full experience by going directly to the exit — which is where Tantra excels. For those of us drowning in an ocean of passions and sensory thrills, Tantra can be the path that transforms the “thrill rides” into Wisdom.

The Tantric enhancement: Unity of Samsara and Nirvana

The best “concise” description, explaining the difference between Tantra and Mahayana generally — seems to be from an introduction to scholar Edward Conze’s Buddhist Texts Through the Ages explaining that

Haygriva is the wrathful emanation of the Compassionate Buddha Amitabha. His practice can help us tranform anger or hate into power, energy, and compassionate practice. For example, anger over famine in the world, transformed into the “energy” to actually do something to help.

Tantrists hold “their conviction that the truth was but a matter of inner realization, and that this was not to be found by fleeing from a world of which man is essentially part, but by comprehending it in its true condition and by continuing to live in it. This is what is meant [in the Tantras] by the unity of Samsara and Nirvana, which was for them the limit of perfection.” [5]

This is also expressed in the tantric expressions of “unity of Wisdom and Compassion” — as symbolized in the ultimate Tantric symbols of Bell and Dorje (Ghanta and Vajra). Unity and matrix is a core aspect of the meaning of Tantra (and the bell / Dorje):

  • Unity of Nirvana and Samsara
  • Indivisible Emptiness and Form
  • The inseparability of Wisdom and Compassion
  • Wisdom and Means joined
  • Six perfections of Wisdom (bell) and the five perfections of Means (five-spoked Dorje: generosity, morality, patience, perseverance, concentration.
  • For more on the Bell and Dorje symbolism, see this full feature>>

The entire tapestry of life in Buddhist Tantra: analogous to martial arts

A key element of Buddhist Tantra is practice. Another key element is the Guru. In this way, Tantra is directly analogous to martial arts: to excel in martial arts requires a teacher of known lineage and skills; and endless practice. In Tantra, the Guru is central, certainly, since to walk the path we must understand the path. Then, begins the long journey. One eminent teacher of Vajrayana, H.E. Zasep Rinpoche, joked about the endless practice and repetition in Vajrayana: “The Buddhas must be deaf.”

  • Clearly, then, practice in our daily lives is Tantra, especially:
  • Visualizing ourselves as Enlightened in our daily lives as a practice
  • Chanting mantras as verbal real-life practice
  • Daily “dissolving” of self into emptiness, and building back up into the mandala (Generation practice)

Over time, we begin to understand that Samsara and Nirvana are one, that what we are seeking is not separated from our daily lives. This also leads to an understanding, as explained by Venerable Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche that

Vajrayana is “an advanced skilful method that enables practitioners to become free of clinging to false notions and beliefs regarding inherent existence of appearances and experiences and therefore of an individual self.”

Tantra is esoteric rather than exotic: and very upliftingly positive

His Holiness the Dalai Lama teaching. Tantra always requires a teacher to properly practice and to avoid misunderstandings. Many teachers of lineage share their teachings to students who have sincere interest.

Tantra requires a teacher to avoid misunderstandings, but it is above all irresistibly blissful and wondrous. Instead of seeing Emptiness — not to be confused with Nihilism — through the lens of intellect or stillness, in Tantra see through the lens of “Expansiveness” and “Bliss — and, the participant is very engaged and active. Instead of trying to “empty our mind” or trying to remain permanently “mindful” we engage the mind in visualization. Today, sports coaches, psychotherapists and business leaders use visualization techniques, in much the same way as Tantra — except they visualize mundane aspirations.

Although Tantric Buddhists do engage in traditional Samatha and Vipassana meditation, the key point of difference in Tantra is the aspirational visualization guided by a teacher, incorporating the motivational power of “bliss.”

Unlike the sports coach, who teaches us to visualize the end goal of winning, in Tantra, we visualize ourselves as we would like to be — as future Buddhas. For these reasons, Tantra is irrepressibly cheerful in outlook because we undertake blissful visualizations. We see ourselves in a state of happy realization; no, we’re not there, yet, but we never stop trying. It’s like a dress-rehearsal for Enlightenment. Instead of analyzing concepts such as Emptiness, Bliss, Clear Light, or trying to achieve realizations through one-pointed focus or mindfulness, Tantrics engage in visualization and well-established rituals, dress-rehearsals of a script, based on methods established by a long-lineage of accomplished teachers.

Real life and Buddha Nature — Tantra embraces both

All beings have Buddha Nature.

Key to Tantra, as with Mahayana, is the concept that all beings, from ants to humans, have Buddha Nature. This directly relates to the idea of Samsara and Nirvana as one. You don’t look for enlightenment in denial — but in understanding the true nature of reality.

Although sex is a part of living and Samsara — and therefore appears in Tantra — for example in the concept of consorts representing, again, wisdom and means — it is not what Tantra is about. It’s part of what life is about, certainly, and therefore also a part of Tantra. Which brings us back to that sensationalist, Pierre Bernard.

Sensationalist Bernard misrepresented Tantra

Although the sensationalist Pierre Bernard (1875-1955) is credited with popularizing non-Buddhist Tantra in North America, he is also the main reason it is erroneously associated with sex, and other misunderstandings. He was notorious, charged with kidnapping teenage girls, and making sex a focus of his version of tantra. [More on him later, if you’re curious.]

Removing the sex from Tantra?

If removing the sex from Tantra makes it less alluring, it shouldn’t, since Tantra includes “all the rides,” including sex, and weaves “copious” methods designed to lead to “Liberation.” [The word Tan-Tra means Copious (Tan) and Liberation (Tra.) ] And, as explained, these “copious” methods embrace all of Samsara and Nirvana. The aim is transformation. A skilled practitioner can transform sexual attachments, addiction to joy, afflictions of anger, or any other attachment with Tantra.

Yes, there are sexual images in Buddhist thangkas. Again, quoting Robin Kornman:

“The sexual thangkas are just as allegorical as the thangkas that show wrathful deities sacrificing live animals and eating human flesh. If these things were even 1% literal, Buddhism would be a religion of enraged, horny maniacs.”

Tantra are ancient methods — not a single spiritual path limited to the Vedas, Hinduism or Buddhism — and while it may be exotic, it has nothing to do with sexual positions. It’s also not a “religion” or specific spiritual path, but rather a collection of methods — revolving around visualization, mantras and guru training and initiation. Tantra predates Buddha, going back to the Vedic era texts, including the Atharvaveda and Brahmanas. [1] The legendary root of it all was Shiva, the Adiyogi (not referring here to the god), the “first yogi” from 15,000 years ago. [2]

In Buddhism, Tantra is normally associated with the more advanced practices of Vajrayana or Zen. (Not all Vajrayana Buddhists or Zen Buddhists practice Tantra, any more than all Buddhist practice one form of meditation, such as Samatha.) Again, they are a collection of methods, taught by Guru, and normally including visualization and mantra, and a transformation of desires or emotions.

These practices trace through the ancient Mimamsa; later, broader Hinduism, Vajrayana and Zen Buddhism (both), and Daoism. Bernard, unfortunately, made it a “new age” sex thing, trivializing an important spiritual method.

Buddhist and Hindu Tantra

In legend, the great Lord Shiva “does not give any philosophical explanations, but instead gives very direct instructions on the methods to liberation. Siva Sutras and Vighyana Bhairava Tantra are popular texts that contain specific techniques to liberate the embodied soul from the limitations of the body and mind and experience his true blissful nature.” [2] Likewise, in Tantric Buddhism, the methods are pointed out by a Guru, explored by the individual Yogi, and focus on experiencing the “clear light of bliss.” Bliss is a central focus of Tantra — together with “direct pointing out by a Guru” — and herein may have been the initial confusion of Bernard. Sex, and bliss are not the same thing.

Why are Buddhist and Hindu Tantras similar? Even the visualizations and deities imagined — at first — seem similar. Of course, Buddhism developed from ancient Vedic philosophies. The words Dharma, Karma, Yoga, Tantra, Metta, Bodhichitta — these all pre-date Buddhism. Buddhism has a special focus, the goal of Enlightenment as taught by Shakyamuni Buddha, but it has roots in ancient Vedic religion. The methods may be similar, although the end goal is different. It should not surprise anyone that “seated meditation” and “Tantra” — often associated with Buddhism — are methods that pre-date the Buddha.

Then, what is Tantra?

Tantra’s copious methods also include Completion Stage practice. By working with the energies of the Inner body — a complex but subtle system, made up of three main channels (central, left and right) five main chakras with multiple branches (spokes) connected to a system of 72,000 nadis — the Yogi practices Bliss and Emptiness. Ultimately, in meditaiton, we work mainly with the three channels and the five main chakras.

Just as it is nearly impossible to properly define Zen, Tantra proves just as elusive. The English translation of the two syllables “Tan-Tra” is most commonly given as “Copious” (Tan) and Liberation (Tra.) It is certainly associated with understanding the true nature of reality (Tattva). Another definition of Tantra, a literal translation, can be “loom, warp, weave.” [1] This can refer to the “weaving” of different teachings and traditions together as a practice.

It could be said, that meditation is practiced by all spiritual paths in one way or another. Likewise, there are Tantric practices in many spiritual paths. The methods are similar, the destination is different.

Vajrayana Buddhism teaches, among other methods, Tantric methods, with that important goal of “Purifying one’s impure perception of all appearances and experiences,” according to His Eminence Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche the Third. Zen Buddhism also incorporates many Tantric methods.

The Omnipotent Oom — Bernard a.k.a. Perry Baker

Terms such as “Tantrism” — just like the misleading term “Lamaism” — are Western inventions of early scholars who did not understand the profound Tantras. Likewise, the association with “sex” is the invention or exaggeration of a controversial early American non-Buddhist “Yogi” who named himself Pierre Bernard (born Perry Baker, or Peter Coon, he kept his history secret) who dabbled in occultism, mysticism, business, and called himself “Oom the Magnificent” — sometimes “The Omnipotent Oom.” His teacher was Sylvais Hamati, who taught him hatha yoga. Bernard, the sensationalist, became famous when he invited surgeons to push needles through is cheek, lip and nostril, apparently without feeling pain. At one point he was charged in 1910, with kidnapping two teenage girls, Zella Hoppa and Gertrude Leo. He is credited with associating sex with tantra, a sensationalist spin that stuck. [3]

Historian of religion Robert C. Fuller has commented that Bernard’s “sexual teachings generated such scandal that he was eventually forced to discontinue his public promulgation of Tantrism. By this time, Bernard had succeeded in making lasting contributions to the history of American alternative spirituality.” [4]

According to scholar Andre Padoux, author of The Heart of the Yogini, “Tantrism” is a Western term and notion, not a category that is used by the so-called “Tantrists” themselves. [5]

Defining Characteristics of Tantra

Again according to Padoux, there is no consensus on what constitutes Tantra, but there are some defining characteristics — whether Buddhist or non-Buddhist:

  • Visualization of self as deities as a method to “overcome” the illusion of ordinary perceptions
  • Mantras are central as a focus (hence, the term Mantrayana in Buddhism)
  • Requires teaching and initiation, since the methods are easily misunderstood (for example, the incorrect association of Tantra with exotic sex methods.)

To this rather dry, scholarly definition, we would add Tantra practices transformation in everyday Samsaric life, recognizing all beings are Buddhas, and Samsara and Nirvana are non-dual.

 

An image from the Rubin Museum of Art. This classical Tangkha visualizes Compassion and Wisdom in embrace or union, symbolized by the Male of aspect of Enlightenment as Compassion (Means) and the Female aspect of Enlightenment as Wisdom.

 

 

NOTES
[1] Sir Monier Monier-Williams; Ernst Leumann; Carl Cappeller (2002). A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages. Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint of Oxford University Press 1899 version). p. 436. ISBN 978-81-208-3105-6.
[2] Tribute to the Ancient Yogi Shiva, The Yogic Way of Life
[3] About Pierre Bernard “Oom the Magnificent”
[4] The Life and Works of Theos Bernard
[5] Buddhist Texts Through the Ages, by Edward Conze, Introduction: Philosophical Library/Open Road
Release Date: December 2, 2014
Imprint: Philosophical Library/Open Road
ISBN: 9781497675834
Language: English
[6] There and Back Again: The Unity of Samsara and Nirvana in Tantric and Zen Buddhism by Sasha Manu
[7] Sex and Buddhism, Robin Kornman

[8] “Introduction to Tantra: A Vision of Totality” [1987], p. 37, Lama Yeshe

[9] Rob Preece. The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra (Kindle Locations 79-81). Kindle Edition.

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In Praise of the Vajrayana – A Brief Introduction to Buddhist Tantra

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

A feature article introducing profound Buddhist Tantra, from Jason Espada author of the book A Belief in the Miraculous.

I. The Skillful Means of the Mahayana

The Stages of the Path teachings [Note 1] cover the entire range of Buddhist teachings, from refuge, to teachings on liberation, to the Mahayana motivation and Wisdom. They conclude with reference to the Vajrayana, the ‘lightning’ or ‘diamond thunderbolt’ vehicle. We may wonder, if we have a compassionate motivation and right view, why we would need anything more. The answer that is offered is that Tantra is faster. It’s out of a sense of urgency that we would seek out and make use of these methods.

The wonderful teacher, Lama Lodro Rinpoche, always emphasizes in his commentaries on different practices that the Vajrayana are the skillful means of the Mahayana, and should not be considered apart from them.

Alexander Berzin writes that ‘Tantra is the method for putting all of the sutra practices together in an extremely efficient, holistic manner.’ [2]

Lama Lodro Tulku Rinpoche (right) with His Holiness the Dalai Lama.

And Beda Fredi said, ‘Mahayana is the philosophy, and Vajrayana is the practice.’ [3]

If we understand the view, and the powerful motivation of someone who wants to help others through awakening, then these prayers and practices make complete sense. They come naturally.

II. Sacred Outlook

Part of accessing these teachings, I know, involves a change in world view, from ordinary perception to what is called Sacred Outlook, or Pure Perception. [4] If Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are unknown to a person, and if they have a mundane view of themselves, and cling to that, then there’s not much of an entry point, but when we have some openness and faith, our experience changes, we begin to see the divine nature of this world, of ourselves and all others.

These methods work just as the traditions say they do. They help us to awaken greater wisdom and compassion, and the ability to help others.

 

A sacred outlook. These gigantic prayer wheels are filled with millions of Buddhist Mantras. They are spun by people with faith who send the good wishes to all sentient beings. Compassion and Bodhichitta are necessary in all Tantric practices.

 

III. Prerequisites – the foundations for practicing Buddhist Tantra

Guru RInpoche, the Lotus Born Buddha, brought Tantric Buddhism from India to Tibet.

Traditionally, in Sutrayana it’s said that there are different levels of motivation for those who want to get the most out of Buddhism. They are – aiming for higher rebirth, for liberation from samsara, and for enlightenment. Specifically then in the Vajrayana, renunciation, bodhicitta and right view are the basis for practice.

All of these are based on ethical living. Without one of these moving our mind and activity, our usual ego motivations are a cause of eventual suffering for ourselves and others.

This is why the renunciation of samsara, otherwise known as aiming for freedom, has been emphasized by compassionate teachers in general, but especially before taking up these methods.

Their reason is simply that if we only follow what our ego wants, and are not abandoning the common eight worldly dharmas, we’re just making trouble for ourselves, and in fact these techniques can make things even worse for us.

 

Vajrayana Tibetan Buddhism in particular places emphasis on the foundations — including education and debate. Here, monks participate in formal debate as part of monastic training.

 

A Belief in the Miraculous is a book by Jason Espada, available on Amazon>>

It’s been this way since the beginnings of ritual and people accessing forces beyond their usual sense of self – such methods have always been open to misinterpretation and misuse, but then they are not Buddhist practice.

It’s really tragic that by far the most common association with tantra these days is with the manipulation of sexual energies. I can’t speak to the traditions that teach this, except to refer to what Lama Yeshe says in his classic book, Introduction to Tantra, that

‘We may feel that since tantra is advertised as a way of utilizing desire, all we have to do is indulge our uncontrolled appetites or increase the number of desires we already have and we will be following the path of a true practitioner. Some people do have this attitude, but it is completely mistaken. We should never forget that if wallowing in desire were the same as practicing tantra, we would all be highly evolved tantric yogis and yoginis by now!’ [5]

The Vajrayana introduces us to levels of being and to a world view that are completely beyond our ordinary conceptions, and to our innate capacities. This is radically different from anything we may undertake from our ego’s perspective.

IV. Self Power and Other Power [6]

Even before we get to Vajrayana methods, in the Zen and Pure Land schools of Buddhism, the question of relying either on oneself, or on Another for spiritual development was worked with, and for some with receptivity, a way of combining the two has been taught. They say that we can do our own work on ourselves, greatly aided and inspired by the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, the saints and our own teachers. This is especially true when we practice Tantra, also known as Mantrayana.

V. Beyond Binary Thinking

The most common questions when it comes to the divine in the Vajrayana is whether these Bodhisattvas are within us, or outside, and whether they are our own true nature, or independent of us. Such binary thinking – to say – if it is this way, it can’t be that, and if it is that way, it can’t be this – in my view doesn’t apply when it comes to the activity of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas. From what I can tell, all the ways of receiving their benefit are true, without any contradiction. [7]

 

The “divine” in Buddhist Tantra goes being dualism and binary thinking. Here, a mandala of the Five Buddhas mapped against mind and the cosmos.

 

VI. All this becomes more clear in the practice.

I would say that all of the Buddhist teachings are what they call ‘self- revealing’. Without practicing, we may think we understand them, or speculate that something is or is not valid, but when we meditate and contemplate, pray and recite mantra, the results are self evident, both simpler and richer than anything we may have ever thought about them. The proof comes from the practice itself, and not otherwise.

 

Enlightened Tantric Deities — suited to “our own needs and temprament” help refine our practice. Green Tara is the rescuer, the mother of all the Buddhas and of all beings — Wisdom is mother — and she is known for her quick action on behalf of those who call her name for help. Om Tare Tuttare Ture Soha is Green Tara’s mantra.

 

VII. The characteristics of Buddhist Tantra

The Vajrayana is taught as ‘having few hardships, many methods, and for those with sharp faculties’. [8] When I think of all that people have accomplished using these methods, to heal and support people’s freedom from samsaric sufferings, I’m amazed, and filled with gratitude.

We are all so different, and there are different methods to meet our own needs and temperament. For some, at times Tara or Quan Yin is most accessible, comforting and inspiring; for others, Manjushri, or the Healing Buddha; Vajrasattva practice is one of the profound means of purification, and Avalokiteshvara or Chenrezig can help us in wonderful ways, throughout all of our lives.

 

Lapis Lazuli Medicine Buddha is an aspect of Shakyamuni Buddha that is famous for healing meditations.

 

VIII. Elements joined together

The Vajrayana makes use of:

  • the power of love and compassion

    Guru Rinpoche stresses the importance of alone time in Tantric meditation. Even if you can’t get away to a handy “meditation cave” a close door and a turned-off cell phone makes sense.

  • the power of liberating insight
  • the power of devotion
  • the power of concentration – samadhi
  • the power of the imagination, visualizing Pure Lands, and Buddhas
  • the power of sacred speech, prayer and mantra
  • and, the blessings of the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, saints and sages, our lineage, and our teachers.

These are found in other ways of practicing, but in Buddhist Tantra they are joined together.

IX. Empowerment

In addition, in the Vajrayana, we connect with a practice through rituals that are called initiations. The word tantra means thread, and refers to this transmission of enlightened energy, as well as to the continuum of our original nature. [9]

I asked my teacher early on if a person could do a purification practice such as that of Vajrasattva without an initiation, and he said yes, but that it would help to have one, and I have found what he said to be true. Initiations are also called ‘the ripening empowerments’.

 

Buddhist Tantra’s most iconic symbols Bell (representing Wisdom) and Vajra (Dorje, representing Compassion and Means.) For a story on the symbolism of Vajra and Bell, see>>

 

X. In times such as these

It’s taught that in times of great need that Vajrayana practice is especially powerful.10 I can also attest to this being true. It really does feel this way to me now.

We are living in what they call a time of the degeneration, characterized by more wars, famine, threats to the environment and natural disasters; more addictions, loneliness and isolation; new and seemingly intractable diseases; more wrong views and deeply ignorant people, and an overall increase in disturbing emotions.

In times such as these we are very much in need of powerful methods to heal, purify, strengthen, nourish, protect, and benefit ourselves and our loved ones, and communities. For those with an affinity to these teachings, the tantras offer just such methods.

I praise all the healing and comfort people have received, all the light that’s dawned,

and all the freedom that’s been secured through these methods

May these increase more and more

I praise all the illuminating and liberating Activities of the all the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas

May we all receive their blessings

 

 

Notes

1. See An Introduction to the Stages of the Path Teachings

2. What is Tantra?, by Dr. Alexander Berzin

3. See The Revolutionary Life of Freda Bedi: British Feminist, Indian Nationalist, Buddhist Nun

4. See Sacred Outlook: Going Beyond Ordinary Perception in Modern Culture and American Buddhism, by Jason Espada, in Buddhaweekly

5. Introduction to Tantra, by Lama Yeshe

6. Self Power and Other Power, by Thich Thien-An, from Zen Philosophy, Zen Practice

7. See: An Introduction to the Bodhisattva-Divinity Tara, from A Belief in the Miraculous – Buddhism, Magic, and a Sense of the Sacred, by Jason Espada

8. Repeating the Words of the Buddha, by Tulku Urgyen

9. See: What Happens During An Initiation, from Chenrezig, Lord of Love, by Bokar Rinpoche, and Transmission Through Empowerment, from Introduction to Tantra, by Lama Yeshe

10. Heart Advice for Practicing the Dharma in Daily Life

 

Jason Espada is a writer and classical musician living in San Francisco; a steward of his father’s photography, and the founder of abuddhistlibrary.com.Over the years, he’s made a number of recordings of Buddhist teachings. These days his focus is on the natural connection between spirituality and social action. His new website is jasonespada.com.

 

 

The post In Praise of the Vajrayana – A Brief Introduction to Buddhist Tantra appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Miracles of Great Black Mahakala: three Men in Black, the Mahakala brothers, the Dalai Lama, and a crow

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

“You come from your tree…
You, the Great Black One, the Great Crow.
Glorious Six-Armed One, homage and praise to you!
Sternly protect the doctrine of the Buddha!” [1]

Crows and the Men in Black are recurring themes in many Tibetan Buddhist stories. Both, are considered to be emanations of the Great Black, of Black Mahakala.

“Mahākāla is the most commonly invoked of all Dharma protectors, and is important to all schools of Tibetan Buddhism. In Tibetan he is often known simply as ‘the Lord’,” writes Vessantara. [5]

 

[If you are in the Toronto Canada area in July, H.E. Zasep Tulku Rinpoche is offering Black Mahakala Empowerment. Details here>>]

 

A stunning 17th century thangka of Black Mahakala in the Gelug tradition from the Rubin Museum.

 

Mahakala, crows and the Dalai Lama

Black six-armed Mahakala is a manifestation of Chenrezig, the Buddha of Compassion, and among the most important of deities in Vajrayana Buddhism. The Dalai Lama is also an emanation of Avalokiteshvara (Chenrezig). In an interview, the Dalai Lama told the story of the two crows in his own life (on his official website):

His Holiness the Dalai Lama.

“Another thing I didn’t mention in my autobiography is that after my birth, a pair of crows came to roost on the roof of our house. They would arrive each morning, stay for while and then leave. This is of particular interest as similar incidents occurred at the birth of the First, Seventh, Eighth and Twelfth Dalai Lamas. After their births, a pair of crows came and remained. In my own case, in the beginning, nobody paid attention to this. Recently, however, perhaps three years ago, I was talking with my mother, and she recalled it. She had noticed them come in the morning; depart after a time, and then the next morning, come again.

“Now, the evening after the birth of the First Dalai Lama, bandits broke into the family’s house. The parents ran away and left the child. The next day when they returned and wondered what had happened to their son, they found the baby in a corner of the house. A crow stood before him, protecting him.

“Later on, when the First Dalai Lama grew up and developed in his spiritual practice, he made direct contact during meditation with the protective deity, Mahakala.

At this time, Mahakala said to him, Somebody like you who is upholding the Buddhist teaching needs a protector like me. Right on the day of your birth, I helped you.

“So we can see, there is definitely a connection between Mahakala, the crows, and the Dalai Lamas.” [4]

Dhe-Tsang Monastery: crows and men in black

In the beautiful story of the founding of Dhe-Tsang monastery, the great protector Black Mahakala personally guided Je Tsongkhapa’s great disciple Ngawang Drakpa — appearing as a black crow.

The monastery, built in the year 1414, owed its existence to the coming of a great black crow. Later, another crow carried a powerful sadhana from Lama Tsongkhapa to his disciple to help subdue the demons and black magic troubling the area. Then, came the “Men in Black” who mysteriously appeared, and who later transformed into three statues — one of Six-Armed Mahakala, one of Four-Armed Mahakala, and one of White Mahakala.

 

Mahakala, the Lord, the Great Black.

 

We can see these stories as symbolic, literal or magical, but they immediately give us a sense of power and importance of Mahakala. Whether as a potent psychological archetype or as an Enlightened Deity active in the world, Mahakala — the fierce aspect of Chenrezig or Avalokiteshvara, Buddha of Compassion — the symbolism of the history is profound. Whether Mahakala’s activity is all in “your head”, or actually active in the relative world (Desire Realm), there can be no doubt (to a Vajrayana Buddhist) that Black Mahakala’s power is irresistible. Even today, in some monasteries, the monks put aside a portion of food for “the black man” Mahakala. In Mahakala Tangkhas, you often see the black man in the foreground.

There can be no doubt that all of these manifestations in the stories — the crows and the three men in black (or three black men, depending on the translation) — are none other than emanations of The Great Black One, Mahakala.

First, comes the Crow

2019 event with H.E. Zasep Rinpoche at Gaden Choling Toronto: Six-Armed Mahakala empowerment, July 18, 2019. Details here>>

In the wondrous tale of Dhe Tsang Monastery, Mahakala manifests as both crows and the three men in black (or black men, depending on the translation). From a wonderful article by Nitin Kumar [3]:

“The Dhe-Tsang monastery, built in 1414 by a close disciple of Je Tsongkhapa is situated in the Gyalrong district of eastern Tibet. When its founder, Ngawang Drakpa, came to the region intending to build a monastery there, he realized that the place was special but couldn’t decide on the best location to build the Hermitage.

At that very moment, a huge crow swooped down on him, picked off his scarf, and flew away with it. The monk hastened to follow the crow. Eventually, the garment was found hanging from the branches of a Juniper tree. Here it is relevant to observe that the crow is visualized in Tibetan Buddhism as an incarnation of Mahakala, whose name literally means the ‘Great Black One.’

Taking this occurrence to be an auspicious omen, Ngawang decided to build the monastery around the tree, which would itself serve as a natural pillar of the prayer hall.”

This was only the beginning of this tale of wonders. Later, when demons and black magic caused the monastery construction to collapse — whatever was built each day, would crumble that night — Ngawang Drakpa again relied on the great Lama Tsongkhapa’s advice — and the crow emanation of Black Mahakala.

As he was considering what to do, the crow appeared again. “Much relieved by its presence, the venerable monk wrote a letter to his guru Tsongkhapa in Lhasa, asking for help. The master in response to his pupil’s plea then composed a practice brimming with spiritual potency and gave it the name: ‘The Solitary Hero Vajra Bhairava Sadhana.’ He gave it to the crow to deliver it to Ngawang Drakpa. When the latter received the manual, he performed the practice immediately…” All negative influences were subdued. [3]

Then, the Men in Black (or the Black Men)

From then on, construction went smoothly. Venerable Ngawang Drakpa sought out the best possible sculptors to create the statues for the monastery, and especially the great protector Mahakala. Again, quoting the feature by Nitin Kumar:

Black Mahakala is the fierce aspect of one of the gentlest of Buddhist Deities, the Compassionate One Avalokitesvara or Chenrezig.

“When the major part of construction was completed, the lama began to look for master sculptors who could create spiritually charged images for the retreat. One day, three black men came to the monastery and stayed there for some time. They later revealed that they were sculptors from India. Delighted on hearing this, Ngawang Drakpa eagerly sought their services in building the required deity statues. Of the three men from India, only one agreed to stay on and help. As per his promise, the sculptor created all the statues requested except that of Mahakala, which alas, was only half-finished when the day of inauguration arrived.

The celebrations for the occasion consisted of various ritual dance performances. At the end of the program, the Indian sculptor declared that he too wished to perform a dance for the contemplation of the audience and proceeded to enthrall them with an exceptionally energetic performance wearing a swirling costume and a large wrathful mask, leaving the viewers in raptures. Towards the conclusion of the dance, his physical form suddenly started to shrink until finally only the giant mask remained on the ground and there was no trace of the body of the dancer. Taken aback by the bizarre turn of events, the monks rushed to the chamber where the half-finished statue of Mahakala lay. To their utter surprise, the statue was complete. The sculptor had merged with his creation, granting it an unparalleled spiritual potency.

The story does not end here, however. Later they were informed that the two companions of the Indian sculptor, who had declined to stay on, had each made a Mahakala statue at two different monasteries and had likewise mysteriously disappeared into their respective creations. It was not long before the perceptive adepts realized that these sculptors were none other than the great god Mahakala in his various manifestations, incarnating himself as the savior and protector of monasteries. Thus at Ngawang’s hermitage he was the Six-Armed Mahakala and had created a sculpture of himself with half-a-dozen hands. In a similar manner the other two had created icons of the Four-Armed and the White Mahakala respectively. Collectively, they were named the three Mahakala brothers and became vastly popular all over Tibet.”

Crow in different traditions

In Tibet — and most cultural traditions not influenced by the story of Noah (where the crow failed his mission — the crow is considered highly auspicious. In Tibet crow is associated with Mahakala; in Europe with Odin; in North American native spirituality, Raven is an important entity and Crow is sometimes the totem of the Great Spirit; in Hinduism, crow is associated with Shiva.

 

The crow is associated with Black Mahakala in Tibetan Buddhism.

 

The crow and the Dalai Lamas

The crow also features in both the stories of the first — and the current — Dalai Lamas.

“When the home of the baby who was to become known as the First Dalai Lama Chokey Geundun (or, Kundun which means “the presence”) was set upon by raiders, the family had to flee leaving behind the little child. When they returned the following morning, they found the baby guarded by a pair of crows. To this day, crows figure among the symbols of his rank.

In Kundun (Martin Scorsese, 1997) the film made of the first 25 years of the current (14th) Dalai Lama’s life based upon a series of interviews conducted by Martha Mathison, Reting the Regent tells how on the morning following the birth, the mother noticed a pair of crows outside.” — Raven and Crow Khandro.net

Why Mahakala appears as a wrathful deity

Ven. Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche explains:

“It is not because there is something ferocious about Mahakala or that he is aggressive. Mahakala is none other than the inseparability of compassion and loving-kindness. In the view of ultimate wisdom, there is no separation between the Awakened Mind of Buddha and that of Mahakala. Mahakala is a manifestation of the awakened mind.

Appearing in very majestic form, splendid yet frightening, Mahakala stands in the midst of a mountain of flames to symbolize that no enemy can stand this appearance aspect; the sharp chopper, which he holds aloft in one hand, symbolizes the cutting through of negative patterns, aggression, hatred, ignorance–any of the five poisons. No neurosis or negativity can tolerate this very majestic form; the frightening form symbolizes Mahakala as totally devoid of fear or hesitation in his spontaneous yet consistent work toward the benefit and liberation of all beings.

Mahakala is seen standing on the corpse of two human bodies, thus symbolizing the death of negativities and the complete uprooting of negative patterns to such a point that, like a dead body, they will not come to life. It is very important that we know these symbols of Mahakala because many times we have mistaken notions that he may be a clinging spirit or harmful, evil being, perhaps even the Lord of Death ready to devour and attack. One would find great difficulty in relating to the various symbols without understanding that our awakened compassion is the essential quality of the being of Mahakala. Mahakala has never been known to harm one being, even in the slightest manner, because he is constantly benefiting beings through the continuous play of the enlightened mind.” [2]

 

Vessantara’s story of Chenrezig’s transformation

Some of the many faces of compassion. From top left to right then bottom left to right: Hayagriva Vajrayogini (Vajra Varahi); 4-armed Chenrezig; Guanyin; Red Chenrezig Yabyum; White Mahakala; Black Mahakala; 1000-armed Chenrezig.

In his wonderful book “A Guide to the Deities of Tantra” author and teacher Vessantara gives a lovely prose visualization to help explain the transformation of peaceful to wrathful [5]:

“Avalokiteśvara, the Lord of Compassion, gazes out across the world, his white radiance soothing the sufferings of living beings. With one pair of hands he clasps to his heart the wish-fulfilling gem of his vow to eradicate the world’s pain. In his upper left hand he holds the lotus of spiritual receptivity, the desire to leave the mud of saṃsāra and reach up towards the sun of true happiness.

Above his head we sense the oceanic love of Amitābha, his spiritual father. In Avalokiteśvara’s heart the mantra oṃ maṇi padme hūṃ rotates ceaselessly, pouring its light into the six realms of suffering. In his upper right hand we see his crystal mālā turning. With each bead another being’s sufferings are extinguished. We watch the dancing reflections in the crystal beads, follow their steady rhythm as aeons pass.

Still the beads flow through the milk-white fingers. The pace is steady, smooth, ceaseless. And yet … there is still so much agony, pain, and frustration mirrored in those patient eyes. Hearts which hear the call of the mantra and long to respond are chained by dark forces, restrained by fear, bewildered by confusion, so that they do not know whence the sound comes or how to follow it.

The sapphire eyes cloud with a gathering storm of spiritual impatience. They steal a glance at the steady, but too slow, circling of the crystal beads to their right. They look once more, hard, at the plague forces of ignorance, the jailers of hatred, the ransomers of craving who hold so many beings in their clutches.

The crystal beads begin to change shape. They lose their sparkling reflections for a sun-bleached white. They become a death’s head garland, a rosary of skulls. The delicate white hand grows darker, its light changing from white to deep blue, like an eclipse of the sun.

The powerful hand’s first and last fingers stab the air in a menacing gesture. Around it roars a corona of flames. With a world-shaking cry the figure, now blue-black, starts to its feet. The wish-fulfilling jewel transforms into a vajra-chopper and a skull cup dripping with red nectar. The soft lotus transforms into a trident with a death’s head.

From the huge, overpowering blue-black body another arm thrusts out, rattling a skull drum. To the left a further first uncoils a noose. The giant figure pounds forward, wild hair streaming upward, tied round with snakes. The massive body, nearly naked, girt only with a tiger-skin, wears skulls – pretty, staring skulls – as jewels. Snake-enwreathed, fang-mouthed, three eyes glaring bloodshot from an awesome face, he marches onward bellowing challenge…”

[Read on in Vessantara’s amazing book: A Guide to the Deities of the Tantra.]

Symbolism of popular Six-Armed Black Mahakala

Six-armed Black Mahkala.

Black six-armed Mahakala is a manifestation of Chenrezig, the Buddha of Compassion. Although he appears wrathful, this is a symbolic appearance that conveys his power to overcome negativities, obstacles and provide conducive conditions for practice. In brief, the complex attributes of six-armed Mahakala are symbolic of:

  • Midnight blue or black symbolizes changeless Dharmakaya (all colours absorb into black.)
  • Three eyes convey that he sees the past, present and future.
  • The five-skull crown: transformation of the five poisons of anger, desire, ignorance, jealousy and pride — into the five wisdoms.
  • Six arms represent the attainment of the six perfections: generosity, patience, morality, diligence, meditation, and wisdom.
  • Rosary of skulls symbolize continuous activity on behalf of all sentient beings.
  • Damaru hand drum represents the sound of emptiness
  • The skullcup filled with blood symbolizes either/ both the subjugation of the maras (evil), or the transformation to the pristine nectar of wisdom.
  • The kartika or curved ritual knife stands for “cutting attachments” and clinging to “ego.”
  • The trident staff shows his power over the three kayas.
  • The lasso binds those who break their vows.
  • He stands on an elephant-headed deity, symbolizing the overcoming of obstacles (elephants represent pride) and also overcoming obtacles subconscious thoughts
  • He stands on a sun disc, symbolizing illumination from ignorance.
  • The lotus throne represents purity and the Lotus Family (Chenrezig and Amitabha are Lotus Family.)
  • The tiger skin represents the purification of desire.
  • The elephant skin stands for purification of pride.
  • Snakes represent the purification of anger.

[If you are in the Toronto Canada area in July, H.E. Zasep Tulku Rinpoche is offering Black Mahakala Empowerment. Details here>>]

Praise to Black Mahakala

(Normally for a Tea Offering)

Black Mahakala

HUM!

NYUR-DZÄ CHÄN-RÄ-ZIk-LA CH’AK TS’ÄL-LO
ZHAP-DUP-D’ANG-CHÄ VINAYAKA NÄN
NAK-PO CH’EN-PO TAK-G’I SHAM-T’AP CHÄN
CH’AK-Dr’UK DrÜL-GY’I GYÄN-GY’I NAM-PAR GYÄN

Quick-acting Avalokita, homage to you!
Wearing anklets, you trample Ganesa.
Mahakala, you wear a tiger-skin loincloth
Fully adorned with snake-ornaments on your six arms.

2. YÄ-PA Dr’I-G’UK B’AR-WA Tr’ENG-WA DZIN
T’A-MA DAMARU-NI Dr’AK-TU Tr’ÖL
YÖN-PA T’Ö-PA D’ANG-NI DUNG TSE-SUM
D’E-ZHIN ZHAk-PA ZUNG-NÄ CH’ING-WAR J’E

The (first) right holds a triku (chopping-knife), the middle a mala,
The last plays violently a damaru;
The left hold a skull-cup, and a three-pronged lance,
And likewise a noose, which serves for tying up.

3. Dr’AK-PÖi ZHÄL-NI CH’E-WA NAM-PAR TSIk
CHÄN-SUM Dr’AK-PO U’TrA GY’EN-D’U BAR
TrÄL-WAR SINDHURA-YI LEk-PAR J’Uk
CHI-WOR MI-KYÖ GYÄL-PÖi GYÄ-TAP TÄN

Your wrathful mouth completely bares its fangs
Your three eyes are fierce. The hair of your head blazes upward.
Your forehead is properly anointed with red lead.
On your crown, Aksobhya’s royal presence is fixed.

4. Tr’AK-DZAK MI-GO NGA-CHÜi DO-SHÄL CHÄN
RIN-CH’EN T’Ö-KAM NGA-YI U-LA GYÄN
SHING-LÄ J’ÖN-NÄ TOR-MA LEN-DZÄ-PÄi
PÄL-DÄN CH’AK-Dr’UK-PA-LA CH’AK-TS’ÄL TÖ

You wear a great necklace of fifty men ‘s heads, dripping blood.
On your crown, you’re adorned with five dry, jeweled skulls.
You come from your tree and accept our torma offering,
Glorious Six-Armed – homage and praise to you!

5. SANG-GYÄ TÄN-PA NYÄN-PO SUNG-WA-D’ANG
KÖN-CH’OK U-P’ANG NYÄN-PO TÖ-PA-D’ANG
DAK-CHAK PÖN-LOP K’OR-D’ANG CHÄ-NAM-KYI
KYEN-NGÄN B’AR-CH’Ä T’AM-CHÄ ZHI-WA-D’ANG
CHI-DÖ NGÖ-Dr’UP NYUR-D’U TSÄL-D’U SÖL!

Sternly protect the Doctrine of the Buddha!
Sternly praise the height of power of the Jewels!
For us – teachers, disciples and entourage –
Please quell all bad conditions and obstructions,
And grant us quickly whatever siddhis we wish!

 

2019 event with H.E. Zasep Rinpoche at Gaden Choling Toronto: Six-Armed Mahakala empowerment, July 18, 2019. Information on Gaden Choling website>>

 

NOTES
[1] One verse from the “Tea offering praise” to Black Mahakala.
[2] From a teaching given by the Ven. Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche on February 2, 1981 at Karma Triyana Dharmachakra; translated by Ngodrup Burkhar and edited by Agnes M. Ruch.
[3] “The Many Forms of Mahakala Protector of Buddhist Monesteries” Exotic India by Nitin Kumar
[4] Questions and Answers with the Dalai Lama.

[5] Vessantara. A Guide to the Deities of the Tantra (Meeting the Buddhas) . Windhorse Publications. Kindle Edition.

The post Miracles of Great Black Mahakala: three Men in Black, the Mahakala brothers, the Dalai Lama, and a crow appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

How a Home Retreat Helps Busy People Manage Time and Save Money; How to Do It, and Why it is Necessary

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

Sitting retreats are important opportunities to “still the mind”, allowing us to develop “realizations.” 

There is something very special about the Buddhist Retreat. We all look forward to our first (or next) retreat, but hectic modern life makes it very difficult for many of us. Who can take six weeks or three months off work (and away from family!) to do intensive remote retreat in the mountains? How do you explain to your significant other that you need to be away from the family for a month to three months? If you are self employed, but not idly rich, it will never happen. If you are employed, you’d need a very understanding employer. Not to mention a husband or wife who is beyond very understanding.

Based on this it would seem that only the rich or retired could afford the luxury or a formal long-term retreat. Yet, it is said that even lay Buddhists should do one major retreat before they die.

From a previous feature in Buddha Weekly: “In Zen Buddhism, silent retreat is a very important practice. In Vajrayana Buddhist practice — where much of the practice is designed to help us transform “ordinary perceptions” — the extensive practice and mantra retreat is considered a must, at least once in a practitioner’s lifetime.”

 

Formal teaching retreat. Nothing can replace the formal long retreat, even for lay practitioners. But formal retreat can be a once-in-a-lifetime event. For the serious student, how do we progress at home, while waiting for the precious opportunity to undertake a long retreat?

 

Problem is, in accordance with unpredictable impermanence, we could die anytime. If we wait until we retire, or wait until we can afford it, or wait for our families grow up (leaving us more time?) — it might be too late. And, all that stress might kill us.

There is a solution to our dilemma. Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, a teacher very in touch with Western lifestyle and needs, recommends a home working retreat. During a Vajrayogini weekend teaching, he suggested just how to do it.  Before discussing the how, it’s important to discuss the “why” it’s important.

Please also see our previous feature “Buddhist Home Retreat: What the Teachers Say”>>

Monks, who renounce daily lay life, can engage in retreat whenever their teachers instruct them. Retreat has always been important in “developing realizations.” For lay practitioners we rarely have the option of three year retreats.

Why Retreat is Important

Most of the great masters — from Shakyamuni Buddha to Lama Tsongkhapa and Milarepa —developed realizations through meditation that involved withdrawing entirely from mundane life for a period of intense reflection; Shakyamuni, famously, under the Bodhi tree, Milarepa walled up in his cave, Lama Tsonkhapa performing a million mandalas while working his arm to bloody tatters (he was so poor, he used a stone as a mandala plate). In those days, often this was possible due to sponsors who supported renunciates and monks. That isn’t as likely in a modern, fast-paced world.

Still, without withdrawal from daily life for a period of intense reflection, the realizations are elusive. Some of us, the lucky ones, save holidays and money for those long three month (or even just six week) retreats. We also have to bank a lot of karma-points with our spouse and families to justify a phones-off retreat.

Home Retreat — The Need for “Time and Space”

Can’t get away from picking up the kids at school? Can’t take time off work? Can’t afford a couple thousand a week for retreat accommodations on a modern, formal retreat? Home Retreat might be the interim solution, allowing you the “time and space” needed to develop “limitless compassion and wisdom.”

The great Kyabje Lama Zopa Rinpoche.

In a teaching in Spain in 1983, the Most Venerable Lama Thubten Yeshe said:

“Why is retreat important? In order for our spirituality, pure morality, wisdom, single-pointed concentration and insight into reality to grow, we need time and space. The normal twentieth-century environment does not give us this. It induces either distraction or sluggishness, and retreat can take us beyond both. As human beings, we have the potential for unlimited growth, for limitless compassion and wisdom, bodhicitta and the six perfections. So retreat is very important in expediting this.”

 

Home Retreat: A How To

Home retreat does not replace the teaching retreat or the remote retreat. Yet, according to the Venerable Zasep Rinpoche (asked by the author of this teacher during a teaching weekend), it is helpful to your practice. There are some basic guidelines that would apply to any home retreat. We should treat the home retreat the same way as we do a remote non-working retreat, meaning — when doing your practice you must do so with the full intensity of a “real retreat. When you have to go back “to work” and to the family, you basically hit a virtual pause button. On your next session (usually at least twice a day) you “unpause” and continue where you left off, trying to stay in full retreat frame of mind.

Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, a book by Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche

Although Venerable Zasep Rinpoche is a teacher of the Vajrayana tradition, some core principals would probably apply to any school:

  1. Time — You need to commit as much time as possible each day to a home retreat, ideally at least two long sessions per day, morning and evening. If you can’t manage three-five hours a day, by giving up TV and other activities, you aren’t ready for the commitment.
  2. Consistency — You should practice at the same times each day, and for the same duration each day until it becomes a habit
  3. Goal — You should have a goal, either time goal (six hours a day for three months), or, in the case of mantra retreat, by counting mantras. For example, 3 months silent contemplation, three hours morning, three hours, night. Or, for a 100,000 mantra retreat you keep going however many days it takes, also three hours a night.
  4. To maintain the retreat, you can never miss a session. If you committed to three hours morning and three hours evening for three months, if you miss one day, you basically start again. Even if you are sick or tired, you try to push your way through, even half-heartedly. The key is not to miss a session.
  5. Separate mundane and retreat: coach family and friends to not disturb you during your regular hours of retreat.
  6. Even if you have spare time “left over” after your three hours of retreat (and after the kids are in bed and other obligations are met), spend your time only on Dharma activities: studying sutra, reading the Buddhist commentaries, watching Buddhist documentaries.
  7. Create Importance: Make Dharma retreat time your one fundamental, unchangeable component of the day. Perform family and work obligations as necessary, but use all leisure time for Dharma study or activity (in other words, no TV, no night at the movies.) The goal is to bring the feeling of retreat into as much of your day as possible during the length of your retreat.
  8. Format: Follow your teacher’s guidance on format. Usually Taking Refuge in the Three Jewels will begin most sessions, and Dedicating the Merit might finish each session. In Vajrayana there might be the mandatory long sadhana, followed by mantra counting. In other traditions, there might be silent meditation.
  9. Exercise: Even in format retreats, the participants alternate some activity with contemplation. This is important for health reasons. During retreat time, however, try to make exercise Dharma practice. For example, walking mindfulness meditation.

 

Setting up a shrine with offerings is important for Vajrayana retreat. Normally, after set up of the altar, you should not move anything (other than to renew offerings) until retreat is finished.

 

Recommendations specific to Vajrayana Practice

In addition to the above suggestions, a Vajrayana counting retreat might also add some additional recommendations:

  1. Your retreat at home should be treated as seriously as a “remote” retreat. This means you set up a cushion (seat) in one place, always returning only to that seat when you resume your retreat. You never count time or mantras performed off the cushion. It’s good to do a mindfulness walking session, or mantras while bird watching, but you don’t count either of these to your committed session.
  2. With Vajrayana you normally will perform the sadhana (guided meditation/visualization ) twice (one per session) plus your mantras. Normally, if there is a long version, you always use the long one.
  3. Normally you must set up physical offerings (to reinforce the “visualized” offerings), which would consist of torma cakes, the eight sensory offerings, and for higher tantra the inner offering.
  4. You normally set up an altar with an image of the meditational deity, ideally a Dharma book and offerings. The altar should not be moved until the retreat is finished.
  5. Usually, for Vajrayana retreats you’d undertake the practice of your “Yidam” (heart meditation emanation of Enlightenment) but if you do not have initiations, you can undertake a Shakyamuni Buddha, Green Tara or Avalokiteshvara (Chenrezig) sadhana and mantra retreat. These three do not require initiation as long as you visualize the Yidam in front of you — instead of yourself as the Yidam.

As an example, please see the suggestions below for a retreat that does not require special permissions or initiations, for Green Tara, the “activity of compassion.”

 

 

Example Retreat: Green Tara Retreat — the Mother of All Retreats

Green Tara (Drolma in Tibetan), often described as the Mother of All Buddhas, is a suitable meditational deity for any retreat and for any person. Tara is accessible to everyone. You could say, a Tara Retreat is the Mother of All Retreats. (Sadhana below)

 

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, here pictured in a recent trip to Mongolia, will be in Toronto for a Green Tara Retreat in April 2014.

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, here pictured in a recent trip to Mongolia. Rinpoche teaches Green Tara practice, and recently wrote a book titled “Tara in the Palm of Your Hand.”

 

“Tara is without a doubt the most beloved female deity in Tibetan Buddhism, revered for Her swiftness in helping those who rely on her,” writes the most Venerable Achayra Zasep Tulku Rinpoche in his recent book Tara in the Palm of Your Hand. “She has been described as a Buddha for our modern age, a sublime personification of compassion and wisdom in female form at a time when sorrow and suffering seem to be increasing everywhere.”

It is, perhaps, the fact that Tara represents enlightened activity that endears Her to Her endless followers.  “Tara represents enlightened activity,” Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron writes in How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator. “Tara is an emanation of bliss and emptiness… By appearing to us in this physical form of Tara, the wisdom of bliss and emptiness of all Buddhas inspires us to cultivate constructive attitudes and actions.”

 

Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron introduces the practice of Tara during a retreat (Sravasti Abbey). Thubten Chodron is the author of the very popular book How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator.

Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron introduces the practice of Tara during a retreat (Sravasti Abbey). Thubten Chodron is the author of the very popular book How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator.

 

With Tara as our retreat inspiration, we are stimulated to right conduct, right speech and other “actions” that generate merits, and we find ourselves averse to actions that might generate negative karma. This is why, no matter how busy modern life becomes, a regular retreat in Green Tara can be a beneficial practice.

Thirteenth Zasep Tulku, Archarya Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, an Internationally Respected Teacher, in Toronto June 8-18

The Thirteenth Zasep Tulku, Archarya Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, an Internationally Respected Teacher, who is spiritual director of several meditation centres in North America and Australia.

For those unable to find formal retreat opportunities, a private weekend of solitary contemplation is still helpful, as is regular practice. Or, as described above, a longer retreat committing to two sessions a day. When the opportunity arises, try to attend teachings or actual retreat on Green Tara.

“Of all the Buddhas, Tara is the most accessible,” explained Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche in Tara in the Palm of Your Hand. The venerable teacher points out both temporal benefits and ultimate benefits in his commentary on Tara practice. “When you practice Tara you become closer to Her and can feel Her motherly love; you feel well-loved and nurtured by the most beautiful Mother of All Buddhas.”

Tara, the Mother of All Buddhas

Tara is often called the Mother of All Buddhas of all times. This can be understood in many ways. One way to understand the affectionate title of Mama Tara is in Her role as the embodiment of Wisdom Compassion Activity.  Tara is green, connoting wind and activity, because she is the “Swift One.” In the 21 Praises to Tara, She (in one of Her forms) is described as: “the Swift One, the Heroine, Whose eyes are like an instant flash of lightning…” In this way, the Swift One, The Rescuer Tara comes to the aid of those in need, like a mother protecting her children.

 

Green Tara’s kind face. Tara is known as Tara the Rescuer.

 

“Tara can be understood on many different levels,” explained Thubten Chodron. She explained Tara can be understood at three levels:

  • as a person who became an Enlightened Buddha
  • as a manifestation of awakened qualities
  • as our own Buddha Nature (Buddha Potential) in its future fully purified and evolved form.

“Her female form represents wisdom, the essential element needed to remove the ignorance that misconstrues reality and is the root of our suffering,” wrote Thubten Chodron in How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator. “Thus she is called ‘the mother of all Buddhas,’ for the wisdom realizing reality that she embodies gives birth to full enlightenment, the state of freedom from self-grasping ignorance and its attendant, self-centeredness.”

Like a Mother, Tara cares for us, and supports us. “Aspirations made in the presence of Green Tara may easily grow into results, and requests made to Her may be quickly actualized,” wrote Thubton Chodron. “We are energized to create the causes for happiness, and to eliminate interferences in our Dharma practice.

Below: Part 1 of a series of videos from Thubton Chodron on Tara (taped during a Tara Retreat).

 

Retreat and the Stages

“Dharma experiences come only when you put yourself in a Dharma situation,” said Lama Yeshe in a 1983 teaching in Spain. “The first stage of your spiritual growth occurs during your first retreat. The second stage happens in your second retreat; the third stage in your third…and so on. Spiritual growth is not an intellectual thing. It has to be organic. It is beyond the intellectual; it has to become your own experience.”

 

Buddha-Weekly-Green-Tara-Closeup-Buddha-Deity-Meditational-Buddhism

 

Retreats are, by definition, Dharma situations, with minimal distractions, and they are certainly experiential rather than intellectual. Lama Yeshe had this advice for students in retreat: ” Successful retreat demands discipline. The fundamental discipline is living ethically in pure morality. On that basis you need to follow a strict schedule and avoid all outside activity. You should not meet with other people or talk nonsense. Best, of course, is to maintain silence for the duration of your retreat and not meet people at all.”

Green Tara’s Mantra

Like Tara Herself, Her mantra is accessible to everyone. Benefits of Tara practice and Tara’s mantra arise quickly. Those who find time for daily practice, and those with empowerment, benefit even more quickly.

Nearly every Tibetan grew up with a morning recitation of Tara’s 21 Praises and Her mantra is common. Tibetan Buddhists, even those without initiation into Tara, often chant Tara’s mantra, especially when they are afraid, or in need of protection.

“I myself have had many experiences of the power of Tara, starting from when I was a boy in Tibet,” wrote Zasep Tulku Rinpoche in Tara in the Palm of Your Hand. “I, along with my attendant, were riding on a mountain path. Suddenly, we came across a mother bear with three cubs. She turned on us as if to attack. My grandmother quickly recited Tara’s mantra. Instantly the bear turned her back on us and ambled off…”

Tara’s mantra is

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha

In more advanced mantra practice, Tara’s ten syllable mantra may be visualized surrounding the seed syllable Tam (shown in the centre). Surrounding the Tam, are the Tibetan syllables beginning at the top (Om) then left clockwise.

 

Retreat Sadhana

A sadhana is a “guided meditation” that ensures all elements of good meritorious practice are included. These are normally the “seven limbs” of practice.

Tara Visualization

The next step in visualization of Tara would be formal Vajrayana meditation—which actively uses our minds on a near epic scale, and has been proven to enhance intelligence and concentration. Research has proven the cognitive benefits of Vajrayana visualization. (Please see our feature: Science: Research Proves Vajrayana Meditation Techniques Improve Cognitive Performance.)

A guided video meditation visualization of Green Tara instructed by H.E. Zasep Rinpoche:


To benefit from visualization, while chanting the mantras, build more and more complex visualizations, beginning with Tara’s elegant beauty and important attributes, and progressively increasing the image in detail. The easiest approach is to study an image of Tara, preferably an ironically correct one—since very aspect of the visualization means something.

Your teacher, may give you a proper meditation, but if you have not yet formalized your practice you can think in these terms: Tara is a beautiful young deity, youthful, perhaps sixteen visually—certainly youthful and timeless—of emerald color. Her right hand is in the gesture of supreme generosity, hand open to give blessings, with thumb and index touching and the other three fingers outstretched. The touching fingers represent the union of Wisdom and Compassion. The three remaining fingers represent the three jewels: Buddha, Dharma and Sangha. In this hand She lightly holds the stem of an uptala flower, a blue Lotus.

Her left hand is at her heart, in the gesture of bestowing refuge in the three jewels. This mudra (hand gesture) also incorporates the gesture of protection, of fearlessness. This time Her thumb and ring finger are connecting in the Wisdom-Compassion loop. She is saying, “come, I’ll protect you.” In this hand, too, is the stem of an uptala flower. There are three blooms, one open, one half open, one just about to open, representing the Buddhas of the past, present and future.

She is adorned in the most precious ornaments, and seated in an aura of spectacular light. On Her head is a five-sided crown, depicting the five Dhani Buddhas. Above that, are ornaments, rainbow lights, wish-fulfilling gems. And surmounting all, is Her own Guru, Amitabha Buddha, the Buddha of Infinite Light, glowing red.

Her legs are Her most significant attributes. One is drawn in, showing her mastery and enlightenment. Her other is outstretched, in a gesture that appears to indicate She’s ready to leap up to our aid. She sits on a moon cushion, which arises on top of a Lotus.

In more advanced visualizations, at Her heart is her precious seed syllable, TAM (see below), radiating green light, sending out blessing energy to all beings in the universe.

 

The Tam syllable, seed syllable of Tara, is most often visualized at Her heart, glowing and emanating healing green light. TAM normally sits on a lotus.

 

Basic Practice Without Empowerment

Tara can be practiced by anyone, any time. She is all-inclusive. Although empowerments and initiations help advance our progress with Tara, none is required.

A good basic daily practice, if you are not yet being instructed by a qualified teacher, would normally include:

  • Taking refuge in the Three Jewels: Buddha (Enlightened one), Dharma (Enlightened teachings) and Sangha (the community supporting the Enlightened)
  • An offering: water bowls, or just a mentally visualized offering, or more elaborate if preferred (provided physical offerings do not derive from theft, greed, or any negativitiy)
  • Four immeasurables: wishes for all beings to be happy, not to suffer and dwell in equanimity
  • Seven-limb practice: a seven limb prayer that re-affirms a good practice of praise, offering, declaration of non-virtues, request for Tara to remain as your teacher, request that Tara teach the Dharma, and a dedication of the merit to the cause for enlightenment.

 

The eight sensory offerings from left to right are: water for drinking, water for washing (the feet), flowers for beauty, incense for smell, light (candles, buttlerlamps or light) for seeing, perfumes, food for eating, and sound or music for listening.

 

These basic practices, together, take five minutes, to which you might add the above visualization and mantra practices.

Here are some basic words/thoughts that frame the above practice:

Refuge

Until I reach enlightenment, I take refuge in the Three Jewels: the Buddhas, the Dharma and the Sangha. By the merit of practicing generosity and other perfections, may I attain Enlightement in order to benefit all beings.

Offerings

Mentally visualize seven or eight bowls of water. Or, actually fill up seven or eight bowls of water and offer them mentally. You can supplement the blessing by reciting Tara’s mantra, or, alternately, “Om Ah Hum”. For a more elaborate offering, you could add the meditation in our feature, “Water Bowl Offerings as an Antidote to Attachment”, where the bowls are visualized as the eight traditional sense offerings: water for drinking, water for washing, flowers for the eye senses, incense for the smell sense, butter lamps for illumination, perfume, food for the taste sense, and music for the sound sense. More here>>

Four Immeasurables 

May all beings have happiness and its causes,

May they never have suffering or its causes.

May they constantly dwell in joy transcending sorrow;

May they dwell in equal love for both near and far.

Seven Limbs

To You Venerable Arya Tara, with my body, speech and mind, I respectfully prostrate.

I offer flowers, incense, butter lamps, perfume, food, music and a vast collection of offerings, both actually set out and emanated through wisdom and imagination.

I declare all my non-virtuous acts since beginningless time.

I rejoice in the virtuous merit accumulated by Holy and ordinary beings.

I request You turn the wheel of Dharma.

I beseech You to remain until samsara ends. Please, with your boundless compassion, look upon all beings drowning in the ocean of suffering.

May whatever merit I have accumulated be transformed into the cause for Enlightenment so that I may help all sentient beings.

Mantra

Visualize Tara as described above — in front of you if you do not have initiation — and then focus mindfully on the spoken mantra, repeating it in a low voice, over and over. For a normal practice you might repeat 108 times. For a retreat, your goal is normally 100,000 total, in three months or so in a home retreat format (for example).

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha

Pronounced

Ohm Tah-ray Tew-Tah-ray Tew-rey Svah-ha.

In Tibetan:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Soha

Final Dedication

If you have a formal practice from a teacher there will be more steps. Otherwise, close off with the all-important final dedication:

I dedicate the merit of this practice to the cause for enlightenment, for the benefit of all beings.

21 Praises

Optionally, include the 21 Praises to Tara. Around the world, many people begin and end their day with Tara’s twenty-one praises. This practice has been credited with many benefits, including protection from harm, prosperity, and swift progress on the path of enlightenment.

It can be beneficial to chant this in the world’s oldest known language—Sanskrit. The nuances of this practice, the originating sounds, is similar to mantra practice. In Sanskrit:

Tankha depicted Mother Tara and the 21 Taras.

Om namah spukasam namah Taraye mi Tara

1 Namas Tare Ture vire

kshanair dyuti nibhekshane

trailokya nat ha vaktrabja

vikasat kesharobhave

 

2 Namah shata sharac chandra

sampurna patalanane

Tara sahasra nikara

prahasat kira noj jvale

 

3 Namah kanaka nilabja

pani padma vibhu shite

dana virya tapah shanti

titik sha dhyana gochare

 

4 Namas tat hagatosh nisha

vijayananta charini

ashesha paramita prapta

jina putra nishevite

 

5 Namas Tuttara Hum kara

puritasha dig antare

sapta loka kramakranti

asheshak arshanak shame

 

6 Namah shakranala Brahma

marud vishvesh varachite

bhuta vetala gand harva

gana yaksha puras krte

 

7 Namas trad iti phat kara

para yantra pramardani

praty alid ha pada nyase

shik hi jvalakulek shane

 

8 Namas Ture maha ghore

mara vira vinashani

bhrku ti krta vaktrabja

sarva shatrum nishudani

 

9 Namas tri ratna mudranka

hrdyanguli vibhushite

bhu shitashesha dik chakra

nikara sva Karakule

 

10 Namah pramudita topa

muku ta kshipta malini

hasat prahasat Tuttare

mara loka vashamkari

 

11 Namah samanta bhu pala

patalakarshana kshame

chalat bhrku ti hum kara

sarvapada vimoch ani

 

12 Namah shikhanda kandendu

muku tabha ranojjvale

Amitabha jata bhara

bhasvare kirana dhruve

 

13 Namah kalpanta hutabhug

jvala malan Tara sthite

alidha muditabandha

ripu chakra vinashani

 

14 Namah kara talaghata

charana hata bhu tale

bhrkuti krta Hum kara

sapta patala bhedini

 

15 Namah shive shubhe shante

shanta nirvana gochare

svaha pranava samyukte

maha papaka na shani

 

16 Namah pramudi tabandha

ripu gatra vabhedini

dashakshara pada nyashe

vidya Hum kara dipite

 

17 Namas Ture pada ghata

Hum karakara bijite

meru mandara kailasa

bhuvana traya chalini

 

18 Namah sura sarakara

harinika karast hite

Tara dvir ukta Phat kara

ashesha visha nashani

 

19 Namah sura ganadh yaksha

sura kimnara sevite

abandha mudita bhoga

kali duhs vapna nashani

 

20 Namah chandrarka sampurna

nayana dyuti bhas vare

hara dvir ukta Tuttare

vishama jvara nashani

 

21 Namas tri tattva vinyasa

shiva shakti saman vite

graha vetala yakshaugha

nashani pravare Ture

 

21 Praises to Tara in English

The praises do lose some of the “mystery” and intensity and sheer sound-power in English, but the intention and praise is maintained. Many people chant the praise in English:

1 Homage to you, Tara, the swift heroine,

Whose eyes are like an instant flash of lightning,

Whose water-born face arises from the blooming lotus

Of Avalokiteshvara, protector of the three worlds.

 

2 Homage to you, Tara, whose face is like

One hundred full autumn moons gathered together,

Blazing with the expanding light

Of a thousand stars assembled.

 

3 Homage to you, Tara, born from a golden-blue lotus,

Whose hands are beautifully adorned with lotus flowers,

You who are the embodiment of giving, joyous effort, asceticism,

Pacification, patience, concentration, and all objects of practice.

 

4 Homage to you, Tara, the crown pinnacle of those thus gone,

Whose deeds overcome infinite evils,

Who have attained transcendent perfections without exception,

And upon whom the sons of the Victorious Ones rely.

 

5 Homage to you, Tara, who with the letters TUTTARA and HUM

Fill the (realms of) desire, direction, and space,

Whose feet trample on the seven worlds,

And who are able to draw all beings to you.

 

6 Homage to you, Tara, venerated by Indra,

Agni, Brahma, Vayu, and Ishvara,

And praised by the assembly of spirits,

raised corpses,
Gandharvas, and all yakshas.

 

7 Homage to you, Tara, whose TRAT and PHAT

Destroy entirely the magical wheels of others.

With your right leg bent and left outstretched and pressing,

You burn intensely within a whirl of fire.

 

8 Homage to you, Tara, the great fearful one,

Whose letter TURE destroys the mighty demons completely,

Who with a wrathful expression on your water-born face

Slay all enemies without an exception.

 

9 Homage to you, Tara, whose fingers adorn your heart

With the gesture of the sublime precious three;

Adorned with a wheel striking all directions without exception

With the totality of your own rays of light.

 

10 Homage to you, Tara, whose radiant crown ornament,

Joyful and magnificent, extends a garland of light,

And who, by your laughter of TUTTARA,

Conquer the demons and all of the worlds.

 

11 Homage to you, Tara, who are able to invoke

The entire assembly of local protectors,

Whose wrathful expression fiercely shakes,

Rescuing the impoverished through the letter HUM.

 

12 Homage to you, Tara, whose crown is adorned

With the crescent moon, wearing ornaments exceedingly bright;

From your hair knot the buddha Amitabha

Radiates eternally with great beams of light.

 

13 Homage to you, Tara, who dwell within a blazing garland

That resembles the fire at the end of this world age;

Surrounded by joy, you sit with your right leg extended

And left withdrawn, completely destroying all the masses of enemies.

 

14 Homage to you, Tara, with hand on the ground by your side,

Pressing your heel and stamping your foot on the earth;

With a wrathful glance from your eyes you subdue

All seven levels through the syllable HUM.

 

15 Homage to you, Tara, O happy, virtuous, and peaceful one,

The very object of practice, passed beyond sorrow.

You are perfectly endowed with SOHA and OM,

Overcoming completely all the great evils.

 

16 Homage to you, Tara, surrounded by the joyous ones,

You completely subdue the bodies of all enemies;

Your speech is adorned with the ten syllables,

And you rescue all through the knowledge-letter HUM.

 

17 Homage to you, Tara, stamping your feet and proclaiming TURE.

Your seed-syllable itself in the aspect of HUM

Causes Meru, Mandhara, and the Vindhya mountains

And all the three worlds to tremble and shake.

 

18 Homage to you, Tara, who hold in your hand

The hare-marked moon like the celestial ocean.

By uttering TARA twice and the letter PHAT

You dispel all poisons without an exception.

 

19 Homage to you, Tara, upon whom the kings of the assembled gods,

The gods themselves, and all kinnaras rely;

Whose magnificent armor gives joy to all,

You who dispel all disputes and bad dreams.

 

20 Homage to you, Tara, whose two eyes – the sun and the moon –

Radiate an excellent, illuminating light;

By uttering HARA twice and TUTTARA,

You dispel all violent epidemic disease.

 

21 Homage to you, Tara, adorned by the three suchnesses,

Perfectly endowed with the power of serenity,

You who destroy the host of evil spirits, raised corpses, and yakshas,

O TURE, most excellent and sublime!

 

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Swift Healing with White Tara: the Rapid Path to Long Life, Merit, Wisdom, and Health

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

When I need help in a hurry, Tara is the “swift one”—the One I call on first. If I’m in trouble, Green Tara. If I’m sick, White Tara. So far, end of life isn’t top of mind, but if I was concerned about how long I might live to practice dharma, I’d also think of Sita Tara (White Tara). [White Tara guided meditation video below.]

By Lee Kane

“White Tara is particularly associated with healing, protecting and stabilizing your life-force.” Gelek Rimpoche

White Tara is as much the “swift heroine” as Green Tara—since they’re both aspects of Tara, who is known as the “swift savior.” Although I practice many types of self-healing—and also healing for others, now that my parents and friends are aging—I’ve found Sita Tara is the fastest to bring “first aid” as well as the most effective for long-term health.

I do, personally, work with several effective healing Buddhist practices and deities—including the most wonderful Medicine Buddha Bhaisajyagururaja—but, if I’m in pain, in need of quick help, or feel my very life is threatened by illness, White Tara is my main practice. Why? Because, Tara’s help is immediate, and nearly miraculous in results. [For a guided video meditaiton with H.E. Zasep Rinpoche, see below. For a very short White Tara practice that does not require empowerment see “Simple White Tara Practice” section at the end of this feature].

 

White Tara is particularly effective in Mahayana Buddhism for long life and healing practice.

White Tara is particularly effective in Mahayana Buddhism for long life and healing practice.Visually, She is notable for Her seven eyes—four on the palms of Her hands and soles of Her feet, one in Her wisdom eye location, and Her two regular eyes. She is a Female Buddha—an aspect of Arya Tara.

 

Daily, I practice both Medicine Buddha and Tara—both simple practices involving offerings, affirmations and mantras. Regularly, since I have initiation and instruction from my teacher, I also fulfill my commitments for their sadhanas and try to keep my Bodhisattva vows.

I find both White Tara and Medicine Buddha practices are effective, both generate merit to help overcome negativities and bad karmic potentials, both heal, both maintain health. However, if I feel the matter is urgent, White Tara’s mantra’s is on my lips automatically, especially for my aging parents. It’s not for nothing she’s called the “swift one.” She embodies the activity of compassion and wisdom. [For information on Medicine Buddha, please see our story “The First Doctor: Medicine Buddha Bhaisajyaguru—Empowering You to Heal.”]

In Tibet, there’s a saying, “For protection, call on your protector if you have time—but call on Tara if you have no time.” (I’m paraphrasing.)

A prayer from the fifth Dalai Lama puts it this way: “Merely by remembering Her feet one is protected.”

 

Sita Tara or White Tara visualization. Tara is white, with one face, two hands, holds uptala flowers and sits on a lotus throne and moon disc.

Sita Tara or White Tara visualization. Tara is white, with one face, two hands, holds uptala flowers and sits on a lotus throne and moon disc.

 

Is White Tara the Same as Tara?

“The main characteristic of Arya Tara— Noble Tara— is that she is a Buddha who in earlier times promised to always be born in the pure form of a female body in order to help living beings reach enlightenment. There are many outer and inner impediments that practitioners encounter, so Arya Tara manifests in order to eliminate hindrances and obstacles one runs in to while on the path to liberation from suffering.”

—Venerable Chöje Lama Phuntsok

 

Venerable Choje Lama Phuntsok

Venerable Choje Lama Phuntsok

 

White Tara is one of the main 21 manifestations of Arya Tara—which means, yes, She is Tara. In Venerable Choje Lama Phuntsok’s words: [White] “Tara protects disciples from one of the main outer hindrances, which is death – she helps practitioners live a long life.”

There’s an old unattributed Buddhist saying—which is my way of demonstrating why White Tara is for healing practice:

“Good Health is the simply the slowest way for a human to die.”— Unknown

Explaining from the point of view of the Kagyu lineage, Venerable Lama Phuntsok said: ” …White Arya Tara, from among the 21 Taras, frees practitioners from untimely death. It is truly possible to extend the span of one’s life by practicing White Tara and this will be very beneficial for one’s Dharma practice.”

Short 30 minute White Tara teaching and guided visualization with animated graphics and beautiful images of White Tara, taught by H.E. Zasep Rinpoche:

How Does Tara Heal?

Again, drawing on the teachings of Venerable Lama Phuntsok, White Tara overcomes the impediment to long life and long Dharma practice: “All problems—sufferings, sicknesses, and diseases arise from thoughts that are based upon attachment, aversion, and ignorance as to the way things really are. It is said again and again that the worst obstacle is the third—concepts and thoughts. We continually think that we want to be happy and be free from suffering; we therefore never stop wanting more and more and as a result increase our attachment and aversion.”

Buddhism teaches that “we are the creators of our own suffering,” said Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche at a recent Lojong Seven-Point Mind Training retreat at Gaden Choling Toronto. “Everything depends on mind.”

 

His Eminence Zasep Tulku Rinpoche giving teachings on Medicine Guru to a large audience.

His Eminence Zasep Tulku Rinpoche giving teachings on Medicine Guru to a large audience. Rinpoche also teaches Tara practice for healing. He is spiritual head of many Gelugpa centres in Canada, the United States and Australia.

 

From this point of view, all of our problems, including health issues, arise from our mind and concepts. Tara helps us to overcome the obstacles of mind and body. At a relative level, Tara rescues from disease, illness and apparently “external” health factors. At an ultimate level, Tara protects our mind, preventing the rising of attachments, aversion and ignorance.

Famously, Tara protects from the eight fears—fear of fire, lions elephants, snakes, imprisonment, floods, demons, robbers—but these eight fears are also “metaphors” for the cause of our obstacles leading to suffering. The fifth great Dalai Lama wrote a magnificent praise for Green Tara where he illustrated the metaphors of the eight great internal fears: anger (fire), pride (lions), ignorance (elephants), snakes (envy), imprisonment (avarice), floods (attachment), demons (doubt) and robbers (wrong views.)

 

White Tara is an aspect of Tara, a fully Enlightened Buddha. She helps us recover from or prevent illness and helps bring long, healthy life for you or someone you care about.

White Tara is an aspect of Tara, a fully Enlightened Buddha. She helps us recover from or prevent illness and helps bring long, healthy life for you or someone you care about.

 

Practicing White Tara

Sita Tara rescues all, and requires no special permissions or initiations to practice at a basic level. Advanced practices, some sadhanas and advanced healing certainly require a teacher’s guidance and permission, but the meditations and practices I’m discussing here are for anyone.

Meditating on Sita Tara is a good place to start. If you have time, take a half hour and meditate along with Gelek Rimpoche of Jewel Heart—a well-known and highly realized teacher of the Gelugpa tradition.

Gelek Rimpoche of Jewel Heart “White Tara Guided Meditation”:

 

Mantra and Meditation

Mantra is very effective for protection and healing both. Simply repeating the mantra with focus is enough to bring healing. Visualizing Tara’s blessings entering into your body as purifying light, purging illness and pushing out negativities as black smoke or sludge, is even more affirming, strengthening the blessing.

 

White Tara's mantra in sanskrit script.

White Tara’s mantra in sanskrit script.

 

According to the FPMT Education Department, “This meditation can be done on behalf of oneself or others. It is frequently done to remove the obstacles to our gurus’ long lives and health. If one has experienced many health problems, accidents, depression, or a loss of “lust for life,” the practice of White Tara can be especially powerful.”

Tara Mantra

Tara’s mantra, chanted by millions daily around the world connects with Tara, including the White aspect—since all Tara’s are ultimately one:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha

Pronounced Aum Tah-ray Tew-tah-ray Tew-ray Svah-ha. Svaha is sometimes pronounced Soha in Tibetan traditions.

The root Tara mantra (above) is as effective as the more specialized White Tara mantra (see White Tara Mantra below)—which adds more specific requests and intentions.

 

In more advanced mantra practice, and in sadhanas authorized by teachers, Tara's ten syllable mantra may be visualized surrounding the seed syllable Tam (shown in the centre). Surrounding the Tam, are the Tibetan syllables beginning at the top (Om) then left clockwise.

Tara’s ten syllable mantra may be visualized surrounding the seed syllable Tam (shown in the centre). Surrounding the Tam, are the Tibetan syllables beginning at the top (Om) then left clockwise.

 

Mantras were given by the Buddhas via Sutra or transmission of lineage, and carry great cumulative, power. Mantra literally can translate as “mind protection.” Since mind affects health, a Sanskrit mantra dedicated specifically to healing is very effective.

The meaning of the mantra is explained numerous ways by many great teachers, all of which are complimentary and correct. Lama Zopa Rinpoche taught [2]:

  • “TARE shows that Mother Tara liberates living beings from samsara”
  • “TUTTARE liberates you from the eight fears related to the external dangers from fire, water, air, earth and also from such things as thieves and dangerous animals. However the main dangers come from ignorance, attachment, anger, pride, jealousy, miserliness, doubt and wrong views.”
  • “TURE liberates you from disease”—so Green Tara is equally the Healer as White.

 

The 21 forms of Tara include White Tara and Green Tara, among the most beloved deities in Tibetan Buddhism.

The 21 forms of Tara include White Tara and Green Tara, among the most beloved deities in Tibetan Buddhism.

 

One reason Tara’s mantra is especially meaningful is that it contains within it the entire teachings on the Four Noble Truths. See our previous stories on Tara in Buddha Weekly for more on this:

Here is one of the most beautiful sung versions of Tara’s mantra by the Internationally famous Ani Choying Dolma at the Rigpa Center Berlin:

 

 

Lung or Empowerment

Although Tara mantras can be practiced by anyone—they are more effective when transmitted by a teacher. If you are in need of healing, it would be ideal to seek out a qualified lineage teacher and ask for either lung or initiation. Lung is, broadly speaking, transmission of the mantra itself (or permission to use the mantra), whereas initiation (also known as empowerment) can involve complete deity practice and commitments.

 

Lama Zopa Rinpoche is a highly realized teacher and spiritual head of FPMT.

Lama Zopa Rinpoche is a highly realized teacher and spiritual head of FPMT.

 

According to the highly realized teacher Lama Zopa Rinpoche and the FPMT, “empowerment of Tara is needed to practice [Tara’s] sadhana in full. However, one can do this practice without such an empowerment as long as one does not generate oneself as the deity. If one does not have the empowerment, one can do the self-generation practice at the crown of one’s head.” Basically, visualize Tara and meditate on her, and receive blessings from her, but do not absorb or merge with Tara—a more advance practice.

With or without empowerment, all mantras carry the blessings of the deity—connecting us with our inner Buddha or Tara (Buddhanature). Mantas are quite powerful in meditation and active healing. If empowerment or lung is impossible, the mantras are less powerful, but still effective. I chanted Tara’s mantra for eight years before a teacher came into my life to guide me and empower my practice of Tara. I believe, in some ways, chanting the mantra for those years created the conditions for me to find my teacher.

 

White Tara visualized here with a white TAM seed syllable at her heart. TAM is the seed syllable of all Taras, who are all Tara. Typically Green Tara is visualized as a green Tam, and White Tara as a white syllable. The seed syllable contains the essence not only of the mantra, but also Tara Herself.

White Tara visualized here with a white TAM seed syllable at her heart. TAM is the seed syllable of all Taras, who are all Tara. Typically Green Tara is visualized as a green Tam, and White Tara as a white syllable. The seed syllable contains the essence not only of the mantra, but also Tara Herself.

 

Anyone can chant Tara’s mantra. The visualizations and certain other practices are different if you receive teachings from a qualified teacher. In Tibet, some of the first words children learn to speak are mantras, particularly “Om Mani Padme Hum” and “Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha.”

White Tara Mantra

White Tara mantra is Tara’s root mantra, but energized with additional intentions and “words of power.” After Om Tare Tuttare Ture—and before the final Svaha—the mantra adds “Mama Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha, thus becoming:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Mama Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

Pronounced: oṃ tā re tu ttā re tu re ma ma ā yuḥ pu ṇya jñā na pu ṣṭiṃ ku ru svā hā

 

White Tara's mantra in Tibetan Script. Above is an image of the mantra in Sanskrit.

White Tara’s mantra in Tibetan Script. Above is an image of the mantra in Sanskrit.

 

In Tibetan pronunciation this might sound like:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Mama Ayur Puney Gyana Puntin Kuru Soha

Thee extra words do have multiple meanings, but are generally translated as:

  • Mama — “mine” or “I would like to possess these qualities”
  • Ayuh —”long life” — for which White Tara is famous
  • Punya ­— “merit” — to live ethically
  • Jnana — “wisdom”
  • Pushtim — “increase”

 

The Tam syllable, seed syllable of Tara, is most often visualized at Her heart, glowing and emanating healing green light. TAM normally sits on a lotus.

The Tam syllable, seed syllable of Tara, is most often visualized at Her heart, glowing and emanating healing light. TAM normally sits on a lotus. Here the TAM is green, which can represent any Tara. Often White Tara practice visualizes the Tam as white.

 

When added to the root Tara Mantra, the mantra is basically drawing on Tara’s power to increase my long life, merit and wisdom and blessings.

For main healing practice, normally the mantra is recited with visualizations of Tara, however singing or chanting is a very beautiful and effective way to receive the blessings.

Here’s one of the most beautiful “chanted” versions.

 

 

Versatility of the White Tara Mantra

Healing and helping others is something we all should all wish to accomplish. Aside from the selfish goal of increasing our own merit and good karma, we engage our compassion as humans and Buddhists when we think of others.

The White Tara mantra can be modified from a “personal” affirmation to one targeted at someone else. “Mama” in the mantra means “mine”, or “I” or “me” meant for self healing. Simply replacing “Mama” with the name of another person sends Tara’s healing power and blessings to someone else.

For instance, if we wanted to practice White Tara for the long life of my teacher or parents, we would substitute Mama:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture [person’s name] Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

Wishing my teacher long life would become

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Zasep Rinpoche Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

Wishing the Dalai Lama long life would become

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Tenzin Gyatso Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

There are also forms of White Tara’s mantra for subduing or pacifying, with somewhat different wording, meant for subjugating fevers, viruses, evil spirits and so on, but those are more advanced practices that should be guided by a teacher. Fevers, evil spirits and viruses are equally subdued by the main White Tara mantra, or even the root mantra of Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha.

 

Buddha-Weekly-White Tara with Roses-Buddhism

 

More Advanced White Tara Healing

Tibetan medicine often makes use of “mantra-blessed water or medicines.” At a basic level, after performing a twenty or thirty minute mantra recitation-meditation, preferably visualizing Tara, blow on your medicine or a glass of water and visualize the mantra’s “power of Tara’s speech” as light coming from your mouth and being absorbed. Then, consume the medicine.

In more intense practices, or when the medicine is for someone else, you can place a week’s supply of medicine on a table or shrine dedicated to Tara with Her Image, some water bowl offerings, perhaps Her mantra written out, and other meaningful objects. Chant the mantra for a week, then use/dispense the blessed medicine.

Finally, mantra’s fullest ripening comes from full performance of a sadhana. These are passed down through the centuries by direct transmission of teacher to teacher, right back to the Buddha or Enlightened Being. These normally require a teacher’s transmission, lung or empowerment. Some sadhanas, such as White Tara’s sadhana written by the fifth Great Dalai Lama can be performed by anyone, provided the uninitiated do not generate themselves as the deity. In other words, substitute simple visualization for generation of oneself as Tara.

 

Visualizing White Tara. Important symbolic characterstics include white skin, the appearance of a beautiful young woman seated on a splendid Lotus throne and moon disc. White Tara has seven eyes, two eyes on her face, plus wisdom eye on her forehead, and eyes on each hand and foot.

Visualizing White Tara. Important symbolic characterstics include white skin, the appearance of a beautiful young woman seated on a splendid Lotus throne and moon disc. White Tara has seven eyes, two eyes on Her face, plus wisdom eye on Her forehead, and eyes on each hand and foot.

 

White Tara’s Visualization

Visualizing Tara is an important part of mantra recitation when possible. Although the mantra can be recited while walking, cooking, etc, when engaging in a highly focused healing practice, sitting with eyes closed (or half closed) in meditation is best.

“Visualization isn’t the best translation for what we do,” explained Venerable Jigme in her talk during a White Tara Retreat (see video below). “We’re actually working with our imagination. Visualization implies that we’re working with a visual image, and then using our eyes. So, we’re working with our imagination… not only are we working with imagined sights, but we’re working with imagined touch and smells and sounds, physical sensations and feelings.”

“We use our imaginations in a very practical manner to develop the potential we all have to transform ourselves,” Venerable Jigme continued. “So, it’s quite an important piece of our practice! It’s a very creative process.”

 

White Tara has Her own mantra, Oṃ Tāre Tuttāre Ture Mama Ayuḥ Punya Jñānā Puṣtiṃ Kuru Svāhā, known to be actively beneficial in the practices of Long Life and Health.

White Tara has Her own mantra, Oṃ Tāre Tuttāre Ture Mama Ayuḥ Punya Jñānā Puṣtiṃ Kuru Svāhā, known to be actively beneficial in the practices of Long Life and Health. This tangkha is correctly visualized. Amitayas, the long life aspect of the Buddha Amitabha, sits as an ornament over her head.

 

Tara’s Image

When you have a teacher’s guidance—the visualization would be as he or she instructs. There are generation practices associated with some initiations, but none of that should be contemplated without a teacher.

For someone without a teacher’s guidance, a basic visualization of Tara in front of you—generally involving healing white light flowing from Tara into you or the person being healed—is simplest. Sometimes you visualize Tara on top of your head, arising from your crown chakra sitting on a lotus throne with 1000 petals.

You can make the visualization simple or complex. More complex and detailed visualizations engage the mind to a higher level, and tend to be more effective for that reason. Visualize what you can of the following details.

White Tara is shining white, the nature of light, a glowing beacon of healing, vitality and perfection. We wouldn’t think of Tara as flesh and bone, but as glorious, spectacular, awe-inspiring (and at the same time) soothing light. Sometimes, what is meant by “body of light” is “uncontaminated body.”

 

White Tara "body" is visualized as being the nature light.

White Tara “body” is visualized as being the nature light.

 

In the same way Tara is visualized uncontaminated and spectacular, we should see Her arrayed in gorgeous silks and shining jewels like stars. Tara, Her name, literally translates as “star.” The beautiful ornaments are not meant to show attachment, but are symbolic of Her transcendence. On the crown of Her head is a crown of five sides representing the five Dhyani Buddhas and on top of Her hair knot is Amitayas Buddha, the Buddha of Long Life. Amitayus is the Long Life emanation of Amitabha. With other Taras we visualize Amitabha as her hair ornament. Amitabha and Amitayus are the same Buddha, different manifestations (similar to Green and White Tara). Amitayas and Amitabha are both red in colour.

We visualize Tara sitting on a thousand-petal white lotus. She is sitting in a position of meditative equipoise in the vajra (full lotus) position. The glorious lotus signifies renunciation, the spontaneous wish to be free from samsara, or cyclic existence. From Geshe Wangdu’s White Tara Commentary: ” So the manner in which the lotus signifies renunciation is that, even though the lotus itself was born out of a pond, what we call a swamp, or a muddy pond, even though it grows out of that, when it blooms on top of the water, there’s not even a bit of mud on its’ petals, and it is free of the mud itself. That is how it resembles renunciation.”

 

Healing practice with White Tara is enhanced when you visualize as many details of Tara's appearance as possible.

Healing practice with White Tara is enhanced when you visualize as many details of Tara’s appearance as possible.

 

The Lotus and Moon Disc

On the lotus is a moon-disc, representing all-important bodhicitta, and the wish to achieve enlightenment. The deity sits on both a lotus and moon-disc, indicating Tara has achieved enlightenment through renunciation and bodhicitta.

Beautiful Tara Herself has one face, two arms, but—importantly—seven eyes. An eye appears on each of Her hand palms, Her feet and three on Her face (two “regular” eyes and the wisdom eye on the forehead chakra). The eyes represent how the Mother of the Buddhas sees all our suffering.

 

White Tara has seven eyes.

White Tara has seven eyes.

 

Seven Eyes of White Tara

Very strikingly, the position of the seven eyes create the shape of the sankrit letter TAM which is Tara’s mantra when you connect the eyes with lines), according to Visible Mantra[3]. Also, they symbolize the special relationship between the five “extra” eyes of White Tara and the five Dhyani Buddhas: Akshobya, Amitabha, Amoghisiddhi, Vairochana and Ratnasambhava.

Om Ah Hung in Tibetan script. We visualize these glowing syllables radiating from the crown (Om), Throat (Ah), and Heart (Hum) in white, red and blue.

Om Ah Hung in Tibetan script. We visualize these glowing syllables radiating from the crown (Om), Throat (Ah), and Heart (Hum) in white, red and blue.

The right hand of Tara is in the “mudra” (hand gesture representing) Supreme Generosity—the mudra that signifies Tara is ready and willing to grant us the state of Enlightenment.

The left hand of Tara holds a white lotus flower or uptala. Uptala is really a different flower from the lotus, but most people are content with visualizing a lotus. The uptala stems out in three branches, each with a different flower, one in full bloom, one about to open, one just a bud. These represent the Buddhas of the three times: past, present and future.

In advanced visualizations, we’d see a white syllable TAM—Tara’s seed syllable mantra. If you don’t know what that is, it’s best to wait for a teacher. The Tam is normally at her heart. Often, visualizations would—as with other Buddhas—visualize shining seed syllables OM, AH and HUM at her crown, throat and heart respectively. These represent the Holy body (OM), speech (AH) and mind (HUM) of Tara Buddha.

Healing Light Visualization

You might visualize (imagine) white healing light flowing from Tara into your crown chakra (top of your head) or heart chakra, or all of your chakras. The energy fills you as you chant the mantra, displacing negativities, bad karma, disease and other impurities—often visualized as black smoke or sludge dispelled violently from your body. For advanced practices, your teacher would guide your visualization, but for simple practices, the healing light is a safe, effective image.

As a final note, try to imagine Tara as a real, three dimensional being of light, who can move, speak, gesture, transmit—Tara is above all “activity” of the Buddhas and definitely not a static two-dimensional picture.

For a better description on how to visualize during Tara Deity Practice, please refer to Venerable Jigme (Sravasti Abbey’s” teaching video, part of a White Tara retreat (7 minute video):

 

 

Simple White Tara Practice

A simple daily practice, or a practice that you could use when you are ill, would normally include some basic fundamentals, such as going for refuge. Many teachers say that Refuge is the first healing. When you take refuge in Buddha, Dharma and Sangha, that refuge will help you in all your difficulties, including illness. To the practice of refuge, you might add a simple offering of water bowls, in front of an image of White Tara. Basically, a simple practice, not requiring empowerments, would be:

  1. Take refuge and dedicate.
  2. The four immeasurables: This prayer affirms your wishes that all beings not suffer and be happy—important to generate loving kindness and Bodhicitta.
  3. Make an offering (for example, a water bowl offering—see our article “Buddhist Water Bowl Offerings as an Antidote to Attachment”)
  4. Preferably recite the Seven Limbs practice (seven short lines that contain the essence of good practice).
  5. Visualize Tara as described above or as indicated by your teacher. Normally you visualize Tara in front of you when you do not have teacher instructions.
  6. Recite the mantra (either Tara’s root mantra, or the full White Tara mantra, optionally with the name of the person who is ill replacing “mama” in the mantra. As you recite, visualize white healing light and energy transmitting from Tara to you or the person. In advanced visualizations this might emit from Tara’s heart chakra and absorb into your heart chakra, or as advised by your teacher.
  7. Affirmation prayers (optional)
  8. Dedicate the merit. (This is generally very important).

Typical Refuge Prayer (normally 3 times)

I go for refuge until I am enlightened.

To the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Supreme Assembly.

By my practice of giving and other perfections,

May I become a buddha to benefit all sentient beings.

Four Immeasurables

May all beings have happiness and its causes,

May they never have suffering or its causes.

May they constantly dwell in joy transcending sorrow;

May they dwell in equal love for both near and far.

Offering

You can visualize mental offerings if you don’t have bowls of water. Buddhas do not need your offering. You are generating merit by this practice.

Seven Limbs

To You Venerable Tara, with my body, speech and mind, I respectfully prostrate.

I offer flowers, incense, butter lamps, perfume, food, music and a vast collection of offerings, both actually set out and emanated through wisdom and imagination.

I declare all my non-virtuous acts since beginningless time.

I rejoice in the virtuous merit accumulated by Holy and ordinary beings.

I request You turn the wheel of Dharma.

I beseech You to remain until samsara ends. Please, with your boundless compassion, look upon all beings drowning in the ocean of suffering.

May whatever merit I have accumulated be transformed into the cause for Enlightenment so that I may help all sentient beings.

Mantra and Visualization

Visualize Tara and healing energy and recite one of the mantras:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha

or

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Mama Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

or, if healing or doing long life practice for another person such as your teacher, substitute person’s name for “Mama”

Om Tare Tuttare Ture PERSON’S NAME Ayuh Punya Jnana Pushtim Kuru Svaha

Dedication

By this merit may I quickly reach

The enlightened state,

So that I may lead all living beings without exception

To the same Enlightenment.

A Praise to White Tara by the First Dalai Lama

Another healing practice is to recite sutras or texts, or to pray to Tara daily. The First Dalai Lama Gyalwa Gendun Drub’s “A Praise of White Tara” is especially powerful—written centuries ago:

Homage to the Female Buddha beautiful with youth

Who sits on seats of white lotus and moon in nature

Spreading with stainless compassion and knowledge,

Who captures the radiance of snow mountains.

Homage to the Youthful One with budding breasts,

Who has one face and two arms, sits in the vajra posture,

Is bold with grace and calm, has a full moon as backrest

And is filled with great bliss.

Homage to the Ultimately Generous One whose right hand,

Showing the mudra Supreme Giving

Easily releases boundless karmas of peace, increase, power and wrath

As well as the eight siddhis and even supreme Buddhahood.

Homage to the Spiritual Mother who gives birth to Buddhas

Past, present and future; whose left hand

Supporting a blue lotus, grants protection

From lions, elephants, fires and all eight terrors.

Homage to the Refuge of the World, who has eyes

In hands and feet gazing at the four doors of freedom

And who leads all living creatures

Toward the isle of blissful liberation.

Homage to she whose face unites

The beauty of a million autumn moons,

Whose wide eyes gaze with compassion

Whose Joyous mouth smiles equally on all.

Homage to she with head adorned by Amitayus, boundless Life,

The mere thought of whom grants life and wisdom,

Whose hand, in the contemplative mudra,

Hold a vase filled with ambrosia of immortality.

Homage to the All-Beautified One whose crown

Steals the light of sun and moon,

Whose sapphire hair is half knotted on top

And half falling freely over her shoulders.

Homage to the Majestic One of precious ornament blazing,

Whose crown, earrings, necklaces, arm-bands,

Bracelets, anklets and belt so elegantly arranged

Surpass the ornaments of men and gods.

Homage to she of celestial raiment,

Whose shoulder-sash and skirt

Hug her body like rainbows

Hug the crystal mountains.

Homage to the goddess before whose lotus feet

Vishnu, Indra, Shiva, Brahma, the antigods, spirits,

Men, semi-humans and all the world

Submit themselves in devotion.

Merely by reciting your mantra,

Those who make offerings at your lotus feet

Gain immortality, wisdom and merit

And attain all desired siddhis; to you I bow down.

The knowledge, compassion and perfect actions of all Buddhas

Appear in the form of the beautiful goddess

I take refuge in you and offer you my prayers;

Pray eliminate all my obstacles and fulfill all my aims.

Quickly release your perfect action of peace,

Calming all interferences to my practices for enlightenment;

Interferences such as the eight terrors,

Sickness, demons and other harmful agents, inner and outer.

Quickly release your perfect action of increase which multiplies

All good qualities, such as life, merit, unapprehending compassion,

The stainless wisdoms of learning, contemplation and meditation,

And the three higher trainings.

Quickly release your perfect action of power,

Which causes gods, men and spirits

To humbly bow before you

And which fulfils all wishes of the mind.

Quickly release your perfect action of wrath,

Which with punishments befitting the evils done

Destroys demons, interferences and hindrances

Hateful opposing Buddhadharma and its holders.

Pray, bestow quick and easy attainment of siddhis

Such as the magic sword, mystic eye-medicine, fast-walking,

The food pill and the precious vase,

And even mahamudra, the highest siddhi.

In brief, from now until enlightenment

I respectfully make offerings at your lotus feet

I need seek no other refuge

Out of compassion gaze upon me and quickly grant protection.

By the meritorious energy of this practice

May the transcended, perfect Tara

Look upon me forever with pleasure

And never leave me, even for a moment.

May all sentient beings after death take rebirth

Before Amitayus in Sukavati, Land of Pure Joy,

May they live in the ways of the great Bodhisattvas

And come to equal Avalokiteshvara, Lord of Compassion.

May I realise the oceans of Sutras and Tantras

To be able to pass them on to others;

And until samsara be emptied may I strive

To uphold the victory banner of practicing exactly as taught.

Mantra: OM TAREE TU-TAREE TUREE MAMA AYU-PUNYE-JANA PUTIM KURU SOHA

The Colophon: This praise of exalted White Tara, supreme mother of all Buddhas, was written by the monk Gyalwa Gendun Drub while he was residing in the Hermitage of Great Awakening at the Tegchen Potreng.

NOTES
[1] Presented at the Kamalashila Institute in Germany, 2005 https://www.rinpoche.com/teachings/whitetara.htm

[2] Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archive. Kyabje Lama Zopa Rinpoche speaking at Nepal, May 1987. https://www.lamayeshe.com/index.php?sect=article&id=357

[3] White Tara, Tam and the Mandala, Visible Mantra https://www.visiblemantra.org/whitetara-mandala.html

The post Swift Healing with White Tara: the Rapid Path to Long Life, Merit, Wisdom, and Health appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Lama Tsongkhapa: A Short, Powerful Practice Helps Bring Compassion, Wisdom, Good Fortune, and Healing

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Lovely statue of the great sage Lama Je Tsong Khapa.

“In my opinion, having the opportunity to practice the guru yoga of the great holy being Lama Tsongkhapa, is more fortunate than having the chance to receive and practice other Dharma teachings,” wrote Lama Zopa Rinpoche, in the book Guru Yoga.

“After I pass away and my pure doctrine is absent,
You will appear as an ordinary being,
Performing the deeds of a Buddha
And establishing the Joyful Land, the great Protector,
In the Land of the Snows.”

-Buddha Shakyamuni in the Root Tantra of Manjushri

 

Many great teachers rely on Lama Tsongkhapa

Many famous gurus, lamas and teachers — including the Dalai Lama, (two videos from His Holiness below), Lama Zopa Rinpoche, H.E. Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, and most Tibetan Gelugpa teachers — teach this very powerful, yet accessible practice. The practice does not require initiation or empowerment—although the guidance of a teacher and initiation are beneficial.

Kyabje Lama Zopa Rinpoche advised:

“If one keeps even a drop of the nectar of the name of this holy being Lama Tsongkhapa in a devotional heart, it plants the seed of liberation and one receives the fortune to practice and enjoy happiness from this life up to enlightenment.”

The Migtsema mantra of Lama Tsongkahpa is a complete practice. Chant along with the wonderful voice of Yoko Dharma:

The Buddha of Our Times

Lama Tsongkhapa is a “Buddha of our times” in the Gelug Vajrayana tradition. As an enlightened being, Buddha Tsongkhapa has the same realizations as all of the Conquerors (Buddhas). His practice is very powerful, in part, because he was an emanation of Avalokitesvara (compassion), Manjushri (wisdom), and Vajrapani (power). Famously, Lama Tsongkhapa wrote the three volume Lam Rim Chenmo text: The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment (see below), books on Lamrim that numerous serious practitioners read, reread and refer to throughout their lives.

 

Beautiful Tangkha of Lam Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism, who is considered to be an Enlightened Buddha.

Beautiful Tangkha of Lama Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism, who is considered to be an Enlightened Buddha. Lama Tsongkhapa in centre, his two “spiritual sons” (disciples) close by his knees, Shakyamuni Buddha top centre.

 

He is visualized as a wise and kind guru, smiling and beautiful, with a tall yellow pandit’s hat, seated on a lotus throne, with all the marks and signs of a Buddha. His kind, smiling visage makes him approachable to many new to His practice, while his authority as a great Sage makes him reliable and beneficial.

His Holiness the Dalai Lama teachings on Lama Tsongkhapa, Commentary on Lam Rim Chenmo:

Tsongkhapa, the Second Great Sage

Tsongkhapa (Je Tsong-kha-pa Blo-bzang grags-pa) (1357-1419) is considered, by millions, to be a great sage. Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, is the great Sage of our times, the Enlightened Buddha. Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche), another enlightened sage, foretold Tsongkhapa’s coming.

Tsongkhapa famously wrote numerous authoritative texts, and notably the Lamrin Chenmo. His teachings rejuvenated Buddhism at a time when it fell into degenerate beliefs, and fused Sutra practices with Tantra. Tsongkhapa’s teachings instilled such belief and practice in Tibetan Buddhists that it had a profound impact on the history of Asia. Practices Tsongkhapa taught found their way into China, Japan, Korea, India and ultimately around the world.

 

Lama Tsong Khapa

Lama Tsong Khapa

 

“Both Buddha Shakyamuni and Guru Rinpoche prophesied Tsongkhapa’s birth and attainments,” wrote Alexander Berzin, August 2003, partly based on a discourse by Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey, Dharamsala, India. “Buddha prophesied Manjushri would be born as a boy in Tibet, would found Ganden monastery, and would present a crown to [Buddha’s] statue… Guru Rinpoche also prophesied a monk named Lozang-dragpa would be born near China, would be regarded as an emanation of a great bodhisattva…”

In the Manjushri Root Text Buddha says, “After I have passed away, you will in the form of a child perform the actions of buddha.”

 

HH the Dalai Lama iln front of a sacred tangkha depicting Lama Tsongkhapa. Lama Tsongkhapa founded the Gelug Tibetan school of Buddhism, to which His Holiness belongs.

HH the Dalai Lama iln front of a sacred tangkha depicting Lama Tsongkhapa. Lama Tsongkhapa founded the Gelug Tibetan school of Buddhism, to which His Holiness belongs.

 

 

Tsongkhapa Practice: Short, Complete and Powerful

Daily Lama Tsongkhapa’s Guru Yoga makes it easier for us to develop compassion, and let go of anger. It is a short practice, ideal for busy people with little time to meditate.

Many Gelugpa teachers advocate Lamrim and foundation practices, including Lama Tsongkhapa and Vajrasattva practice. For example, the students of teacher Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, are taught in the “Guidelines for Students” to study sutra, tantra, Mamhamudra, Lam Rim Chen Mo, and deity yoga: “This is the order… Lama Tsongkhapa including Manjushri, Chenrezig, Vajrapani” followed by other Kirya Tantra deity practices.

 

Zasep Tulku Rinpoche teaching at Gaden Choling on Ngondro, spoke at length about the healing benefits of Black Manjushri and Medicine Buddha.

Zasep Tulku Rinpoche teaching at Gaden Choling. To his right are Buddha Shakyamuni and in front, Lama Tsongkhapa. Rinpoche emphasizes the importance of Lama Tsongkahapa, Lamrim and foundation practices (Ngondro).

 

Tsongkhapa Mantra and Migstema

The mantra of Lama Tsongkhapa, which can be spoken by anyone, is:

 

    OM AH GURU VAJRADHARA SUMATI KIRTI SIDDHI HUM

 

The Migstema Tsongkhapa mantra chanted by Chanted by Lama Ngawang Thogmey. Recorded in san Antonio, Texas.

 

The Migstema mantra can also be spoken and visualized by anyone for great benefits:

MIG MEY TZE WAY TER CHEN CHENREZIG

DRI MEY KHYEN PI WANG PO JAMPAL YANG

DU PUNG MA LU JOM DZEY SANG WEY DAG

GANG CHENG KE PEY TSUG GYEN TSONGKHAPA

LO SANG TRAG PEY SHAB LA SOL WA DEB

This can also be spoken in English, although it tends to be easier to memorize, chant and empower in the Tibetan. The English reads as:

 

Objectless compassion, Cherezig

Lord of stainless wisdom, Manjushri,

Conquering mara’s hordes, Vajrapani,

Crown jewel of the Sages of the Land of Snows, Tsongkhapa,

Losang Drakpa, at your feet, I pray.

 

Some teachers say that the Migstema mantra is so very powerful because it combines the great mantras of Avalokitesvara (Chenrezig), Manjushri and Vajrapani:

Objectless compassion, Cherezig   OM MANI PADME HUM

Lord of stainless wisdom, Manjushri   OM AH RA BA TSA NA DHI

Conquering mara’s hordes, Vajrapani  OM VAJRAPANI HUM

Crown jewel of the Sages of the Land of Snows, Tsongkhapa,

Losang Drakpa, at your feet, I pray.

 

A Simple Practice Containing All 84,000 Teachings of Lord Buddha

The short Guru Yoga of Lama Tsongkhapa, on one level, contains all the 84,000 teachings of Lord Buddha. As the practice is short, it is easy to memorize, and quick to practice — ten minutes from beginning to end if you don’t pause to meditate or to chant extra mantras.

Lama Tsongkhapa butter lamp offerings.

In the very precious Tibetan Buddhist tradition, practices always incorporate all three of the body, speech and mind. For example:

  • For body, we might fold our hands in prayer, bow, or make a symbolic mudra (hand gesture) for offerings.
  • For speech, we say the words of praise, the vows of Bodhichitta, and the mantras which help focus our minds
  • For mind, especially in Tibetan tradition, we visualize or imagine the Buddha in our minds, and also try to keep that visualization and the practice in context with the concept of wisdom — in this case, our own understanding of emptiness, dependent arising and so on.

As always, with any traditional Mahayana practice, there are common elements with all practices, including:;

  • Refuge: we always take refuge in the three jewels: Buddha Dharma, and Sangha
  • Bodhichitta vow: the most precious promise to benefit all sentient beings
  • The Four Immeasurable Attitudes: aspirations for the benefit of al all beings
  • Visualization: imagining or picturing the “merit field” which means picturing the Enlightened Buddha (in this case Lama Tsongkhapa) and his disciples or attendants.
  • Seven Limbed Prayer: prostrations, offerings, declarations, rejoicing, requesting teachings, requesting Lama Tsongkahapa remain with us always, and a dedication.
  • Offering: in this case a short mandala offering
  • Mantra: spoken and visualized: often visualizing healing light from Lama Tsonkhapa going out to all sentient beings and easing their suffering.
  • Final Dedication: all Tibetan practices always dedicated the merit of the virtue of the practice to the cause for Enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings.

Guru Yoga Practice of Lama Je Tsongkhapa

This version, excerpted from Gaden Choling/ Gaden for the West practice assembled under the guidance of His Eminence Zasep Tulku Rinpoche. [1]

Refuge and Bodhichitta

Beautiful Tangkha of Lam Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism, who is considered to be an Enlightened Buddha.

Say three times:

I take refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha,
Until I attain enlightenment.
By the merit accumulated from practicing generosity and the other perfections,
May I attain Enlightenment in order to benefit all sentient beings.

Cultivating Four Immeasurable Attitudes

Say three times:

May all beings have happiness and its causes,
May all beings be freed from suffering and its causes;
May all beings constantly dwell in joy transcending sorrow;
May all beings dwell in equal love for those both close and distant.

Visualization and Practice

Speak aloud and visualize:

From the heart of the Protector of the hundreds of deities of the the Joyful Land,
To the peak of a cloud which is like a cluster of fresh, white curd,
All-knowing Losang Dragpa, King of the Dharma,
Please come to this place together with your two chief disciples.

In the space before me on a lion throne, lotus, and moon,
The Venerable Gurus smile with delight.
Supreme Field of Merit for my mind of faith,
Please remain for a hundred aeons to spread the teaching.

Seven-Limbed Prayer

Now that you’ve invited and visualized, perform the seven-limbed prayer with all your heart:

Prostrations
Your minds of wisdom realize the full extent of objects of knowledge,
Your eloquent speech is the ear-ornament of the fortunate,
Your beautiful bodies are ablaze with the glory of renown.
I prostrate to you, whom to see, to hear, and to remember is so meaningful.

Offerings
Pleasing water offerings, various flowers,
Sweet-smelling incense, lights, scented water and so forth,
A vast cloud of offerings both set out and imagined,
I offer to you, Supreme Field of Merit.

Declarations
Whatever non-virtues of body, speech and mind
I have accumulated since time without beginning,
Especially transgressions of my three levels of vows,
With great remorse I declare each one from the depths of my heart.

Rejoicing

The Great Exposition of Secret Mantra, Volume 3 by Lama Tsonkhapa, with a commentary by HH the Dalai Lama

In this degenerate age you strove for much learning and accomplishment.
Abandoning the eight worldly concerns, you made your leisure and endowment meaningful.
Protector, from the very depths of my heart,
I rejoice in the great wave of your deeds.

Request for Dharma Teachings
From the billowing clouds of wisdom and compassion
In the space of your Enlightened minds, venerable and holy Gurus,
Please send down a rain of vast and profound Dharma
Appropriate to the disciples of this world.

Request to Remain
May your Vajra Body, created from the purity of clear light,
Free of the rising and setting of cyclic existence,
But visible to the ordinary viewer only in its unsubtle, physical form,
Stay on unchanging, without waning, until samsara ends.

Dedication
Through the virtues I have accumulated here,
May the teachings and all living beings receive every benefit. Especially may the essence of the teaching
Of Lama Je Tsong Khapa shine forever.

Short Mandala Offering

Mandala offerings from the heart are important. Visualize offering these offering objects as you say:

This mandala is built on a base resplendent with flowers, saffron water and incense,

Adorned with Mount Meru, the four lands, the sun and full moon.
By offering this pure mandala to you assembly of Buddhas here before me,
May all living beings experience pure happiness and be reborn in pure lands.
The objects of desire, aversion and ignorance,
Friend, enemy, and stranger, my body and all possessions,
These I offer without clinging for your enjoyment, Please bless me and all living beings to be released
From the three poisonous minds

OM IDAM GURU RATNA MANDALA KAMNIR YATAYAMI

I send forth this jewelled mandala to you, precious gurus.

Mantra and Migstema

Visualize as instructed by your teacher, or for a basic visualization you can visualize healing light going out to all sentient beings (including yourself) from the heart of Lama Tsongkhapa:

MIG.ME TZE.WAI TER.CHEN CHEN.RE.ZIG
DRI.ME KYEN.PAI WANG.PO JAM.PEL.YANG
DÜ.PUNG MA.LÜ JOM.DZE SANG.WAI DAG
GANG.CHEN KAY.PAI TZUG.GYAN TSONG.KHAPA
LO.ZANG DRAG.PAI ZHAB.LA SOL.WA DEB

You are Avalokitesvara, great treasure of unimaginable compassion,
And Manjushri, master of flawless wisdom,
And Vajrapani, Lord of the Secret and destroyer of hordes of maras without exception.
Tsong Khapa, crown jewel of the sages of the land of snows,
Lozang Dragpa, I make requests at your lotus feet.

MANTRA 7, 21, 108 or as many recitations as you can

OM AH GURU VAJRADHARA SUMATI KIRTI SIDDHI HUM

Requests

Glorious, precious root Guru,
Please come to the lotus and moon seat at my crown,
And in your great kindness, please remain with me.
Please bestow upon me the blessings of your body, speech and mind.
Glorious, precious root Guru,
Please descend to the lotus and moon seat in my heart,
And in your great kindness, please remain with me.
Please grant me the common and supreme realizations.
Glorious, precious root Guru,
Please remain on the lotus and moon seat in my heart,
And in your great kindness, please remain with me.
Please remain until I achieve the essence of Enlightenment.

Dedication

By this virtue may I quickly
Attain the state of a Guru-Buddha (Enlightenment),
And then may I lead every being,
without exception, into that state.
May the most precious and supreme bodhicitta awakening mind
Which has not yet been generated now be generated.
And may the precious mind of bodhicitta which has been generated
Never decline, but always increase.

 

Tsongkhapa the Scholar: The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment

Tsongkhapa’s writings, particularly his The Great Treatise On The Stages Of The Path To Enlightenment, helped re-invigorate the practices of Vajrayana Buddhism, and has been read and studied by countless students. Now, translated into English, in three volumes, The Great Treatise On The Stages Of The Path To Enlightenment is accessible to English-speaking peoples for the first time.

 

Dalai Lama introduces extensive teachings in Tsongkhapa and Lamrim:

“Of the many works of the Tibetan master Tsongkhapa, none compare in terms of popularity and breadth of influence with his Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment (Lamrim Chenmo), which has been treasured by practitioners and scholars alike for centuries,” wrote His Holiness the IVth Dalai Lama.

 

The Great Treatise On The Stages Of The Path To Enlightenment is an English translation, eagerly awaited by English-speaking devotees. The translation took years and was undertaken by the Lamrim Chenmo Translation Committee to their great merit.

The Great Treatise On The Stages Of The Path To Enlightenment is an English translation, eagerly awaited by English-speaking devotees. The translation took years and was undertaken by the Lamrim Chenmo Translation Committee to their great merit.

 

“What distinguishes it as one of the principal texts of Mahayana Buddhism is its scope and clarity. It expounds the entire path from the way one should rely on a spiritual teacher, which is the very root, right up to the attainment of Buddhahood, which is the final fruit. The various stages of the path are presented so clearly and systematically that they can be easily understood and are inspiring to put into practice.”

 

Lama Tsongkhapa.

Lama Tsongkhapa.

 

In Praise Of The Incomparable Tsongkhapa

By Gyalwa Mikyo Dorje, the Eighth Karmapa (1507 – 1554)

Once when Gyalwa Mikyo Dorje was travelling through the Charida Pass, thoughts of the incomparable Tsongkhapa welled up within him. Overcome by profound faith, he was moved to compose the above poem.

At a time when nearly all in this Northern Land
Were living in utter contradiction to Dharma,
Without illusion, O Tsongkhapa, you polished the teachings.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

When the teachings of the Sakya, Kargu, Kadam
And Nyingma sects in Tibet were declining,
You, O Tsongkhapa, revived Buddha’s Doctrine,
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Manjushri, the Bodhisattva of Wisdom, gave to you
Special instructions on the thought of Nagarjuna.
O Tsongkhapa, upholder of the Middle Way,
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

“Mind and form are not empty of their own natures
But are empty of truly existent mind and form”,
You, O Tsongkhapa, are Tibet’s chief exponent of voidness,
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

In merely a few years you filled
The land from China to India
With peerless holders of the saffron robes.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Those who become your followers
And look to you and your teachings
Are never again disappointed or forsaken.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

The trainees who walk in your footsteps
Breath the fresh air of the Great Way.
They would die for the good of the world.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Anyone who disparages your doctrine must face
The terrible wrath of the Dharma protectors.
O Tsongkhapa, who abides in truth’s power,
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

In person and in dreams you come to those
Who but once recollect your image.
O Tsongkhapa, who watches with compassionate eyes.
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

In order to civilize men and spirits you spread
Your teachings through Kham, Mongolia and Turkestan:
O Tsongkhapa, subduer of savages,
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

For men coarse and far from the Way, you dispel
Mental clouds, evils and bad karma.
O Tsongkhapa, who bestows quick progress,
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Those who take heartfelt Refuge in you,
Even those with no hope for now or hereafter,
O Tsongkhapa, have their every wish fulfilled.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Having exposed false teachings transgressing
The excellent ways well shown by Buddha,
You firmly established your Bold Doctrine.
Hence I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

Manifesting sublime austerity and discipline,
The form and fragrance of your life was incomparable.
O Tsongkhapa, controlled one pleasing to the Buddhas,
I sing this praise to you of Ganden Mountain.

By the strength of the sons of your lineage
And by my having faithfully offered this praise,
May the enlightened activity of Buddha Shakyamuni
Pervade the earth for ages to come.

 

A wonderful master thanka depicting Lama Tsongkhapa

A wonderful master thanka depicting Lama Tsongkhapa

Lama Zopa Rinpoche’s Dedication:
From the merits collected by doing this work, transmitting Lama Tsongkhapa’s pure teaching — the heart of the 84,000 teachings of Buddha — into a western language, in a way as close as possible to the words and the meaning of the root text;

May this be most beneficial for all sentient beings, bringing kind mother sentient beings — whose lives are lost, under the control of karma and delusion, totally enveloped in the darkness of ignorance — to the achievement of enlightenment as quickly as possible.

May anyone who merely sees this text, reads this text, teaches this text, hears about this text, or keeps this text thereby actualize indestructible guru devotion, seeing the Guru as Buddha, and train well in the three common principles of the path, actualize the two stages, and achieve the unified state of Vajradhara as soon as possible. May he or she especially generate loving kindness, the compassionate thought, and bodhicitta and immediately become a source of peace and happiness for all sentient beings, especially in this world, and may all war, famine, disease, sickness, epidemics, torture, poverty, and the dangers of fire, water, wind, and earthquakes immediately cease so that no one will experience any of these undesirable circumstances ever again.

May the pure teachings of Lama Tsongkhapa flourish continuously and spread in all directions.

The post Lama Tsongkhapa: A Short, Powerful Practice Helps Bring Compassion, Wisdom, Good Fortune, and Healing appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Naked wisdom for degenerate times: Vajrayogini, enlightened wisdom queen, leads us to bliss, clear light and emptiness, despite modern obstacles

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The great Lama Yeshe said, “The Vajrayogini yoga method is extremely powerful. It is just what we need in these degenerate times, with our delusions running rampant and our minds grasping at concretized sense pleasures. Therefore, a method such as this, which has the wisdom to transform delusions, is of the utmost need, especially as it has the profound property of becoming more powerful as delusions become stronger.”

Of all the Vajrayana meditative deities, Vajrayogini is credited with being the one practice for our busy, hectic, terrifying times which can lead us, in one lifetime, to Enlightenment. (See full “teaching” video with Garchen Rinpoche on Vajrayogini, embedded below.)

Note: some nudity in the thangkas.

Vajrayogini meditational devotional satue.

 

[NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Feature by Josephine Nolan,

Contributing Editor

Beautiful Vajrayogini, Naropa lineage.

Vajrayogini has been called the “Buddha for our times.” There’s an old Tibetan saying: “Practicing any Buddha is practising all Buddhas.” The great Atisha, when he first came to Tibet, was horrified to find Tibetans practicing many deities at once. He admonished them that they only have to practice one. The Enlightened qualities of one Buddha — including Vajrayogini — are no different from the qualities of another Buddha, even if we sometimes say, Tara specializes in “protection” and “Medicine Buddha” in medicine. So, why is Vajrayogini “the Buddha for our times?”

 

The Buddha for our time?

Simply put, Her visualization, Her appearance, Her mantra, Her sadhana, are all designed to counter our modern obstacles — especially the obstacles of our degenerate times. In our modern age, when we have no time, when life is always in the way of practice, when we struggle with many fears — terrorism, global warming, wars, paying the bills, healing our sickness — these are all the reasons to consider Her practice. Vajrayogini manifests in her fiery red, passionate, stunning beautiful and energetic form. Fast action. Fast practice. An appearance that is instantly modern and relatable.

 

Vajrayogini’s mandala featuring the double tretrahedran (reality source) and the four pink bliss swirls. All of the images and symbols convey a precise and powerful message.

Vajrayogini is not superior to any other Buddha. They are all perfect. They are all Oneness. But, She specifically manifests for these times — She is at once more intimate, closer to us, and more relatable than, for example, a serene peaceful Buddha. The serene, peaceful Buddha conjures the feeling of six years of renunciation under a tree meditating. In today’s world, how can anyone contemplate such a commitment?

In violent, fast-paced times, we sometimes can more easily relate to the ferocious energy of the Dakini Queen, who delivers realizations in a dervish of dancing energy, blissful realization and sudden glimpses of Shunyata.

Video 2018 teaching from Garchen Rinpoche on Vajrayogini:

 

Is Vajrayogini real or a symbol?

The 11 Yogas of Vajrayogini comprise a most concise but complete Highest Yoga Tantra practice.

It is fashionable in the west to embrace deities, but to rationalize them as symbols, psychological constructs, or meditational visions designed to help us overcome “ordinary appearances.” While all of this is true, it is also true, relatively speaking, that Vajrayogini, and other deities, exist as described here by His Holiness Sakya Trizin:

“In Buddhist tradition, we have two truths: the relative truth and absolute truth. In absolute truth, there’s no deity. There’s nothing. It’s inexpressible. In other words, it is something that is completely beyond our present way of thinking and being. But relatively, we have everything existing. We have “I,” and “you,” and all this. Empty it is, also. All these deities are different, with different categories. Some deities are called yidams, some deities are called dharmapalas. It is not just an idea that we have created. They are all truly like this. They protect you and they bless you, they help you…” [5]

 

NOTE: Although the practices themselves are secret, discussing the benefits of practice is not. Vajrayana deity practices are widely available online, however just because they are available does not mean they should be practised without authorization or empowerment from a qualified teacher. However, any student, for example, in a temple, can make offerings and praise Vajrayogini.

An “easy” Higher Yoga practice?

Another form of Vajrayogini.

Although Vajrayogini is a Highest Yoga Tantra practice, her meditation is relatively simple. Visualizing her is easy — she’s simply so stunningly beautiful it’s hard not to think of her appearance. She is also profoundly accomplished in every way:

“Vajrayogini/Vajravarahi ranks first and most important among the dakinis. She is the “Sarva-buddha-dakini” the Dakini Who is the Essence of all Buddhas.” [1]

Vajrayogini pratice has led to Enlightenment of many great masters. “Of the 84 Mahasiddhas of ancient India, many gained their attainments through the practices of Heruka Chakrasamvara and Vajrayogini” [3] Traditionally, this is because the Chakrasamvara Vajrayogini mandala actually still exists in our physical world — most mandalas are absorbed back into emptiness at the end of meditations. This makes Her practice ideal for these chaotic times.

Above all, she is relatively “easy” from a visualization point-of-view. She is among the most vivid in imagery, yet the easiest to imagine.

His Holiness the Sakya Trizin explains:

“Vajrayogini has many different forms, but the one we normally use is in between wrathful and peaceful. She is usually in the red color, with one face and two hands holding a curved knife and skull cup filled with nectar and she is adorned with bone ornaments. All these different ornaments and objects have many very deep meanings. The curved knife usually represents the fact that she cuts all defilements. The cup represents what in Sanskrit is called mahasukha, which means “the great bliss.” She is in a complete state of great bliss all the time.”

Spiritual benefits: countless

Although there are mundane benefits as well (see below), Her practice is especially known for higher spiritual attainments:

“She is the Anuttarayoga Tantra Istadevi (the only and the first Deity) and Her practice includes methods for preventing ordinary death, intermediate state (bardo) and rebirth (by transforming them into the paths to enlightenment), and for transforming all mundane daily experiences into spiritual paths.” [4]

 

Vajrayogini’s practice is the path to understanding Shunyata (Emptiness) and Clear Light — the luminosity of the nature of mind.

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Ten benefits of practice according to root Tantra

Another form of Vajrayogini.

The source Tantra, in the Condensed Root Tantra of Heruka, explains there are ten key spiritual benefits to practice, many not available from other practices:

  1. Easy to practice: although a Highest Yoga Tantra practice, the visualitions of the mandala are “relatively” easy, the sadhanas are “relatively” short and the mantra is “relatively” easy. Relatively being the key word.
  2. Ideal for this “degenerate” age: Unlike other practices, Vajrayogini brings fast benefits, since Heruka and Her mandalas are closer to us than other deities.
  3. Vajrayogini’s mantra is supreme for attainments. Although somewhat long, it is easy to memorize. It is said that Vajrayogi’s mantra alone is all a practitioner would ever need, provided they have faith.
  4. Powerful blessings: not just blessings, but quick blessings.
  5. Can accomplish all attainments: many of the great Mahasiddas accomplished Enlightenment and other realizations from Her practice.
  6. Can practice both generation and completion stage together: if you don’t know what this means, teacher guidance is best.
  7. Overcomes attachments: Vajrayogini’s sensuous nature and red colour signify she is suitable for overcome desires and cutting attachments (hence, her flaying knife!)
  8. Although a short practice, Vajrayogini’s practice contains the essence of ALL practices.

There are also two relatively more secret (due to complexity) benefits; in other words benefits that aren’t easily understood unless you are already a practitioner. We won’t explain them here, since they are too profound as topics to cover here, but we list them for reference:

  • Uncommon Yoga of Inconceivability
  • Special body mandala practice

11 Yogas — “preventing ordinary appearances”

His Holiness Sakya Trizin explains, in summary why Vajrayogini practice epitomises Vajrayana:

Robert Beer’s beautiful Vajrayogini mandala. (Low resolution: please visit their website for information on high resolution images)

“The main method that is used in Vajrayana is to stop seeing things as ordinary. So you should see all these things as transcendental wisdom and oneself in the form of a deity, and all sounds as mantra, and every thought that comes as transcendental knowledge. Although at the moment you are just visualizing, you are just imagining, gradually your attachment to the ordinary vision loosens and you strengthen your path in the Vajrayana tradition.” [5]

This is especially emphasized in daily Vajrayogini practice through a beautiful, elegant, complete and precise 11 Yogas, beginning with “Sleeping Yoga” and “Waking Yoga” and “Tasting the Nectar Yoga” right through the entire day. From sleep, to first taste of nectar in the morning, to going through our daily lives, we attempt to maintain the visualization of our form as Vajrayogini, our speech as Her mantra, and the world around us as Her Mandala. Of course, most practitioners struggle with these advanced Yogic methods, but the effect is profound. Known as the 11 Yogas of Vajrayogini, they are descsribed precisely, in a manner which describes each step (Here, we only use the topical Yoga names, the method can only be taught by your Guru):

  1. Sleeping Yoga: Sleeping while maintaining the visualization of Vajrayogini
  2. Rising Yoga: Waking, still in the form of Vajrayogini
  3. Experiencing Nectar Yoga: tasting the nectar after rising
  4. The Yoga of the Immeasurables
  5. The Yoga of the Guru
  6. The Yoga of Self-Generation
  7. The Yoga of Purifying Migrators
  8. The Yoga of Being Blessed by the Heroes and Heroines including a special Body Mandala
  9. Yoga of Verbal and Mental Recitation of the Holy Mantra
  10. The Yoga of Inconcievability
  11. The Yoga of Daily Activities

The entire practice involves every moment of the pracitioner’s day — and is the ultimate, complete practice.

 

Cognitive benefits

Vajrayogini’s seed syllable in her double triangle mandala. Although this appears to be a double triangle, it is actually visualized in three dimensions, as a double tetrahedron.

Vajrayana Buddhists rely on symbols and visualization, activating mind, body and speech simultaneously with visualization (mind), mudra (body) and mantra or ritual (speech) respectively. Science has proven the relationship between Vajrayana meditation and cognitive benefits due to this massive activation of brain matter (See our story “Research Proves Vajrayana Meditation Improve Cognitive Performance and Promising for Brain Disorders>>)

The visual symbols, often including wrathful deities with fangs, animal heads, and the naked feminine, is usually misunderstood — which is why practices are normally secret.  The astonishingly beautiful and naked Vajrayogini, especially in sexual union, probably provokes the deepest misunderstanding.

NOTE: Although the practices themselves are secret, discussing them is not. Vajrayana deity practices are widely available online, however just because they are available does not mean they should be practised without authorization or empowerment from a qualified teacher. However, any student, for example, in a temple, can make offerings and praise Vajrayogini.

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

Activating 280 million neurons

In seeing an image of some Enlightened deities, non-practitioners often see sex and demons — where there is actually nothing more than visual language that activates massive frontal volumes of brain matter:

“The underlying anatomical correlates of long-term meditation: Larger hippocampal and frontal volumes of gray matter.” — Science Direct [2]

 

Mindfulness meditation has shown measurable increases in the thickness of the pre-frontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for higher level thinking.

 

In addition, visualization may active the visual cortex of our brains — over 280 million neurons. (For more on Vajrayana visualization, see our earlier story>>)

Interestingly, there is a visual cortex in both hemispheres of the brain, right and left. In scientific studies, visualization of Vajrayana deities in this way, has proven to be effective for growing cognitive abilities, and even beneficial for people with dementia. (Please see our earlier story: Peer-reviewed studies prove daily meditation increases cognitive function>>)

 

The great Mahasiddhi Naropa and his Yidam Vajrayogini.

 

Wisdom and compassion united

Vajrayogini (Wisdom) in union with Heruka Chakrasamvara (Compassion).

H.H. Sakya Trizin explains the symbolism of wisdom and method:

“Actually these deities are the symbol, or the manifestation, of the ultimate truth. The female deities are more on the wisdom side and the male deities are more on the method [compassion] side. But the ultimate, actual transcendental knowledge of wisdom is the complete union of these two things. So they are not really separate. And this great Dharmadatu, or transcendental wisdom, is actually with everyone, within every sentient being. But we haven’t realized this, so we are thinking in an ordinary way about everything that we see, everything we do. Therefore we cling to this present scene that we have.” [5]

In Higher Tantra the two symbols, male and female, wisdom and compassion, are never separated. Even in Vajrayogini’s case — although she may appear alone — she always carries a Katangha staff on her shoulder. This is the symbolic form of the male deity. In the inset picture, she is in union with Chakrasamvara, but in solitary poses she might have the Katangha to represent the male deity.

In broad strokes, the symbolism divides (and yet is never divided) into two themes: capital-C Compassion (symbolized in male Englightened Buddhas) and capital-W Wisdom (symbolized by female Enlightened Dakinis.) The combination of the two, visualized as the union of the male (compassion) and female (wisdom), brings a bliss and intensity to daily meditations — the faster-path to helping us understand Shunyata (Emptiness) and Clear Light.

The Dakini is often said to be the “bringer of bliss and wisdom.” Vajrayogini, the Queen of the Dakinis, is the best known of the Enlightened Feminine — after, perhaps, Venerable Tara. Vajrayogini is none other than an emanation of Tara (or vice versa, it doesn’t matter.)

Psychology of Dakinis

Noted psychologist, Rob Preece, in The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra, describes the power of Dakini symbols:

“As an archetypal symbol of the feminine, the dakini brings fiery wildness and deep instinctuality of feminine… As an aspect of Anima, she is at the heart of our relationship life. The Dakini is known as a messenger, a bringer of profound intuitions, and insight into the deepest aspects of the psyche.”

He goes on to describe Vajrayogini as the “most potent validation of this quality.”

“Her fiery red, dancing form reflects a quality similar to the flamenco dancer — proud, undaunted, powerful and erotic. She carries a curved knife to cut through the ignorance and stupidity she encounters, and, holding a skullcup of blood, she drinks a blissful nectar of the essence of her feminine power. Across her shoulder is a staff, called a khatvanga, symbolizing her integration of the masculine. She is adorned with bone ornaments and a crown of skulls and around her neck she wears a necklace of skulls.”

“She is the dance or play of emptiness, like the play of light rippling on the surface of water. Her appearance is manifest, yet illusory.”

A beautiful newari (new-style) take on Vajrayogini.

Vajrayogini, dancing wisdom

In a recent story honoring Dakini Day, we described the feminine wisdom deities this way (story here>>):

“Dakinis are portrayed as elusive, playful and often fierce and naked to symbolically convey how elusive true Wisdom encompassing “Emptiness” can be.”

But why is Vajrayogini not only naked, but so exquisitely (almost distractingly) beautiful. Not just beautiful, but sexual, unabashed, carefree, youthful and passion-inspiring.

It’s a difficult concept to describe. Basically, in Vajrayana, the deities appear in a form that aligns with obstacles we are trying to overcome. Vajrayogini is so desirous, that she almost appears to challenge us to overcome our silly craving for sensual pleasures. “See, there’s nothing special about being naked and dancing around,” she almost seems to say.

Of course, the message is not so superficial. Her nudity expresses how we must shed not only our cravings but our pre-conceived notions of how things are — if we are to understand the true nature of the universe, which is Emptiness (Shunyata.)

Vajryogini’s Appearance

Vajrayogini in her blue form as consort of the great Hayagriva, Heruka aspect of Amitabha Buddha. In this form she has a sow’s head (symbolizing overcoming of ignorance) and Hayagriva has a horse head signifying the activity of Dharma Speech (most important of the three jewels.) For a story on Hayagriva Vajrayogini see here>>

Vajrayogini is not always red. In union with Hayagriva she is blue. She is not always in union, sometimes she is alone and dancing with a Katvanga (which represents her consort). Often, as Vajravarahi, she is seen with a sow’s head (pig) sprouting from her wild hair — symbolic of overcoming ignorance.

“Although there are a number of visual representations of Vajrayogini, certain attributes are common to all: She is mostly shown as young, naked, and standing in a desirous or dancing posture. She holds a blood-filled skull cup in one hand and a curved knife (kartr or dri-gug) in the other. Often she wears a garland of human skulls or severed heads; has a khatvanga staff leaning against her shoulder; her usually wild hair flowing down her neck and back; her face in a semi-wrathful expression. Her radiant red body is ablaze with the heat of yogic fire and surrounded by the flames of wisdom.” [1]

Practicing Vajrayogini

Although Vajrayogini is a Highest Yoga Tantra, requiring both permission and empowerment, anyone can honor, pray to, or meditate on her as an “external deity.” It is not permitted to visualize the self as Vajrayogini without initiation, and probably not to chant the mantra, but one can come closer to Vajrayogini’s enlightened qualities through praise, offerings and prayers without empowerments.

Unlike other meditations, however, the very energetic nature of Vajrayogini’s meditation — designed as it is to cope with the high pace of our “degenerate times” — requires some guidance. The best path to Vajrayogini is through a qualified teacher, with proven lineage.

 

 

 

 [NOTE: Vajrayogini’s actual practice requires empowerment, initiation and instruction from a qualified teacher. This feature is simply to inform on the benefits of practice.]

 

NOTES

[1] Vajrayogini.com 

[2] “The underlying anatomical correlates of long-term meditation: Larger hippocampal and frontal volumes of gray matter.” Science Direct

[3] “Vajrayogini” page of Dechen Choekhor Mahaviraha

[4] “Vajrayogini” 

[5] Interview with HH. Sakya Trizin on Tricycle.

 

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Tantra Helps “Stop Ordinary Perception”, and is the Fast Path to Enlightenment. But How Do Modern Buddhists Relate to Deities?

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The much revered Guru Lama Yeshe. The second st

The much revered Guru Lama Yeshe.

The great teacher Lama Yeshe once asked: “Why are there so many different deities in tantra?” [1] On one hand, Mahayana Buddhism speaks to universality, emptiness, oneness and the illusion of “I” or interdependent nature. On the other, Vajrayana Buddhism — often referred to as the “lightning path” and holding out the hope of realizations in one lifetime — includes the practice of deity yoga. These numerous deities appear contrary to the doctrine of emptiness/oneness — particularly from a Western cultural perspective.

Lama Yeshe answers this paradox: “Each deity arouses different feelings and activates different qualities … The whole point of doing meditation is to discover this fundamental principle of totality.” [1]

Although Vajrayana Buddhist practice begins on the universal Buddhist foundations of renunciation, refuge and contemplation, advanced practitioners are taught to visualize deities ­— and not just to imagine the deities, but to become them, merge with them or absorb them. Where foundation practices emphasize simplicity — notably, mindfulness meditation and contemplation of emptiness — Tantric Buddhism practices can seem overwhelming in the complexity of visualization and commitments.

 

Probably the most popular meditation deity is Avalokitesvara, renowned around the word as the very embodiment of compassion. Lovely and peaceful Chenrezig practices are easy visualizations for most meditators.

Probably the most popular meditation deity is Avalokitesvara, renowned around the word as the very embodiment of compassion. Lovely and peaceful Chenrezig practices are easy visualizations for most meditators.

 

Why Deities?

How does a modern Buddhist relate to this apparent contradiction? Western practitioners, in particular, can be quite put off by the apparent pantheon of deities.

One of my Buddhist friends asked, “Don’t all these deity practices foster superstition?” Which led to a long, spirited discussion—Buddhist debate being an honoured tradition—on what deity practice and visualization are really all about. Later, as I tried to explain to her the elegant concept of creation and completion stages, she said, “Then why bother creating what you’re going to dissolve into emptiness? Why not just accept emptiness?” My lame answer was something like, “Because it’s one thing to intellectualize the concept, another to engage in it. Otherwise, emptiness is just another label.” Hardly, a satisfactory answer, but the best a novice practitioner could offer at that time.

 

 

Sarah Harding, in Machik’s Complete Explanation, describes the underlying purpose much more eloquently:

“All visualized symbols, whatever other significance they hold are… understood as embodiments of the empty essence or primordial purity that is considered their true nature. Engagement with these symbols is aimed primarily at gaining access to this reality, which the practitioner learns to recognize as the actual substance of all symbols.” [7]

 

Stunning visualizations such as deities in yabyum—symbolic of the union of wisdom (female) and compassion (male) — were often misunderstood. The symbolism is profound and universal. Deity yoga visualization is growing in popularity in the West.

Stunning visualizations such as deities in yabyum—symbolic of the union of wisdom (female) and compassion (male) — were often misunderstood. The symbolism is profound and universal. Deity yoga visualization is growing in popularity in the West. Depicted here is Heruka in an embrace with Vajrayogini.

 

Loosening Preconceptions: Psyche and Soma

Rob Preece, a practising psychotherapist, explains it from a different, more Westernized perspective: “When we enter the world of Tantra, we may need to loosen some of our preconceptions about the nature of reality. We begin to inhabit a twilight world where the distinctions between the material and the symbolic are less defined. We discover that psyche and soma, the unconscious and matter, are in an interrelationship. The tantric view of reality does not make such solid differentiation between them; they are simply two reflections of the same ultimate nature. In the West, we habitually make a clear distinction between spirit and matter, whereas in the East these two are not separated.” [2]

 

Unique to Vajrayana are advanced and highly detailed visualizations of the "Field of Merit." The meditator tries to create and hold a vision of the lineage of buddhas, bodhisattvas, lamas, sages and mahasiddhis right back to Shakyamuni Buddha (here shown in the centre.) Then, mentally, we prostrate and make offering to the visualized gurus and deities. Such strenuous visualization trains and disciplines the mind, while also creating the conditions for positive merit.

Unique to Vajrayana are advanced and highly detailed visualizations of the “Field of Merit.” The meditator tries to create and hold a vision of the lineage of buddhas, bodhisattvas, lamas, sages and mahasiddhis right back to Shakyamuni Buddha (here shown in the centre.) Then, mentally, we prostrate and make offering to the visualized gurus and deities. Such strenuous visualization trains and disciplines the mind, while also creating the conditions for positive merit.

 

Which brings me back to the great Lama Yeshe, who taught that once deity yoga is mastered, “The pure penetrative awareness cuts through relative obstacles and touches the deepest nature of human existence. At that moment of experience there is no conceptual labeling by the dualistic mind; at that moment there is no Buddha or God, no subject or object, no heaven or hell.” [1]

If the goal is to glimpse the “ultimate” and help use comprehend emptiness, why actually foster the practice of visualizing deities?

 

The very embodiment of emptiness — Prajnaparamita.

The very embodiment of emptiness — Prajnaparamita.

 

 

Rising Popularity of Deity Practice

Therefore, the question is, why is deity visualization rising in popularity in the modern, scientific age? One common answer, overly simplistic, is that the language of mind, and particularly subconscious, is a symbol. Deities are visualized (created) as symbols. In the language of Carl Jung, deity symbols are part of the “collective unconscious” of society.

Carl Jung, the great psychiatrist made extensive references to the powerful symbolism in Vajrayana, and religion generally: “Metaphysical assertions, however, are statements of the psyche, and are therefore psychological. … ” [3]

Jung summarized his own thoughts on universal symbols, subconscious and deities this way:

“We are so captivated by and entangled in our subjective consciousness that we have forgotten the age-old fact that God speaks chiefly through dreams and visions.” [4]

 

Vajrakilaya is a popular Yidam

Vajrakilaya is the fierce aspect of Vajrasattva, and is treasured for very powerful karma purification practices. Here, Vajrakilaya is shown with consort.

 

Stopping Ordinary Perception

A defining characteristic of Vajrayana and Tantra, and one of the many goals of Deity Yoga is “stopping ordinary perception.” Brian Hafer, Department of Religion Duke University, put it this way: “The Vajrayana school of Buddhism has been characterized as stopping perception… This is done by adopting a standpoint of having already achieved the goal and of one’s already being a Buddha as opposed to striving along the path towards enlightenment. Practices involving the adopting of the goal as the path are called Tantrayana, or the Effect Vehicle… The practices of Tantra are referred to as deity yoga because of the adoption of the viewpoint of having already achieved the goal (i.e. one’s already being a enlightened deity.)” [5]

 

One of the most popular deity practices is Green Tara, the mother of all Buddhas. The female emanations of deity represent wisdom. Thangka by Jampay Dorje. (See our story on Jampay Dorje here>>)

 

Still, to scholars, or other Buddhists, Tibetan Buddhism might appear superstitious, especially given that “in Tibetan Buddhism, there is far more literature describing how to appease gods and demons, than there is on how to recognize them as nonexistent.” [7] Sarah Harding, introducing Machik’s Complete Explanation, clarifies:

“Are these two approaches contradictory, or meant for different elements of society: the ‘simple folk and the lamaist elite’ as David Neel calls them? I think not. Rather, these two approaches reflect the universal Buddhist instruction on dealing with all perception: to recognize it as inherently empty, and to apply skilful means…”

Deity yoga is not the only visualized method used to “stop ordinary perception.” Chod practice visualizes demons, spirits, and ghosts. “This is because all humans, each of us, must come to terms with the demons of fear, aggression, temptation, ignorance, and their cohorts if we are to live a free and sacred life, ” according to Jack Cornfield in his introduction to Tsultrim Allione’s Feeding Your Demons. [8] Where Chod “makes friends with your demons”, deity yoga asks you to “become the deity.” Both practices engage and stimulate Mind.

 

Vajrasattva is a foundation deity practice renowned for purification of body, speech and mind.

Vajrasattva is a foundation deity practice renowned for purification of body, speech and mind.

 

 

“Only in the Mind”?

It is easy to jump to the conclusion that deity visualization is strictly in the realm of dreams or “only in the mind.” In fact, another underlying purpose of deity visualization is to come to understand that “these two separate worlds… internal and external were one continuous seamless whole” [7] and that even mind itself is empty of inherent existence.

To help facilitate this understanding, a key goal of deity yoga is to cultivate bodhicitta, particularly “ultimate bodhicitta” that “perceives the emptiness (sunyata) of inherent existence of all phenomena.” [5] Emptiness is one of the most important teachings of Buddhism, and also one of the most difficult to understand. Deity visualization takes the practitioner beyond intellectualizing the concept of Emptiness.

 

A stunning thangka of Lord Manjushri by Jampay Dorje.

 

“The deities of the Tantric Vehicle’s extensive pantheon, the male and female personifications of psychic processes as herukas and dakinis, are ‘produced’ by the yogi through the practice of controlled visualization until their reality overshadows that of the superficial apparent world,” according to the commentary in In Songs of Tibet’s Beloved Saint Milarepa. [6]

In fact, the yogi transforms not just the self to deity, but also the environment into the mandala (divine realm) of the deity. Divine pride develops as the visualization as deity becomes more and more vivid until it seems “real.”

 

Vajrayogini practice is a highest yoga tantra practice, suitable for advanced practitioners.

Vajrayogini practice is a highest yoga tantra practice, suitable for advanced practitioners.

 

The commentary continues: “When the reality of the apparent world has been overshadowed by the intensity of his realization, the yogi then enters the completion phase, where the illusory nature, or voidness, of his visualization, can be realized, and with it, the [emptiness] of the ordinary, apparent world. This is due to the fact that the apparent world is by nature an illusory ‘visualization’ derived from compulsive attachment to ingrained perceptions about the nature of things.”

The nineteenth century Tibetan guru Jamgon Kongtrul explained it this way:

“All phenomena of cyclic existence or transcendence, included within both appearance and mind, have no reality whatsoever and therefore arise in any way whatsoever.” [7]

The great Yogini Machik, the founder of Chod further clarifies: “When you realize that everything is mind, there is no object to be severed elsewhere. When you realize the mind itself as empty, severance and severer are nondual.” [7]

Other Benefits of Deity Practice

These lofty goals of Deity practice often overshadow the more mundane, but helpful benefits. “Visualizing yourself as a deity, as Tara or any deity, is very powerful. It’s a healing,” explained Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, the spiritual head of Gaden for the West, and Gaden Choling Toronto. [8] Zasep Rinpoche said, “we are the creators of our own suffering. Everything depends on our own mind.” [10]

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche spiritual head of Gaden for the West and Gaden Choling Toronto.

Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche spiritual head of Gaden for the West and Gaden Choling Toronto.

The healing, from a Buddhist perspective, has to do with engaging the mind in purifying negativities. Or, put another way, putting cutting suffering at the source. It is the mind that forms attachments. It is at the level of mind we cut attachments that trap us in the endless cycle of suffering.

Venerable Lama Phunstok, during a White Tara empowerment, said: “All problems—sufferings, sicknesses, and diseases arise from thoughts that are based upon attachment, aversion, and ignorance as to the way things really are. It is said again and again that the worst obstacle is the third—concepts and thoughts. We continually think that we want to be happy and be free from suffering; we therefore never stop wanting more and more and as a result increase our attachment and aversion.”

Deity practice, in part, helps us to purify our minds by identifying with the perfect ideal of the enlightened mind. The health benefits are supported by a recent study from the National University of Singapore concluded that Vajrayana deity meditation significantly improves cognitive performance and health. The study concludes that even one session of Vajrayana deity visualization meditation brings immediate cognitive improvements. (See full story here>>)

A related technique, Chod visualization practice also has significant health benefits. “It is a well-known therapeutic technique. Chod certainly functions at this level where it can be very useful as a therapy. It is currently being taught… as a psychological technique for working with fear.” [7]

Deity is You, You Are Deity

Although deity yoga seems complicated, and it does require a teacher to benefit, it is also one of the easiest ways to explore and tame our own minds. The language of the mind, ultimately, at the higher levels of conceptualization, and at the deeper levels of the subconscious, expresses in the language of symbols, not labels. Deity yoga seems both profound and simple. In the words of Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche:

“The deity is you and you are the deity. You and the deity arise together. Since samaya and wisdom are nondual, there is no need to invite the deity… self emanated and self-empowered, Awareness itself is the Three Roots.” [11]

NOTES

[1] The Bliss of Inner Fire: Heart Practices of the Six Yogas of Naropa, “Arising as a Divine Being” Lama Thubten Yeshe

  • Publisher: Wisdom Publications (June 10, 2005)
  • Publication Date: June 10, 2005
  • Sold by:Simon and Schuster Digital Sales Inc
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 086171136X
  • ISBN-13: 978-0861711369

[2] The Psychology of Buddhist Tantra, Robert Preece

  • Paperback: 276 pages
  • Publisher: Snow Lion; 1 edition (November 8, 2006)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559392630
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559392631

[3] Psyche and Symbol (1958), Carl Jung, p. 285

[4] The Symbolic Life (1953)

[5] Is Deity Yoga Buddhist? The Philosophical Foundations of Tantric Practice, by Brian T. Hafer, Duke University Department of Religion, Latin Honors Thesis, April 30, 1997.

[6] Drinking the Mountain Stream: Songs of Tibet’s Beloved Saint, Milarepa by Jetsun Milarepa. Wisdom Publications; Rev Sub edition (Feb. 8 2013) ISBN-10: 0861710630 ISBN-13: 978-0861710638

[7] Machik’s Complete Explanation: Clarifying the Meaning of Chod, Snow Lion; Expanded edition (May 14 2013)

  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559394145
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559394147
  • [8] Feeding Your Demons, Tsultrim Allione Little, Brown and Company; 1 edition (April 8 2008)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 9780316013130
  • ISBN-13: 978-0316013130

[9] Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche speaking during a 10 day Tara retreat in Nelson, B.C.

[10] Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche at a 2013 Lojong Seven-Point Mind Training retreat at Gaden Choling Toronto

[11] Deity, Mantra and Wisdom: Development Stage Meditation in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra, by Jigme Linpa, Patrul Rinpoche and Getse Mahapandita. Snow Lion (May 11 2007)

  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1559393009
  • ISBN-13: 978-1559393003

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The post Tantra Helps “Stop Ordinary Perception”, and is the Fast Path to Enlightenment. But How Do Modern Buddhists Relate to Deities? appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.


Mama Buddha Tara: Compassionate Action; Stories of Tara the Rescuer

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“Tara is without doubt the most beloved female deity in Tibetan Buddhism, revered for her swiftness in helping those who rely on her. She has been described as a Buddha for our modern age, a sublime personification of compassion and wisdom in female form at a time when sorrow and suffering seem to be increasing everywhere. Of all the Buddhas, Tara is the most accessible.” — From the book Tara in the palm of your hand, by H.E. Zasep Tulku Rinpoche [1]

Tara is the Buddha of Enlightened Activity. Tara (Drolma in Tibetan) is often just called the “saviouress”, not just in the sense of spiritual salvation, but also as a rescuer of beings suffering in samsara here and now. Just as a child might call out for her mother if she is in danger, devout Tibetan Buddhists tend to call out for Tara in times of need. [For an in-depth story on Tara, see this Buddha Weekly feature>>]

But just how does that work? Does a goddess sweep down and rescue us? And why is she called the “Mother of all Buddhas?” These are the questions we try to answer, together with some practice suggestions.

Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, a book by Acharya Zasep Tulku Rinpoche. For more information, visit Amazon>>

All Your Problems Solved?

In Tibet, despite enormous respect and sacred devotion for Tara, She is often just known as “Mummy Tara”. 

Bhikshuni Thubten Chodron (see video below) wrote

“If you put your full trust in Tara, you will receive the guidance you need and all your problems will be solved…”

 

Green Tara. From a 18th century prayer:
“From my heart I bow to Divine Mother Tara, essence of love and compassion, the most precious objects of refuge gathered into one. From now until I reach enlightenment, hook me with your great love and kindness to liberate me.”

 

Venerable Zasep Rinpoche, author of Tara in the Palm of Your Hand.

There are literally thousands of stories of ordinary Tibetans, fearing for their lives, abused, in pain, in prison, fleeing persecution—who simply turned to Tara in these times of desperation, and were rescued.

Thubten Chodron explains: “When we say, ‘Please protect us from this danger!’ we do not expect a green goddess to swoop down from the sky and rescue us… Rather, we are calling out to our own wisdom, invoking our own understanding of the path so that it can protect us from the dangers…”

Bokar Rinpoche, in Tara the Feminine Divine, explains, “In truth if we realize the true nature of our minds, the deities reveal themselves as being not different from our own minds.”

The Green Goddess Swoops Down?

Zasep Rinoche, in his book Tara in the palm of your hand, describes several stories of Tara’s saving intervention with his students and himself. Bokar Rinpoche also tells many stories of Tara rescues.

This isn’t a “green goddess sweeping down” but often takes the form of listening to our own intuitive mind (wisdom). There’s also an element of Karma in these stories. By relying on Tara, this itself is meritorious karma, making our outcomes in life more positive.

On the other hand, devotion and faith are important. Bokar Rinpoche explains: “Tara has the power to help us. However, this power is effective only if we trust it. For Tara to help, we must pray to her and call upon her from the bottom of our hearts without reserve or doubting her interventions.” [3]

 

Green Tara’s kind face. Tara is known as Tara the Rescuer.

 

Bokar Rinpoche tells the story of Tara protecting a caravan of valuable sugar from bandits (being taken as an offering to the Karmapa) when he was twenty:

“In 1958, the road to Lhasa was extremely dangerous… Who could protect us better than Tara?… It was impossible for us to evade them. We went off the path to set up our encampment but it was not sufficiently hidden to avoid being seen. From where we were, we could see the Champs coming, menacing and demanding ransom from the nomads who had given us the warning. It should have been inevitable for them to see us… However, they did not sees! Certainly we were scared, but we never ceased to pray to Tara and recite her praise… I am convinced that our safe journey was due to Tara’s blessing and kind protection.”

 

 

Zasep Rinpoche, in his book Tara in the palm of your hand, gives several examples of Tara rescues, including two of his own, where he describes a harrowing escape:

“I had parked my car, which had a picture of Tara in it, next to an apartment building. While I was away doing an errand, a concrete balcony on the building collapsed, crushing the two cars next to mine, but leaving mine intact, albeit dusty.”

Tara’s Snow — a Blizzard Saves the Refugees

Bokar Rinpoche gave another gripping story of Tara rescue. At the time, he was with a group that went to Nepal to escape. With sixty people, monks and laypeople, they set off through the mountains. They were pursued by Chinese troops and discovered there were more in front of them from passing nomads. They performed Tara rituals and divination. The result had them set off on the most dangerous path, not the easy one. If the snows came, they might be trapped and lost. They followed Tara’s divination, took the dangerous path, a race against an approaching snow storm and the Chinese troops:

“When we reached the pass, the snow began to fall, causing us many difficulties. We had trouble moving forward and many animals died. We lost several bags. Despite this, we were able to get over the pass and finally arrived at Mustang, a small kingdom of Tibetan culture within Nepal… Later I learned that the Chinese troops were really pursuing us and we were close to being caught. Only the snowstorm hindered them from overtaking us. For us, the storm made everything difficult. Just after we passed, the route was impassable. If the snow had not fallen, or had fallen slightly earlier, or slightly later, we might have been caught… I could not help thinking that this timely snow storm could only be Tara’s blessing; Tara, whose help we did not cease to invoke.”

 

Bhikshuni Chodron tells many personal stories of physical rescue in her book How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator. In the preface to her book, Lama Zopa Rinpoche also told the story of a student who had terminal cancer, who received the practice of Twenty-one Taras (the praise)—and fully recovered. Simply chanting her Mantra, when in need or danger, can bring rescue you from danger:

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha

H.E. Zasep Rinpoche offers a short teaching on Green Tara Practice with a short guided visualization:

 

Tara’s numerous anecdotal stories of rescues, some very dramatic and very recent, are compelling, and one of the reasons she is loved and praised by millions each day.

Zasep Rinpoche tells another more recent story during one of his many teaching tours to Mongolia. He was guiding students on a 108-spring Chod retreat. They were staying in yurts (tents):

“One afternoon, just after we had set up, a fierce hailstorm arose; though it lasted on ten minutes, it was so powerful and destructive it destroyed 15 yurts in the valley. I was alone inside a yurt we were using for meditation. The yurt was very small, maybe ten feet in diameter, and the storm almost blew it away. I held on to the door frame, hoping the yurt would not collapse. My intuition told me to say Tara’s mantra… thanks to Tara the yurt remained standing.”

 

Green Tara on a lotus with Amitabha on her crown.

Green Tara on a lotus is visualized with one leg outstretched — ready to leap to the aid of people in trouble. Above her head is her own guru Amitabha Buddha.

 

Other Buddha Weekly Stories on Tara

Why is Tara so Popular?

Bhikshuni Chodron explains why Tara is so popular:

We can relax in her presence and look at ourselves honestly, knowing that Tara will not judge, reject or abandon us due to our shortcomings. Like a mother, she sees her child’s potential — in this case our spiritual potential or Buddha-nature — and wants to nurture it.

She is also popular because she is all about speed — a bid deal to modern people. Thubten Chodron writes, “Aspirations made in the presences of Green Tara may easily grow into results, and requests made to her may be quickly actualized. One reason for this is that by visualizing and praying to Tara, we are energized to create causes for happiness and to eliminate interferences in our Dharma practice.”

 

Tara’s Omniscient Mind

Like all Buddha’s, She is a fully enlightened being with an omniscient mind. All Buddhas have the same qualities. Buddhas have no defilements. Tara has no defilements. She has no afflictive obscurations, the ones that keep us in samsara: ignorance, anger, and all other karmic afflictions that keep us in cyclic existence. Tara is no different from other enlightened beings, such as Amitabha (Amita), Avaolokitesvara (Chenrezig or Guanine), Vajrapani or Manjushri.

Ani Choying Dolma’s beautiful singing of Green Tara’s mantra Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha. This version is 2 hours of straight through chanting — good for singing along!

 

 

 

Tara, the Activity of Compassion

White Tara has Her own mantra, Oṃ Tāre Tuttāre Ture Mama Ayuḥ Punya Jñānā Puṣtiṃ Kuru Svāhā, known to be actively beneficial in the practices of Long Life and Health.

Although the attainments and qualities of equanimity, love, compassion, joy and the six far-reaching attitudes are the same, Tara is considered to be the “activity of compassion”. All Enlightened Buddhas have the same essence. Yet we associate Green Tara with motherly protective activity of compassion. To take other examples, Avalokitesvara is associated with “compassion”, Manjusri with “wisdom” and Vajrapani with “power” — yet all are equally fully Enlightened Beings with the same realizations. All the Buddhas contain these qualities, but Tara attracts those who benefit most from compassionate action.

“Tara is not a concrete, self-existent person with a personality, and for this reason, we train our minds to see her as an emanation of the good qualities that we want to cultivate,” explains Bikshuni Thubten Chodron in her popular book How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator.

She goes on to explain, “A Buddha has two main bodies: a dharmakaya or truth body, and a rupakaya or form body.” The omniscient mind that has eliminated defilements is the dharmakaya, she explains. The rupakaya, are various forms assumed by enlightened beings to communicate more effectively with us.

Who Can Call on Tara for Help?

Anyone. Period. Venerable Zasep Rinpoche explains:

“Anyone can pray to Tara, even people who are not Buddhists. However, if you take refuge in Buddha, Dharma and Sangha, take Tara initiation, and regularly practice a Tara Sadhana, your prayers will be more beneficial.”

 

Tara Mantra beautiful chanted by the amazing voice of Yoko Dharma:

Why would Tara help a non Buddhist? Putting aside the obvious answer — compassion and love — She is part of all of us. In Buddhist philosophy, all people, all sentient beings — even insects — have “Buddha Nature”, or the potential to become Enlightened. We call on our own inherent Buddha Nature, when we outwardly call on any Buddha or Enlightened Being.

Even someone who has not take Refuge has Buddha Nature. Simply recognizing that nature — which naturally happens if you call out Tara’s name in times of trouble — can be enough to activate that nature. Whether that rescue becomes a subconscious one, where our own mind triggers instinct and motherly intuition that “saves us” from trouble, or an overt one, such as Zasep Rinpoche’s story of the balcony falling on the cars.

 

Green Tara on a Lotus with Amitabha on her crown.

Green Tara represents the loving “active compassion” of the Buddhas, and is often called on by Buddhists when they are in physical danger.

 

Mama Tara

“Tara is the mother of all the Buddhas. When you practice Tara you come closer to her, and can feel her motherly love; you feel you are well-loved and nurtured by the most beautiful mother of all Buddhas.” — Tara in the palm of your hand, Venerable Zasep Rinpoche.

Why is Tara often called Mummy Tara? This is not just an endearment, to millions of followers who find refuge in Her active mothering aspects.

Tara also appears in endless forms, symbolic of her activities and nature. Upper left Blue Tara, upper centre Vajrayogini, upper right Vajravrahi, bottom left White Tara, centre bottom Protectress Palden Lhamo, bottom right Green Tara.

She is often called the “Mother of all Buddhas”. This is not in the maternal, physical sense, of course. Just as Bodhisattvas are called the “Sons of Buddhas” —  the spiritual children of the Buddhas—Buddhas, Bodhisattvas and enlightened beings who followed a guru Buddha. In a similar way, Tara is considered the “Mother of all Buddhas.”

“Her female form represents wisdom, the essential element needed to remove the ignorance that misconstrues reality and is the root of our suffering.” — Bhikshuni Chodron [2]

Thubten Chodron continues: “Thus she is called “the mother of all the Buddhas,” for the wisdom realizing reality that she embodies give birth to full enlightenment, the state of freedom from self-grasping ignorance and its attendant self-centredness.”

Tara embodies the feminine principle, which generally symbolizes wisdom. Since wisdom is the mother of Enlightenment, She is called the Mother of the Buddhas (who became enlightened because of Wisdom.) But, in Green Tara’s particular case, she represents the “activity” of wisdom and compassion. Green indicates “wind” and activity in Tibetan symbolism and is the colour of the Buddha family of Amoghisiddi. Wind also refers to inner wind, as in Windhorse (similar to Chi or Prana). It is said that our minds are carried on wind horse, the vital energy of life. Tara is of the “wind” family.

Tara: A Special Combination of Wisdom and Active Compassion

This makes Green Tara very special. Not only is she wisdom (embodied in her female form), she is active compassion (green) and the Mother of the Buddhas. Mama Tara is a “doer” not a talker. Like a mother, She is protective, and as the embodiment of “active compassion” She is also a hero who will rescue those in trouble.

 

Green Tara meditation tankha

Green Tara is a fully realized female Buddha and a Yidam to many practitioners. She is the active aspect of compassion, compassion in action, but as an Enlightened Being she is also understood to have all of the qualities of all Buddhas.

 

Mother of All Buddhas

Mother of all Buddhas refers to the enlightened wisdom of the Buddhas, as in her aspect as Prajnaparamita. In sutra, she is mentioned in the Mahavairocana Sutra, Manjusri-mula-kalpa and others.  In Tantric texts, Shakyamuni Buddha called her the Mother of Buddhas when he delivered Her Dharani.

 

Buddha-Weekly-Green-Tara-and-Tam-Symbol-Buddhism

 

In “Sarva-tathagata-matr-tara-visvakarma-bhava-tantra-nama”, Buddha teaches Manjusri and countless deities in Tushita realm (quoted from Martin Willson’s In Praise of Tara: Songs to the Saviouress.)

Manjusri asked the Lord: “Lord, all the Buddhas of the three times are deep. How therefore did She produce them? How is She their Mother?”

And the Lord said, “That is true, Manjusri, but all the Buddhas of the three times are also unproduced and unceasing, not defiled and not immaculate, with decrease or increase, and by nature in Nirvana; for this reason: that is the nature of all dharmas.”

When Manjusri asked Shakyamuni to clarify, the Lord said, “Manjusri, the Ultimate is called Nirvana, the Universal Law (dharmadhatu) is called Nirvana; it is a synonym with the True Goal. It is Great Compassion. Conventional nature is a synonym of samsara. The Mother who produces the buddhas of the three times is beyond this; therefore She is beyond samsara and affliction.

Thus, Manjusri, She is to be regarded as Mother.

And the Lord said: “Therefore, Manjusri, with understanding of the Suchness of dharmas should one meditate on Her; one should recite this dharani, practice earnestly, understand Her qualities and make offerings to Her. One should receive instructions and have no doubts. One should act earnestly in the deeds, remember Her praises, and practice the rites severally.” In these words He taught to the Bodhisattva Manusri the Youthful.

“From My Heart I Bow to Divine Mother Tara”

Many Tara devotes chant the “Song of Tara” — almost a complete daily practice — from an 18th century prayer by a noted monk:

From my heart I bow to Divine Mother Tara, essence of love and compassion, the most precious objects of refuge gathered into one. From now until I reach enlightenment, hook me with your great love and kindness to liberate me.

By the witness of the Three Jewels, not just from my mouth but from the depths of my innermost heart and bones, I pray to you morning and evening. Show your blissful face to me, Loving One. Grant me the nectar of your speech.

Great gurus and small gurus cheat us with their made-up teachings, selling Dharma, teaching without comprehension, not observing who is qualified and who is not, being concerned about their own happiness and the eight worldly concerns. Since I can no longer trust friends of this degenerate age, you are my principal guru. Inspire me, Divine Mother, essence of love. Arouse the great power of your compassion and think of me.

I take refuge in you Tara; like you, no Buddha could ever deceive me. But understanding the odd character of these times, most Buddhas have gone into the bliss of nirvana. Even though they have great compassion, we have no connection. Since for me there are no other deities, you are my principal deity. Bestow realizations upon me, Divine Mother, essence of love. Arouse the great power of your compassion and think of me.

Most Dharma protectors do not show their powers. Tired of those who invoke them, they do not act. Other protectors, lacking insight but proud of their power, may be friendly for a while but will later do me harm. Since I cannot rely on other protectors, you are my principal protector. With divine action, Wisdom Mother, essence of love, arouse the great power of your compassion and think of me.

To ordinary view the names of objects are the same as their meaning. Like this, they produce afflictions and bind us to samsara. When it is time to die, unless I understand the true nature, could a wish-fulfilling gem enable me to carry even a sesame seed with me? Since I do not trust in illusions, you are my real richness. Please grant my desires, Divine Mother, essence of love. Arouse the great power of your compassion and think of me.

I cannot rely on the non-virtuous friends for even a day. They pretend to be close to me and all the while have in mind the opposite. They are friends when they wish it and enemies when they don’t. Since I cannot trust in this kind of friend, you are my best friend. Be close to me, Divine Mother, essence of love. Arouse the great power of your compassion and think of me.

You are my guru, my yidam, my protector, my refuge, my food, my clothes, my possessions, and my friend. Since your divine quality is everything to me, let me spontaneously achieve all that I wish.

Although I am overwhelmed by my habitual, uncontrolled mind, please cut these self-centered thoughts so I will be able to give my body and my life millions of times without difficulty to each sentient being. Inspire me to be able to develop this kind of compassion to benefit all.

Empower me to cut the root of samsara, self-grasping, and to understand the pure doctrine, the most difficult middle way, free from the errors of extremes.

Inspire me to practice as a bodhisattva, turning away from what is worldly, dedicating all my virtues to teaching living beings, never for even one instant thinking of just my own happiness. Let me wish to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all.

Empower me to actualize as much as possible the most subtle vows and to keep them without a careless mind, thus becoming the most perfect bodhisattva.

Outwardly, let me be simple in my practice, while inwardly, actualize the depth of the diamond vehicle with the strong wish to practice the two stages. Inspire me to attain enlightenment quickly for the benefit of all.

Divine Wisdom Mother Tara, you know everything about my life — my ups and downs, my good and bad. Think lovingly of me, my only mother.

I give myself and all who trust in me to you, Divine Wisdom Mother Tara. Being completely open to you, let me be born in the highest pure land. Set me there quickly with no births in between.

May the hook of your compassion and your skillful means transform my mind into Dharma and transform the minds of all beings, whoever they are. They have all been my mother, the mother of one unable to follow the Conqueror’s teachings.

By reciting this prayer three times a day and by remembering the Divine Wisdom Mother Tara, may I and all beings who are connected to me reach whatever pure land we wish.

May the Three Jewels and especially the Divine Wisdom Mother, whose essence is compassion, hold me dear until I reach enlightenment. May I quickly conquer the four negative forces. 

Om Tare Tuttare Ture Svaha!

Tankha depicted Mother Tara and the 21 Taras.

Tankha depicted Mother Tara and the 21 Taras.

 

The 21 Praises

Around the world, millions chant the 21 Praises to Tara, as first taught by Shakyamuni. Her popularity is universal amongst most Vajrayana Buddhists and many Mahayana Buddhists, and for this reason, lay practitioners regularly, usually daily, chant the praises. The book, Tara in the palm of your hand, by Zasep Rinpoche, is specifically about the 21 Taras practice, from the precious Maha Siddha Surya Gupta lineage.

Because Tara’s quality is “action” the Praises are said to bring immediate benefits, blessings and protection. Here is an English Version:

1 Homage to you, Tara, the swift heroine,

Whose eyes are like an instant flash of lightning,

Whose water-born face arises from the blooming lotus

Of Avalokiteshvara, protector of the three worlds.

 

2 Homage to you, Tara, whose face is like

One hundred full autumn moons gathered together,

Blazing with the expanding light

Of a thousand stars assembled.

 

3 Homage to you, Tara, born from a golden-blue lotus,

Whose hands are beautifully adorned with lotus flowers,

You who are the embodiment of giving, joyous effort, asceticism,

Pacification, patience, concentration, and all objects of practice.

 

4 Homage to you, Tara, the crown pinnacle of those thus gone,

Whose deeds overcome infinite evils,

Who have attained transcendent perfections without exception,

And upon whom the sons of the Victorious Ones rely.

 

5 Homage to you, Tara, who with the letters TUTTARA and HUM

Fill the (realms of) desire, direction, and space,

Whose feet trample on the seven worlds,

And who are able to draw all beings to you.

 

6 Homage to you, Tara, venerated by Indra,

Agni, Brahma, Vayu, and Ishvara,

And praised by the assembly of spirits,

raised corpses,
Gandharvas, and all yakshas.

 

7 Homage to you, Tara, whose TRAT and PHAT

Destroy entirely the magical wheels of others.

With your right leg bent and left outstretched and pressing,

You burn intensely within a whirl of fire.

 

8 Homage to you, Tara, the great fearful one,

Whose letter TURE destroys the mighty demons completely,

Who with a wrathful expression on your water-born face

Slay all enemies without an exception.

 

9 Homage to you, Tara, whose fingers adorn your heart

With the gesture of the sublime precious three;

Adorned with a wheel striking all directions without exception

With the totality of your own rays of light.

 

10 Homage to you, Tara, whose radiant crown ornament,

Joyful and magnificent, extends a garland of light,

And who, by your laughter of TUTTARA,

Conquer the demons and all of the worlds.

 

11 Homage to you, Tara, who are able to invoke

The entire assembly of local protectors,

Whose wrathful expression fiercely shakes,

Rescuing the impoverished through the letter HUM.

 

12 Homage to you, Tara, whose crown is adorned

With the crescent moon, wearing ornaments exceedingly bright;

From your hair knot the buddha Amitabha

Radiates eternally with great beams of light.

 

13 Homage to you, Tara, who dwell within a blazing garland

That resembles the fire at the end of this world age;

Surrounded by joy, you sit with your right leg extended

And left withdrawn, completely destroying all the masses of enemies.

 

14 Homage to you, Tara, with hand on the ground by your side,

Pressing your heel and stamping your foot on the earth;

With a wrathful glance from your eyes you subdue

All seven levels through the syllable HUM.

 

15 Homage to you, Tara, O happy, virtuous, and peaceful one,

The very object of practice, passed beyond sorrow.

You are perfectly endowed with SOHA and OM,

Overcoming completely all the great evils.

 

16 Homage to you, Tara, surrounded by the joyous ones,

You completely subdue the bodies of all enemies;

Your speech is adorned with the ten syllables,

And you rescue all through the knowledge-letter HUM.

 

17 Homage to you, Tara, stamping your feet and proclaiming TURE.

Your seed-syllable itself in the aspect of HUM

Causes Meru, Mandhara, and the Vindhya mountains

And all the three worlds to tremble and shake.

 

18 Homage to you, Tara, who hold in your hand

The hare-marked moon like the celestial ocean.

By uttering TARA twice and the letter PHAT

You dispel all poisons without an exception.

 

19 Homage to you, Tara, upon whom the kings of the assembled gods,

The gods themselves, and all kinnaras rely;

Whose magnificent armor gives joy to all,

You who dispel all disputes and bad dreams.

 

20 Homage to you, Tara, whose two eyes – the sun and the moon –

Radiate an excellent, illuminating light;

By uttering HARA twice and TUTTARA,

You dispel all violent epidemic disease.

 

21 Homage to you, Tara, adorned by the three suchnesses,

Perfectly endowed with the power of serenity,

You who destroy the host of evil spirits, raised corpses, and yakshas,

O TURE, most excellent and sublime!

 

Praises to Twenty-One Taras in Tibetan to the tradition of Lord Atisha:

 

Not mainly for temporal success

Lama Zopa Rinpoche is very clear on this area of devotion, for there’s always a danger of attachment:

“…the Twenty-one Taras do not exist mainly for temporal success and healing, but for the ultimate purpose of freeing you from all sufferings—such as the cycle of aging, sickness, death and rebirth, dissatisfaction, relationship problems and so forth—and their cause: delusion and karma and the negative imprints they leave on you mental continuum, and bringing you to the everlasting happiness of liberation and enlightenment.”

 

Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, a book by Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche

Tara in the Palm of Your Hand, a book by Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche. Available on Amazon.

 

NOTES

[1] Tara in the palm of your hand, A guide to the practice of the twenty-one Taras, Zasep Tulku Rinpoche, Windhorse Press

[2] How to Free Your Mind: Tara the Liberator, Thubten Chodron.

[3] Tara The Feminine Divine, Bokar Rinpoche

The post Mama Buddha Tara: Compassionate Action; Stories of Tara the Rescuer appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Sadhanas: the secret sauce recipe of Vajrayana Buddhism — the ingredients that make it effective, and how to embrace its elegant formulas

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

Sadhanas in Vajrayana are (metaphorically) the recipes to successful Buddhist realizations.

As with a chef in the kitchen, you don’t have to use the recipe — but it ensures a good result. The spectacular result, as with fine cuisine, is due to a preceding lineage of accomplished practitioners (metaphor: teaching chefs), unbroken teaching lineage going back to the source of wisdom, the Buddha.

Yes, there is more to a successful “dish” than the recipe: there’s technique (meditation practice), secret methods (expert instruction), and diligence (it can take a hundred tries to perfect a special dish.) (Choose your metaphor: actor with a “script”, pianist with sheet music, athlete, scientist. For simplicity I’m using chef.)
Sanskrit Sādhanā or Tibetan sgrub thabs, literally translates as “a means of accomplishing”. The Sanskrit root “Sadh” means “completion.” These should not be confused with “Pujas.” Sadhanas are often the “commitment” practice given by teachers at an empowerment. Today, they are widely available, including digitally, and in many languages.

Today, many Sadhanas are available digitally. Here, H.E. Zasep Rinpoche teaches from a Tibetan script Sadhana on an Apple IPad. Today, with teachers travelling around the world, digital versions are indispensable. Image from a 2018 teaching at Gaden Choling in Toronto.

What is a Sadhana?

Formal sadhanas are transmitted in text form through an unbroken lineage from guru to guru back to the Buddha. Here, a meditator in lotus position meditates with a written text (Sadhana) as a guide. A Sadhana combines sounds (prayers and mantras), actions (mudras), intense visualizations (guided), even a sense of place (mandalas) and the six senses (smells, tastes, and so on from the visualized offerings.)

Sadhana is a step-by-step guide to practice and meditation. All the elements, with none missing (like a good recipe), are formulated for the student: preparation, purification, guru devotion, visualization, seven-limb practice, and on it goes; even steps you might not comprehend at this time (such as, for example, body mandala.) You can’t miss a step, or do something wrong if you follow the Sadhana handed down through hundreds of years by realized teachers — assuming you have empowerment from that lineage of teachers. Even if you don’t achieve realizations, due to some obstacle, at least you know you’re “doing it right.”

By following the Sadhana recipe, daily — practiced as demonstrated by your teacher (chef) — it becomes firmly imprinted on the mindstream. Until actual realizations are achieved, the Sadhana is still the best way to make rapid progress. It ensures proper practice (nothing missing or modified that might alter results) and integrity of method.
Many modern Buddhists groan when they see the length of traditional Sadhanas. While  Medicine Buddha Sadhana meditation can be as short as a page or two, some Higher Yoga Tantras come in at dense 100 pages or more. Most have “short” and “long” versions — but given by the teacher, with the understanding that one should practice the long version when possible. As well-known teacher Alexander Berzin explains:

Alexander Berzin (right) greets the Dalai Lama.

“There will be an abbreviated one; there will be a full one; sometimes there’s a medium level as well. And my teacher Serkong Rinpoche said that the abbreviated forms, the short forms, are for advanced practitioners. It’s the long, full forms that are for the beginners.” [1]

Later, in the teaching, he elaborates: “There’s a following thought from that, before I get into the parts of the sadhana. The implication is that we have to really familiarize ourselves with the long one before we can effectively practice the short one. If we only do the short one without knowing the long one, it won’t be very effective because we’re leaving out too much. You don’t really know what is packed into it.”
The reason is simple. Before taking “shortcuts” one has to master the essence.

The three secrets of Tantric Sadhana

Although there are different types of Sadhana, there are three parts to all Sadhanas — also called the three secrets. Venerable Khempo Ringu Tulku explains:

Venerable Khempo Ringu Tulku

“…the three “secrets”, characterise sadhanas, and not only sadhanas, but all Buddhist practices:

  1. In the beginning, or during the preparation phase, there is the secret of Bodhicitta

  2. In the middle, that is the real practice, there is the secret of Selflessness

  3. In the end, there is the secret of Dedication.”[3]

In other words, the first section of a Sadhana focuses on developing Bodhichitta: “I am doing this for the sake of all sentient beings, I am going to deliver them and lead them to Buddhahood”, as Venerable Khempo Ringu explains.

An inside spread of “Tara in the palm of your hand.” There are guided meditations (sadhanas) with illustrations for each of the 21 Taras. Uniquely, in this case, the 21 Taras are in the precious Surya Gupta tradition — where each of the 21 Taras appears different. In other systems, the 21 Taras appear similar, changing only in colour and a few minor expressions. To order the paperback edition of this book, visit Amazon>>

Then, in the middle, we focus on practice without selfishness — with no attachments and “with a view of Shunyata.” To do this, we have to “purify” obscurations, develop merit (through the six paramitas or givings). We also generate ourselves (or pretend to) as the Enlightened Deity as a method to remove those attachments and develop wisdom. Ven. Khempo Ringu elaborates:

“Through the practice of sadhanas, we forcefully turn ourselves into a deity, and we exercise or train to see ourselves, our body, speech and mind, as the body, speech and mind of the Buddhas, even though we have not actually reached that stage. This is what is meant by exercising at the result level, which is why Tantrayana is sometimes called the Yana of Results.”

Thirdly, we dedicate the merit of the practice to the benefit of all sentient beings.
“Emerging from the meditation, when we return to the mundane level of consciousness, we again dedicate whatever merits we may have gained through the practice we have just done for the benefit of all sentient beings, we say the wishing prayers and conclude the sadhana by the Mangalam prayer, which means “auspicious prayer”.

Incessant Sadhana practice and mantra recitation are recommended by Guru Rinpoche.

The secret of Sadhanas

As with recipes, the Sadhana ensures consistency of result. It ensures all the steps are taken, none forgotten, step-by-step, properly and completely. There may be shortcuts for fast-food, but not for a dish people will never forget; for that special dish, guidance from a chef (teacher), a demonstration and guiding hand (empowerment), weeks or months of repetition (practice), and good skills and focus are required.
Sadhanas, depending on whether the student is practicing lower tantra or higher tantra, can be simple or very long and detailed. Not to overuse my analogy, but it’s the difference between a cheese omelette recipe and a soufflé. Even with a cheese omelette, the expert cook with years of practice will make this simple dish irresistible.

The unifying factor of all Sadhanas: motivation

Without proper motivation — the Bodhichitta motivation, specifically — there is no purpose to Mahayana Sadhana. H.E. Zasep Rinpoche explains:

H.E. Venerable Zasep Tulku Rinpoche has taught in the West for 40 years and is spiritual head of Gaden Choling for the West centres in Canada, U.S. and Australia.

“Motivation at the beginning, and dedication at the end. According to Kadam tradition and Gelug tradition, in the Lamrim teachings, mentioned it is very important to have right motivation in the beginning — the beginning of your practice.

Let’s say you sit down to meditate, or do sadhana practice — whatever practice you do — you must, and should, begin with right motivation, pure motivation. That makes a big difference for your practice.

“For instance, when you generate Bodhichitta motivation, pure motivation, you say, from your heart, “I would like to do this practice, meditation session, or sadhana practice, or mantra recitation, for the benefit of all sentient beings. Enlightenment for all sentient beings. May I become Buddha for the sake of all sentient beings, as soon as possible. For that reason, I am going to do Samatha Vipassana meditation, or I would like to do sadhana — say, sadhana of Tara, or sadhana of Avalokiteshvara.”
 

Preliminary practices included

Most Sadhanas contain preliminary practices — the foundation practices (Ngondro) necessary in Vajrayana practice. In today’s modern age of (mostly) lay practitioners, it is rare to find time to do 100,000 prostrations, 100,000 water bowl offerings, 100,000 Mandala offerings, 100,000 Vajrasattva mantras — all before even beginning practice. Beneficial, certainly, but logistically impossible for many of us.
Fortunately, if you’re unconvinced of the merits of those important foundations, most Sadhana’s include the important ones. So, if you “jump ahead” to deity practices — with the permission of your teacher, of course — at least you can continue to practice the foundations every single day, especially the “four special” Ngondro:
  • Prostrations and Taking Refuge
  • Vajrasattva Mantra
  • Mandala Offering
  • Guru Yoga

 

Most complete Sadhanas include all of these, and other preliminaries.

The ingredients of Sadhana

As with recipes, some Sadhanas have very few ingredients; a secret of many great dishes is very few ingredients. Others, require complexity (analogous to higher tantra.)
The main elements of any Sadhana (such as Medicine Buddha) form the base elements of the more complex Higher Tantras as well:
  • Refuge: taking Refuge in Guru and the Three Jewels: Buddha Dharma and Sangha
  • Generating Bodhichitta (and often meditating on the Four Immeasurable)
  • Seven-Limb Practice (all Sadhanas have either a simple or highly detailed version of this)
    • Bodhichitta motivation
    • Prostration
    • Offerings
    • Admitting our mistakes and requesting Forbearance (confession/purification)
    • Rejoicing
    • Requesting teachings
    • Requesting our teacher remain with us
  • Generating as deity: Vajrayana is unique in Buddhism; it adds “Generation as a deity” or “visualization” to other forms of meditation (such as breath or mindfulness); specifically, visualization of becoming the Enlightened Being. Although we’re only practicing (or play-acting the Enlightened role) — it is vital role-playing; similar to an actor rehearsing the script, or a chef praticing with ingredients. Importantly, the Sadhana will fully describe in elaborate detail, exactly what to visualize.
  • Mantra recitation: introduces sacred sound to the recipe — this is one of the “secret sauces” of Vajrayana
  • Dedication of the merit (considered indispensable in Buddhist Practice).

The goal: a shortcut to Enlightenment

Vajrayana is called the “lightning path” — the fast path to Enlightenment — because of highly formulated methods proven by the Buddha and realized teachers. Therefore, the ultimate goal of any Sadhana is to provide the “steps” or recipe for Enlightenment. The nearer goal would be to develop compasion, wisdom and realizations. In a teaching on White Tara, Lama Zopa Rinpoche explained the essence:

Lama Zopa Rinpoche

“When Lama Tsongkhapa asked Manjushri: “What is the quick way to achieve enlightenment?” Manjushri advised Lama Tsongkhapa to attempt all these together: purifying the obstacles to attainment (Vajrasattva practice is what is normally mentioned in texts, but it includes Confession of Downfalls with recitation of the Thirty-five Buddhas’ names and so forth); collect the necessary condition of merit (offering mandalas is what is usually mentioned); second (since the previous two are counted together), make one-pointed request to the guru to receive blessings; and third, train your mind in the actual body of the practice, the stages of the path to enlightenment. This is the answer Manjushri gave to Lama Tsongkhapa’s question.” [2]

Of course, Sadhanas contain the essence of this teaching.

Purposes of the steps

Prior to achieving the greater goal, you could distill down the various methods to certain purposes or tactical goals:
  • Purifying negative karma (confession)
  • Generating merit (through offerings and so on)
  • Developing compassion (Bodhichitta practices)
  • Developing wisdom and insights
  • Overcoming incorrect perceptions of the nature of reality.
You can also think of Sadhanas as formulas that help us overcome the Three Poisons:
  • Delusion (Sanskrit: moha, Tibetan gti mug, English: confusion, ignorance)
  • Attachment (Sanskrit raga; Tibetan ‘dod chags; English desire, sensuality, greed)
  • Aversion (Sanskrit dvesa, Tibetan zhe sdang; English hatred)
For example, prostrations help us overcome “pride’ which is associated with Attachment to Ego. Visualizing our enemies being blessed (part of many Sadhanas) helps overcome Aversion or hatred. Offerings help us overcome “greed” which is also Attachment. Visualizing the deity and mantra help us develop the wisdom to overcome Delusions.

Ingredients of more advanced practices

Almost all longer Sadhanas begin with a description of the lineage. This helps reinforce the “source” of our practice. Alexander Berzin explains:
“Now the structure of a sadhana is – the full sadhanas – is that it starts with a lineage practice. So you visualize the whole lineage going back to the Buddha, in whatever form the Buddha might have appeared in for giving the practice. Whether it’s Vajradhara, whether it’s Samantabhadra, whatever it is, it doesn’t matter. It will be different in each practice. And then you imagine the whole line of lineage masters going all the way down to your present master, the one that you receive the empowerment from, and you recite a verse for each one of them; or it can be a verse that includes a few of them.” [2]
The base sauce really doesn’t change when a student moves to more advanced practices. All recipes have the methods listed above. The key difference as the student advances is the introduction to more complicated methods with more and more sumptuous results. As with any magnificent chef’s dish, these more complicated recipes take years to master — the results are incredible.

Eleven Yogas of Vajrayogini

The Eleven Yogas of Vajrayogini — for example — contains a highly formulated complete long practice of Highest Yoga Tantra. Other Highest Yoga practices have these ingredients (or most of them) but Vajrayogini is considered the “ideal practice” for the modern age, in part because the map to realizations is so detailed and precise. Although we cannot elaborate on these methods here — you must have the guidance of a teacher — the descriptions of the 11 Yogas are widely published, and simply listed here to give you the context (each has very detailed methods and extensive teachings). Typically, each of these might be the subject of one or more days of teaching as an introduction from the teacher:
  • Yoga of Sleep
  • Yoga of Arising
  • Yoga of Experiencing Nectar
  • Yoga of the Immeasurables
  • Yoga of the Guru
  • Yoga of Generation
  • Yoga of Purifying and Blessing All Living Beings
  • Yoga of Receiving blessings from the Enlightened Ones
  • Yoga of Verbal and Mental Recitation of the Mantra
  • Yoga of Inconceivability
  • Yoga of Daily Activities
As part of these, there are still the Seven Limbs, Offerings (including, in this case, higher offerings such as Tsog and Torma), Purification (requesting Forbearance), auspicious prayers and dedication.

Special ingredients

Some Sadhanas have other special ingredients, such as detailed body mandala. Then, of course, there’s “completion” practice — which normally requires years of practice and expertise and works with the inner channels and winds.
All of these methods, even the simplest, can take a lifetime of effort. By having the “recipe” we make sure no time is wasted with experimentation that either leads nowhere or is detrimental.

By way of analogy, science is built on its precursors. A scientist doesn’t have to re-prove every theory and conduct the same experiments over and over. Science progresses, building on the “backs” of its previous discoveries. Vajrayana, similarly, builds on the insights and wisdom and achievements of its precursors, the great teachers going back to Shakyamuni Buddha.

The habit of Sadhana is about results, not boredom

Many people don’t embrace Sadhana because they feel it’s too repetitive (boring) — like playing the scales on a piano keyboard over and over. Never-the-less, regardless of the expertise we are trying to develop — professional sports, musician, chef, author, engineer or spiritual explorer — we not only need knowledge (teachers); we also need constant repetition and practice with known formulas (recipes) that are proven to lead to conclusive results.

But, why do we have to “speak it?”

Two techniques in education are well-established: verbal and written repetition. It is well established that these lead to absorption and learning. Saying something out loud also “activates” parts of the mind that reading silently does not — including memory recall, activation of visualization elements, and so on.
The great teachers of Buddhist lineage long ago relied on the power of verbal repetition. Many sadhanas were not written down but were verbally transmitted. For convenience, today, we are fortunate to have many of them written, translated and transcribed.
Reading them aloud not only assists in visualization and recall, but it also ensures no steps are missed.

Why do I have to visualize it that way?

Another big question of beginning students — and sometimes more advanced students — is “why do I have to exactly visualize compassion that way?”
This is where centuries of psychology come into play. Jungian psychiatric methods, particularly, speak to “visual archetypes” that transcend the obvious. Touching the earth is not a simple gesture — it has a nuanced meaning — “the Earth is my witness”, Buddha said. Vajra and Bell are profound, with many layers of meaning: Vajra represents method and compassion; bell represents wisdom and Sunyata.  (For a feature on the symbolism of Vjara and Bell, see this feature>>)
Part of our learning experience is to study these symbols. Our teacher will describe their meaning in our teachings. We might explore them more fully in the written commentaries, and then later in our own meditations.

No editing, please

The key element, though, regardless of the symbol, it is important not to suddenly visualize the deity or symbol differently.
For example, because of our own preference, we might visualize Black Mahakala with rippling abs — our vision of athletic power. Yet, in fact, Black Mahakala has a massive belly — symbolic of vast tummo energy. Changing the sex of a deity also would be highly problematic — typically, male deities represent a different concept from the female.
The symbols are all soundly based on thousands of years of archetypes drilled into our deep subconscious — what Jung described as the Collective Unconcious. Changing imagery is considered ineffective, or even detrimental.

The long and short of Sadhana

In short, Sadhanas are recipes. Once mastered, under the guidance of the teacher, we should see realizations and results. If we don’t follow the “recipes” results are less likely, or even impossible. The recipes are precious — and we are very fortunate to have the wisdom of ancient realized teacher’s not only written but mostly translated into our own languages.
NOTES
[3] Venerable Khempo Ringu Tulku

The post Sadhanas: the secret sauce recipe of Vajrayana Buddhism — the ingredients that make it effective, and how to embrace its elegant formulas appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Video: Healing Teacher-Guided Meditation & Mantras Black Manjushri: H.E. Zasep Rinpoche — especially recommended for Caronavirus and Cancers

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In a new Buddha Weekly teacher-guided video, H.E. Zasep Rinpoche recommends Black Manjushri to students for healing and protection, especially from Novel Coronavirus and other diseases, including cancer. Rinpoche guides us through the practice, visualization and mantras for this special healing practice treasured by TIbetan Buddhists — offering advice and commentary for both students who are initiated and those who are not (front visualization.) Chant along with Rinpoche, and visualize the blue healing light/energy of Black Manjushri. Rinpoche also explains when to visualize “Peaceful” Black Manjushri versus the more wrathful form.

This is full 30-minute teaching, well-worth the full watch with commentary, guided visualization, wrathful versus peaceful imagery, mantra transmission (Rinpoche slowly says the mantra three times, you should repeat out loud), and then a short chant-along session with Rinpoche.

Time index for “jumping to topics” below video.

TIME INDEX for those jumping to specific areas:

0-1:23 Title and credits and information
1:24: Important medical disclaimer from Rinpoche: Rinpoche advises people to work with their health care providers.
1:36: Rinpoche’s introduction to “Healing Practice of Black Manjushri” — “I feel this is an important practice right now… with Carona Nova Virus.”
3:28: Black Manjushri Lineage explained: one of the “13 golden Dharmas of Shakya tradition.”
4:17: Benefits with examples of past students who benefited from full recovery through Black Manjushri healing.
5:09: Introducing differences in practice for people “with initiation” and “without initiation.”
5:15: For people with initiation: Take Buddhist Refuge, Generate Bodhichitta, Four Immeasurables, then you visualize yourself as Black Manjushri, then do 7-limb practice (described in full detail later)
6:04 “At your heart, you visualize Black Dhi syllable” — Dhi syllable and visualized healing light animated demonstration video.

 

Dhi syllable and animated light visualization from video.

6:37 “Om Benz Samaja” or “Om Vajra Samaja” and visualization described.
6:59 “How to practice if you do NOT have empowerment or initiation.” — visualize in front of you.

7:48 Seven-Limb Practice in English.
10:27 Guided visualization of Black Manjushri in front of you (no initiation).

 

12:12 When to visualize Peaceful or Wrathful Black Manjushri.
13:41 Sometimes wrathful is necessary.
14:30 Visualizing Peaceful Black Manjushri.

 

Peaceful Black Manjushri is seated with a slightly “stern” face. Some people feel more comfortable visualizing Peaceful Black Manjushri, especially if they’ve been traumatized. Wrathful visualization can feel more powerful — reinforced by the symbolism of activity and fierceness.

17:25 Making offerings with mudras.
18:05 How to recite the mantra of Black Manjushri (with mantra on screen.)

 

Black Manjushri’s healing mantra.

19:19 Chant mantra along with Rinpoche for healing (with text sub titles of mantra.)
23:04 Mantras rules: not to fast, not to slow, not too loud, not to soft…
23:38 Chanting for others for inspiration or healing.
24:28 Visualizing yourself as Black Manjushri (only if initiated).

 

Rinpoche explains when to visualize Wrathful Black Manjushri. Wrathful conveys a symbolic sense of urgent, powerful energy.

28:15 Demonstrating Kriya Tantra Offering Mudras.
29:05 How to chant mantra and more chanting.

 

The post Video: Healing Teacher-Guided Meditation & Mantras Black Manjushri: H.E. Zasep Rinpoche — especially recommended for Caronavirus and Cancers appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

Buddhist healing: strengthening health, helping others — downloadable text from Jason Espada: A Collection of Buddhist Methods for Healing

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Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation. Copyright Buddha Weekly.

Editor’s Introduction — Jason Espada is well-known for preserving and publishing teachings. Now, in this time of world crisis, Jason has published a free collection of Buddhist teachings on Healings. As he says in his introduction —

We have time now, and the strong motivation to practice, so if we connect with a Tradition, the result can only be to the good.

With his kind permission, we are publishing his introduction with links to the downloadable pdf text. You will find a variety of profound teachings from various teachers collected in this brilliant text. Although meditation, mantra and healing visualizations are not a replacement for traditional healthcare, these profound methods are proven through time-honored lineage and tradition.

A Collection of Buddhist Methods for Healing

By Jason Espada

Here is the complete text, A Collection of Buddhist Methods for Healing in pdf format.

For ease of reference, I’ve made these two hyperlinked posts – one for the Introduction, and one for the Table of Contents

Introduction

Since so many people these days are asking what they can do to strengthen their health, and to help others, I thought to offer this collection of Buddhist methods for healing. We have time now, and the strong motivation to practice, so if we connect with a Tradition, the result can only be to the good.

Sadhana: prayer, mantra and visualization

Visualizing healing light from White Tara.

In Tibetan Buddhism, a sadhana is a method of accomplishment that uses prayer, mantra, and visualization, based on Buddhist philosophy. These are practices that people have used for centuries in Tibet, China, and India, and that are now becoming known in the West.

The first half of this collection includes sadhanas and commentaries that will hopefully make these practices as accessible as they can be for those new to these methods. For older students, the commentaries can clarify and encourage us to practice well.

The second half of this book is of a more general nature. It has advice on healing, essays, poetry, and prayers.

See what works best for you, and,

May you and all those you care for be blessed in every way.

 

When we visualize Buddhas and deities in Tibetan Buddhism we see them as “the nature of light and energy”.

 

An Overview of the Contents of this Collection

Part One

Lama Zopa Rinpoche

Lama Zopa’s teaching on Blessing the Speech makes use of the Sanskrit Vowels and Consonants, and the Mantra of Dependent Origination. These can be recited before any practice, or at its conclusion, to further empower and to stabilize the blessings.

The sadhanas, or methods of accomplishment in this collection come from the Tibetan Buddhist Tradition, and they are organized as follows:

The texts on the two most common practices used for healing – those of the Healing Buddha, and White Tara;

I am including here commentaries by great contemporary teachers, Lama Zopa Rinpoche, Lama Lodro, Zazep Tulku, Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal, and Geshe Wangdu;

White Tara and the Deities of Long Life

White Tara is considered one of the Three Deities of Long Life, along with Namgyalma, or Ushnishavijaya, and Amitayus. They are often pictured together on thankas, and visualized as well in practice.

Their individual sadhanas are included at this point.

Their mantras can be also done along with a session of White Tara.

A recent message from Geshe Sopa’s Deer Park says

His Holiness the Dalai Lama has advised chanting the Tara mantra as much as possible to help stem the spread of the coronavirus. 

We can supplicate Tara with deep faith recognizing that she is the embodiment of the enlightened activity of all the Buddhas.

 

White Tara mantra in English with the glowing light body of White Tam.

 

 

Tara is known for her swift action, and is especially helpful in relieving fears of any kind.

Her mantra is

OM TARE TUTTARE TURE SOHA

 

Editor: White Tara guided visualization video:

Tara videos with mantras

Here are two videos with the mantra. Right-click and select ‘Loop’ to play continuously.

Next come the practices that are being recommended for the current conditions, in 2020:

The first is one called Vajra Armor

The Noble Bodhisattva Lama Zopa Rinpoche recently posted a video that includes a teaching on this practice. The accompanying notes read, ‘Watching this video attentively qualifies as having received the oral transmission of the following mantra and prayers.’  

The reading transmission begins at the 36:40 mark.

A second practice that has been recommended is that of Black Manjushri

For me, this particular practice feels appropriate at this unique moment in time, dealing as it does with what they broadly call pollution as the cause of illness. Its effects in a short time have been powerful, healing and protecting.

There is a fine introduction to this practice on Buddha Weekly, that includes a wonderful video of a teaching by the Venerable Zazep Tulku.

 

The Prayer Liberating Sakya from Disease, by the Maha Siddha Tangtong Gyalpo is next. This uses the mantra of Avalokiteshvara, or Chenrezig, along with prayer to accomplish our purpose;

Various groups of practices have been recommended by Lama Zopa Rinpoche over the years for infectious diseases, and these include:

  • Black Garuda, and
  • Logyunma, also called Loma Gyonma, or Parnashavari which is an aspect of Tara.
  • This is followed by A Vajrasattva Sadhana, and a brief commentary on this practice by Lama Lodro Rinpoche

We can see for ourselves which of these practices are effective for us.

Many commentaries exist, online and in books, and if we feel a connection with one or more of these methods, we should seek out those precious teachings.

Medicine Buddha

For the Healing Buddha, there is Lama Zopa Rinpoche’s Teachings from the Medicine Buddha Retreat, and Medicine Buddha Teachings, by Thrangu Rinpoche; Khenpo Kathar also has a book on White Tara Practice called The Wish Fulfilling Wheel;

There is an abundance of information online as well. Here is my Concise Set of Buddhist Healing Prayers and Practices. Knowing how to do any one of these practices in the traditional way, we’ll understand how to accomplish any of the others that are similar.

Jason Espade recites Medicine Buddha Sutra:

Connecting with and choosing a practice

My own feeling is that it’s possible for a person can connect with any of these practices by hearing or even just reading a mantra. Other practices take some time and application to have a feeling for their qualities. This much is commonly known in Indian Spirituality. To get the full benefit from any of these practices, in either case, we need to apply ourselves, with compassion for those who suffer, and with faith and energy. Then positive results are sure to come.

His Holiness the Dalai Lama recommends Tara mantra and practice in these troubled times.

For ease of reference, just the names of the practices can be found here, and their mantras are on pages 132 to 134 of the pdf.

There is a karmic reason why we would have one practice, and another person would choose another. And there is a reason why a mantra may wake up at some time in our life, or in our world, and be effective. These are interdependent causes functioning in our lives.

For this reason, I don’t criticize any person’s practice, or even a practice I’m not doing or feeling any result from any particular time. Conditions can change, I have seen, and a mantra and its divine energy can awaken for us, and be a source of healing.

See for yourself what brings the most benefit for you, and all those you care for.

Lama Zopa said:

“Because of the flourishing of the five degenerations (lifespan, views, emotions, time, and beings), the diagnosis of sickness has changed and new disease patterns have emerged. Doctors have difficulty in recognizing the new diseases and do not know the treatment. These patterns are just as Padmasambhava predicted…”

The tantras have been collected and passed down over the centuries with this very purpose in mind, to help us to respond to difficult conditions as they arise. They are the result of compassionate and accomplished teachers who have preceded us, and left us their blessing in the form of pure energy, sacred texts and images.

In addition, new practices have been formulated, or revealed in response to the needs of the time. These terma, or revealed treasures are considered to have fresh blessings, to be more accessible and in some cases more effective methods. If we have a connection, they will work for us, just as they say.

Part Two of this collection has teachings, poetry and prayers, and essays on Vajrayana practice that may be useful, as well as Protective Chants from the Pali Canon.

Whatever methods we have that can help us to help each other should be shared now as widely as possible. This is the time. This is most decidedly what all of our study and practice up to now has been for, and this is why our spiritual ancestors have given us their gifts. They are exactly for this hour.

In these needful times, I turn again to my teachers, and with faith to these methods of accomplishment gathered from various sources.

May these practices be of extensive benefit, now and in the future,
as much as is ever needed
May all of our practice be deeply healing
May it bring us all complete freedom from fear
May all illness be dispelled
May excellent health and peace be firmly established for us all
and may all beings everywhere enjoy oceans of happiness and good fortune

A detailed Table of Contents follows, with links to audio and video, and online resources.

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Manjushri as Father, Mother, Child — and Doctor: the eleven aspects of Manjushri — kind, wrathful, protective, teaching and “beastly”

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Manjushri is the “master of the Seven Buddhas” and the “mother of the Buddhas” — and also the “child” of the Buddhas — according to Ajatasatruraja Sutra:

“Manjushri is the father and mother of the Bodhissatvas, and their spiritual child.” [3]

Manjushri’s numerous faces, personas, and complexities only hint at the completeness of Buddha Manjushri  — father, mother and child at the same time!  We see Manjushri, the “child” Bodhisattva, sitting at the side of Shakyamuni in the Sutras, asking profound questions. [Child here means “Bodhisattva” or spiritual child of the Buddha.] At the same time, we meditate on the fully enlightened Buddha Manjushri, the perfect representation of Wisdom. As Orange Manjushri, his best-known form, we see “youthful” Manjushri. As Black Manjushri, the healer. As Yamantaka the ferocious, unbeatable foe of death! No Buddha has as many emanations and faces as Noble Manjushri.

Note: A short daily Orange Manjushri Sadhana from the fifth Dalai Lama is at the end of this feature. This practice is open to anyone as praise and meditation (assuming you visualize Manjushri in front of you.)

Mother and Father and Child Manjushri?

Since Wisdom — specifically the Enlightened understanding of Shunyata — is the Mother of Buddhas, Manjushri the Buddha of Wisdom is Mother. Why is Wisdom the Mother? Without Wisdom, no Buddha can be Enlightened.

Buddha Enlightenment is born from two “equal wings”: Wisdom and Compassion. Wisdom is Mother. Compassion is Father. Since Manjushri embodies both, he is both Father and Mother.

 

Lord Manjushri in his full youthful splendour by Ben Christian. The flaming sword (Khadga) of Lord Manjushri represents “cutting through delusions” — the beginning of wisdom. [For a feature on Ben Christian, the modern Thangka artist, see>>]

 

A beautiful thangka of Lord Manjushri by Jampay Dorje. See this full interview with this great modern Thangka artist>>

Of course, all Buddhas embody both — but Manjushri’s forms and appearance focus on both at the same time in terms of visual symbolism:

  • In his right hand the Prajna Kudga, the flaming sword of wisdom — which represents the activity of “cutting through delusions” — compassionate action, and therefore “Father”

  • In his left hand he holds the stem of a Lotus, upon which is the Prajnaparamita sutra. Prajnaparamita is Mother, which he fully embodies

  • He manifests also as a youthful Bodhisattva — the “child” of the Buddhas.

Glorious youthful Manjushri, with his iconic sword of active wisdom, is just one of his many forms of wisdom. To fulfill this mission, as teacher, guide and protector, Manjushri manifests with many faces. Traditionally, in Mahayana Buddhism, each Buddha manifests in up to “eleven forms, expressions of “skillful means” — and each deity form is profound and popular for different reasons. Nowhere is this more apparent than in Manjushri, the Buddha who embodies Father, Mother, Bodhisattva Child, peaceful, wrathful, and even beastly. Why so many faces? Manjushri’s mission of “Compassionate Wisdom” demands “skillful means.”

Peaceful, Wrathful, Semi-wrathful, Animal Aspect, and more

Manjushri manifests in many forms. Here he is Black Manjushri in wrathful standing form — famous as a healing meditation for agressive illnesses such as Covid-19 and Cancers.

People who do not understand the profound “method” of deity visualization may think of the many forms of Buddha as superstitious. They are, in fact, deeply profound, incorporating universal archetypal symbolism and visual triggers to our own innate wisdom process.

Why would Manjushri manifest with an “animal head? His “Highest Form” Yamantaka has nine heads, one of which is a Buffalo head. Why do we sometimes meditate on a ferocious Black Manjushri? Why is Manjushri sometimes a youthful sixteen-year-old holding a flaming Wisdom Sword (“Prajna Kudga”) and the Prajnaparamita Sutra? In between those extremes is semi-fierce Black Manjushri.

Dharma as Medicine, Buddha forms as Doctors

The great teachers often present Dharma as analogous to medicine — Dharma as medicine, Buddha as “doctor” and Sangha as “supporting care givers.” Manjushri practice is Dharma (medicine), his forms are “doctors” — some forms are specialists, such as surgeons, other viral experts — and his Entourage are the “supporting Sangha.”

In previous features, we’ve used the analogy of the parent to describe wrathful deities; in the same way a father might take on the “persona” of “kind” or “sympathetic” or “fierce” parent, depending on the needs of a child, Manjushri — and all Buddha’s — manifest in various forms to teach or guide us. Which father would you rather have at your side if you are bullied at school? Probably the fierce and protective father. When you are struggling great tragedy? Probably the kindly, hand-holding father. [For more on this, see this feature on Wrathful deities>>]

Doctor, Specialist and Surgeon

Peaceful seated Black Manjushri.

In other words, if you grouped the Buddha “emanation” forms by wrathfulness and compared to “doctor” function you might see this analogy:

  • Peaceful form of Manjushri — Family Doctor
  • Semi-wrathful form of Manjushri, such as Black Manjushri— surgeon or specialist
  • Wrathful form of Manjushri, such as Yamantaka — Specialist surgeon (neurosurgery, for example.)

In the more common metaphor of “father” personality:

  • Peaceful form of Manjushri — kindly father who listens to your problems
  • Semi-wrathful form of Manjushri — father ready to defend or discipline his child (for their own good.)
  • Wrathful form of Manjushri — the enraged protective father who would do anything to protect his child — in the case of the “Vajra Terrifier” Yamantaka, he protects from death.

Mantra as Medicine

Since Manjushri encompasses Mother, Father and Child aspects, his core mantra is likewise all-encompassing. If Manjushri can be thought of as Doctor, his mantra is the medicine:

Om A Ra Pa Cha Na Dhi

 

 

Om starts all mantras, and Dhi is Manjushri’s “seed syllable.” For this reason his mantra is often called the ARAPACHANA mantra. Its effect on mind and body has actually been studied. Here is a full feature on a Cognitive Study of ARAPACHANA by Dr. Deepika Chamoli Shahi, PhD>>

Manjushri’s powerful mantra is open to anyone to chant:

Why is Black Manjushri associated with healing?

Black and wrathful symbolize ferocious energy. While we may wish for a “peaceful” state of mind when contemplating mindfulness or Dharma, when we have need of healing it is more important to “activate” mind-over-body. Contemplating and visualizing Black Manjushri — in front of you if you don’t have initiation — and chanting his mantra is a famous healing practice. While it certainly does NOT replace advice from your physician, there is no doubt that — with faith — Black Manjushri’s healing energy can be helpful. Hundreds of lineage teachers through many generations have relied on the practice. For a story on Black Manjushri, see>>

Black Manjushri’s Mantra is acceptable to chant without empowerment as long as you visualize the Buddha in front of you:

The mantra is:

OM PRASO CHUSO DURTASO DURMISO NYING GOLA CHO KALA DZA KAM SHAM TRAM BHE PHET SOHA

It is also helpful to chant Manjushri’s mantra:

Om Ah Rah Pah Chah Na Dih

 

Black Manjushri for healing: a guided visualization:

Black Manjushri’s healing mantra. Screengrab from video inset above.

 

Five key forms of any Buddha

People new to Mahayana Buddhism often wonder at Sutra references such as “hundreds of thousands of millions of Buddhalands to the West, there is a world called Ultimate Bliss.” [1]

White Manjushri

References to millions of Buddhas or Purelands are reasonable, given that the Universe is Infinite — and if you understand that all sentient beings have “Buddha Nature.” [For a feature on Buddha Nature, see>>]

Colour is often used to symbolize the five key aspects that focus on the five poisons (skandas): White, Blue, Red, Yellow (Gold) and Green. There is also “Black” for wrathful forms. For example, there are white, yellow or orange and black Manjushris.

How we meditate on a Buddha varies. Not only do we have the many Buddhas — Manjushri, Shakyamuni (who manifested in our time), Amitabha, Avalokiteshvara — each of these Buddhas emanates in numerous forms.

These key forms then can manifest with different levels of “energy” or “activity” (wrathfulness) or archetype (such as kingly, monastic.)

Emanations as layers?

You can think of these aspects of emanations of Buddhas as layers of symbolism. For example, in the advanced practice of Vajrabhairava (Yamantaka), the serious practitioner visualizes Yamantaka’s external form — which is vastly complicated, with nine faces, 34 arms and 16 legs. But, at his heart, Yamantaka has youthful Manjushri. Then, at Manjushri’s heart we visualized the seed syllable HUM. These “layers” are another way to understand the deities — who are none other than your own Buddha Nature manifesting outwardly.

It starts with the seed syllable Hum — the first emanation from the Emptiness or Oneness of Shunyata — then emanates outward to Manjushri in his youthful, popular form, then further outward to two-armed, one faced Yamantaka — and finally to the great Vajra Terrifier Yamantaka with nine faces, 34 arms and 16 legs.

 

Arguably the most ferocious of wrathful yidams in Manjushri’s form Solitary Hero Yamantaka with 9 faces, 34 arms, 16 legs treading on gods, men and beasts alike. Detail from a magnificent Tangkha by Ben Christian (Jampay Dorje). See this full interview with this great modern Thangka artist>>

An all-encompassing practice: Yamantaka

Yamantaka and consort.

Yamantaka practice — celebrating the most ferocious aspect of Manjushi — in particular, includes every form of sadhana practice:

  • Refuge and Bodhichitta
  • Lineage Guru Yoga
  • Vows
  • Complete Lama Tsongkhapa practice: “The Hundreds of Deities of the Joyful Land” (Gaden Lha Gyai Ma)
  • Seven Limb Practice
  • Complete Vajrasattva practice — not just the mantra, but a complete purification sadhana
  • Outer and inner mandala offerings
  • Inner Offerings (multiple)
  • Outer Sense Offerings (multiple offerings)
  • Common Protection Wheel
  • Uncommon Protection Wheel
  • Three Kaya Practice: transforming ordinary death into Dharmakaya; transforming the intermediate (Bhardo) state into the Sambogakkaya; transforming rebirth into the Nirmanakaya
  • Preliminary and Concluding Torma offerings
  • Complete practice of the entire mandala, including the wrathful protectors
  • Blessing of all the organs and senses — a form of Body Manadala
  • Empowerment and intiation
  • Consecrating the mala
  • Mantra recitations, including Manjushri’s core mantra OM A RA PA TZA NA DHI, the great Root Mantra Dharani, the Action Mantra and Essence Mantras
  • Generation of Karmayama and other wrathful members of the great mandala and Torma offerings — and the request for actions and activities to benefit all beings
  • Extensive praises
  • The Yoga of Daily Activities

There is no practice missing here.

For more on Yamantaka practice — which, of course requires permission and initiation — see our earlier feature>> “Angry Wisdom: Yamantaka, the Destroyer off Death…”

 

Orange Manjushri.

 

Eleven iconic forms — to tap our visual imagination

If you look at the different styles of meditation, Buddha’s emanate as remedies (medicine) for the Five Poisons — hence the Five Buddha Families. [For more on the Five Buddha families, see>>] Then, each of these Five Buddhas — who can be considered emanations of Shakyamuni — manifest in various forms, which tend to fall into the “eleven iconic aspects” — here presented in the order of “peaceful” to “wrathful”:

1 – Buddha appearance
2 – Monastic appearance
3 – Lay figure appearance
4 – Elder appearance
5 – Mahasiddha appearance
6 – Kingly appearance
7 – Peaceful Deva or Bodhisattva appearance
8 – Semi-wrathful
9 – Warrior appearance
10 – Wrathful or “Angry” appearance
11 – Animal-headed (or featured) deities

 

The many faces of Wisdom and Compassion: Top right ferocious Yamantaka (two arms), top center Yamantaka with nine heads — Manjushri’s head on top — top right a rarer tantric form, center bottom Orange Manjushri with Wisdom Sword, bottom right center Peaceful Black Manjushri, bottom Right Wrathful Black Manjushri and bottom left, the syllable Hum on a Lotus.

 

You could simplify this list down by the “energy” level aspect to Peaceful, Semi-Wrathful, Wrathful. For example, under various types of “wrathful energy,” you might have “Warrior”, “Angry” or “Animal Headed.”

 

Orange Manjushri with his sword of wisdom that “cuts through delusions.”

 

Many forms of Manjushri

There are countless forms from sutra and tantra, including Manjushri the Bodhisattva who appears often in the teaching sutras, Manjushri the Peaceful Buddha, various semi-wrathful forms, and — without contradiction — the most wrathful form of any meditation deity — Vajrabhairva, the Vajra Terrifier. There are also some lesser known aspects (see photos in this feature for some images):

Manjushri-Ghosha (Tibetan: jam pal yang)

The Glorious One with a Melodious Voice, the Bodhisattva we see as the heart-son fo the Buddha Shakyamuni in sutra.

Manjushri Gosha.

“Possessing a youthful body and fully extending wisdoms lamp, you clear away the darkness of the three worlds; to you, Manjushri, I bow.” from a Sakya liturgical verse.

This emanation is described as: “youthful in appearance, orange in colour like the rising sun, the right hand loosely extended across the knee holds the stem of a blue utpala flower blossoming above the shoulder supporting a blue upright sword of wisdom giving forth licks of flame from the tip. Cradled to the heart with the left hand is a folio text of the Prajnaparamita sutra. At the top of the head beneath a gemstone blazing with orange fire the blue hair is piled in a topknot, some falling loose across the shoulders, tied with golden flowers. A thin areola, reddish and ethereal, surrounds the head. Lightly adorned with gold earrings and a choker necklace, he wears a blue-green scarf and a lower garment with even-folds of red and pink covering the legs. In a relaxed posture of royal ease atop a large pink lotus blossom with lush green foliage rising on thin stems from a pond of blue rippling water below, he sits against an open background and vast clear sky.” [4]

Namasangiti four-armed Manjushri

From Himilayan Art:
“In a peaceful manner, yellow in colour, with one face and four hands Manjushri holds in the first right a blue sword of wisdom wrapped with licks of flame and in the left held to the heart the stem of a pink utpala flower blossoming at the left ear supporting the Prajnaparamita text. In the lower two hands are an arrow and a bow. Adorned with fine ornaments of gold and jewels as a crown, earrings, necklaces and bracelets he is draped in a variety of scarves, silks and a lower garment of rainbow colours. Seated atop a moon and multi-coloured lotus seat he emanates a pale yellow nimbus of fine light rays and a green areola completely enclosed by dark green leaves and lotus blossoms.
In front, from a dark blue pool with water fowl sporting rises a pink lotus as a foundation for an array of rich offerings of a golden Dharma Wheel, wishing jewels, auspicious emblems, vases and delicious foods offered to the noble Manjushri.”

A Meditation On Orange Manjushri

by the Fifth Dalai Lama (1617-1682)

NAMO GURUJA VAGIH SHARAHYA
I make humble obeisance to you, great Tsongkhapa, Personification of Manjushri in human form with all the marks and signs of perfection.
Your magnificent attainments were nurtured in the matrix of motherly method and wisdom combined
Of which the vibrant syllable DHI is an embodiment.

Sipping the nectars of the profound teachings, Directly from Manjushri’s masterly eloquence, You realized the heart of wisdom.
 Inspired by your example, I will now set out a description of the steps for actualization Of Manjushri, the bodhisattva of wisdom, In accord with your realization.

Begin the session with the general preliminaries of taking refuge and generating the altruistic thought of enlightenment. Then con- template the four immeasurable thoughts of love, compassion, joy, and equanimity.

Taking Refuge and Generating Bodhichitta

I go for refuge until I am enlightened
To the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Supreme Assembly.
By my practice of giving and other perfections,
May I become a buddha to benefit all sentient beings. (3x)

The Four Immeasurables

May all sentient beings have happiness and the causes of happiness.
May all sentient beings be free from suffering and the causes of suffering.
May all sentient beings be inseparable from the happiness that is free from suffering.
May all sentient beings abide in equanimity, free from desire for friends and hatred for enemies.1
Recite the SVABHAVA mantra to purify perception in emptiness and then proceed:
OM SVABHAVA SHUDDHA SARVA DHARMAH SVABHAVA SHUDDHO HAM

 

Visualizing Orange Manjushri with wisdom sword in his right hand and Prajnaparamita Sutra in his left on a lotus flower.

 

 

Visualization

Dhi syllable visualized on a lotus. This is the “seed” syllable of Manjushri.

At my heart is my mind in the shape of an egg, its point upwards. Inside the egg, on a full moon disc, is an orange letter DHI, from which an infinite amount of light emits. It fills the whole of my body, purifying all my negativities and removing all my obscura- tions accumulated since beginingless time. The light rays leave through my pores and become offerings to the buddhas and bo- dhisattvas, thereby delighting them. This causes the blessings of the body, speech, and mind of these holy beings to dissolve into light that destroys the darkness of ignorance of all sentient be- ings, thus placing them in wisdom’s illumination.

The rays then recollect into the syllable DHI. It transforms into light, my ordinary perception and my clinging thereto vanish, and I emerge as Venerable Manjushri, orange in color, with one face and two arms. My right hand brandishes a sword of wisdom in the space above me. At my heart between the thumb and ring finger of my left hand, I hold the stem of an utpala lotus. Upon its petals in full bloom, by my left ear, rests a volume of the Perfec- tion of Wisdom Sutra.

I sit in full lotus posture and am adorned with precious ornaments for my head, ears, throat, and shoulders, as well as bracelets and anklets. Draped in a flowing mantle and skirt of exquisite silks, my hair is tied up in five knots and coils counter-clockwise. Bearing an entrancing and serene smile, I sit amidst a mass of light radiat- ing from my body. The letter OM marks the crown of my head, AH my throat and HUM my heart.

HUM emits rays of light that invite the wisdom beings from the inconceivable mansion of their own pure lands. They resemble Manjushri as described above and are surrounded by hosts of buddhas and bodhisattvas.

JAH HUM BAM HOH

They absorb into me and thus we become one.

Offerings and Praise

Visualize the offerings, or make them tangible on your altar.

One then makes offerings and praise.
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA ARGHAM PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (water for the face)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA PADYAM PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (water for the feet)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA PUSHPE PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (flowers)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA DHUPE PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (incense)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA ALOKE PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (lights/lamps)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA GANDHE PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (scented water or perfume)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA NAIVIDYA PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (food)
OM ARYA VAGIH SHARA SAPARIVARA SHAPTA PRATICCHA HUM SVAHA (music)

Praise

I make obeisance to your youthful form, O Manjushri. Like that of a dynamic and graceful sixteen year old, You repose upon the full moon as your cushion
At the center of an expansive, milk-white lotus.

I make obeisance to your speech, O mighty fulfiller of wishes, So mellifluent to the minds of countless sentient beings,
A lucent euphony to accord with each listener’s capacity,
Its multiplicity embellishing the hearing of all unfortunate ones.

O Manjushri, I make obeisance to your mind
Wherein is illuminated the entire tapestry of the myriad objects
of knowledge.
It is a tranquil ocean of unfathomable profundity
Of immeasurable breadth, boundless like space itself.

Mantra Recitation

Visualization of the DHI syllable at the heart surrounded by A RA PA CHA NA.

At my heart upon a moon disc is an orange syllable DHI. Encircling it at the disc’s periphery stands the rosary-like mantra of:

OM AH RA PA CHA NA DHI

All the syllables radiate light, which gathers both the wisdoms of exposition, dialectics and composition and the wisdoms of hear- ing, contemplation and meditation, which are possessed by the buddhas, bodhisattvas, sravakas and pratyekabuddhas, and the wise and learned masters of all the Buddhist and non-Buddhist traditions.

One contemplates the fusion of such wisdom within one’s mindstream and recites the mantra accordingly. See pages 9-11 for a more elaborate explanation and practice of receiving the seven types of wisdom.

Conclude the session with the hundred-syllable Vajrasat- tva mantra to purify excesses, omissions and mistakes. Then end with some prayers and auspicious verses.

OM VAJRASATTVA SAMAYA MANU PALAYA / VAJRASATTVA TVENO PATISHTA / DRIDHO MAY BHAVA / SUTOSHYO ME BHAVA / SUPOSHYO ME BHAVA / ANURAKTO ME BHAVA / SARVA SIDDHIM ME PRAYACHHA / SARVA KARMA SU CHAME / CHITTAM SHRIYAM KURU HUM / HA HA HA HA HO / BHAGAVAN / SARVA TATHAGATA / VAJRA MAME MUNCHA / VAJRA BHAVA MAHA SAMAYA SATTVA / AH HUM PHAT

Dedication

By virtue of this practice may I quickly
Accomplish the powerful attainments of Manjushri; And then may I lead all beings without exception To that supreme state.

[5]

NOTES
[1] Amitabha Sutra
[2] 11 Iconic Forms of Buddhas
[3] Chanting the Names of Mañjuśrī: The Mañjuśrī-nāma-saṃgīti
[4] Manjushri gosha page on Himilayan art
[5] Orange Manjushri Sadhana by the Fifth Dalai Lama, translated by FPMT.

The post Manjushri as Father, Mother, Child — and Doctor: the eleven aspects of Manjushri — kind, wrathful, protective, teaching and “beastly” appeared first on Buddha Weekly: Buddhist Practices, Mindfulness, Meditation.

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